unit定語(yǔ)從句PPT課件

1、hand第1頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)hands which are tapping the keyboarda hand which holds a flower（先行詞）（先行詞）（先行詞）（先行詞）關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Attributive ClauseAttributive Clause第2頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句： 由一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)由一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的位置：從句的位置： 在名詞或代詞后在名詞或代詞后先行詞先行詞： 被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞： 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞第3頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)Th

2、e pig _ is wearing a hat is called Maidou.Who is Maidou ?who第4頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)Who is Kongfu Panda? Kongfu Panda is a panda father is a duck.whose第5頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)What do you think of Kongfu Panda?It is the most lovely panda I have ever seen.that第6頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)The houses _ roofs are of different colors and shapes are the drea

3、m houses for kindergarten kids.whose第7頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)Which one is Harry Porter ?The boy _ is Harry Porter .who is wearing glasses第8頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞的作用：關(guān)聯(lián)詞的作用： (1) 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，從句，連接主句和從句，連接主句和從句，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)連詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)連詞(2) 在從句中作一成份在從句中作一成份(3) 代替先行詞在從句中的位置代替先行詞在從句中的位置第9頁(yè)/共41頁(yè) 句子成分：句子成分：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) - 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前;賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) - 介詞或及物動(dòng)詞后；介詞或及物動(dòng)詞后

4、；表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) - be動(dòng)詞后或系動(dòng)詞后；動(dòng)詞后或系動(dòng)詞后；狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) - 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、原因時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，etc.第10頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)2. I know the reason that he explained in the meeting. ( _ 做關(guān)系代詞, 修飾先行詞_, 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_.)1. The student who answered the question was John. ( _ 做關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞_, 關(guān)系代詞在從句中用作_.)4. Id like a room whose window looks out over th

5、e sea. (_做關(guān)系代詞, 修飾先行詞_, 關(guān)系代詞在從句中用作_)3. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. ( _ 做關(guān)系代詞, 修飾先行詞_, 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_.)whowhostudentstudent主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)thatthatreasonreason賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)whomwhomboyboy賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)whosewhoseroomroom定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)第11頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1. Then, later that afternoon, another big 1. Then, later that afternoon, another bi

6、g earthquake which was almost as strong as the earthquake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. first one shook Tangshan. 2. The army organized teams to dig out those 2. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.who were trapped and to bury

7、 the dead.3. Workers built shelters for survivors whose 3. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.homes had been destroyed.4. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long 4. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, and thirty m

8、eters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.roads and canals.5. The number of people who were killed or injured 5. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.reached more than 400,000.第12頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1. Do you have anything (that is important) to tell me?2. I have some boo

9、ks that are very good.3. This is the first book that I bought myself.4. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.5. I wont forget the things and the persons that I saw.6. Mary has a book, which is very precious.7. This is a house in which lives an old man.8. That dog which I found in the street b

10、elongs to Mary.第13頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1. 這是我讀過(guò)的最難的一本書(shū)。這是我讀過(guò)的最難的一本書(shū)。2. 昨天跟你談話的那個(gè)人證實(shí)是個(gè)賊。昨天跟你談話的那個(gè)人證實(shí)是個(gè)賊。3. 這位剛從國(guó)外回來(lái)的籃球明星引起了公眾這位剛從國(guó)外回來(lái)的籃球明星引起了公眾的注意。的注意。4. Peter住在一間窗戶向南的房子。住在一間窗戶向南的房子。5. 任何反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃的人都可以大聲說(shuō)出自己任何反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃的人都可以大聲說(shuō)出自己的意見(jiàn)。的意見(jiàn)。6. 我們班上還有幾位同學(xué)不太清楚定語(yǔ)從句的我們班上還有幾位同學(xué)不太清楚定語(yǔ)從句的用法。用法。第14頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1.這是我讀過(guò)的最難的一本書(shū)。2. 昨天跟你談話的那個(gè)人

11、證實(shí)是個(gè)賊。3. 這位剛從國(guó)外回來(lái)的籃球明星引起了公眾的注意。This is the most difficult book that This is the most difficult book that I I have ever read.have ever read.The person The person who you talked to yesterdaywho you talked to yesterday proved to be a ved to be a thief.The basketball star, The basketball star,

12、who just came who just came back from abroadback from abroad , attracted the , attracted the publics attention.publics attention.第15頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)4. Peter住在一間窗戶向南的房子。5. 任何反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃的人都可以大聲說(shuō)出自己的意見(jiàn)。6. 我們班上還有幾位同學(xué)不太清楚定語(yǔ)從句的用法。Peter lives in a house Peter lives in a house whose window whose window faces southfaces so

13、uth. .There are several students in our class There are several students in our class who are still not sure about the use of who are still not sure about the use of attributive clausesattributive clauses. .Anyone Anyone who is against this planwho is against this plan can speak can speak out your o

14、pinion.out your opinion.第16頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1. This is the only book _ I got last year.2. Is this the book in _ you are interested?3. This is the largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo.4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers _ exist (存在) in the mother school.5. All the desks _ are bought look really wonder

15、ful.6. Do you have any money _is used to build the factory?7. Tom has a toy, _ was given by his father.8. This is the second watch _ my father bought for me. thatwhichthatthatthatthatwhichthat第17頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.2. Who are the young girls who are having

16、dinner in the restaurant?3. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths.4. Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football.5. Who is the girl that you talked to her just now?6. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.7. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.

17、 whosethatarelikeswho第18頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)（二）關(guān)系副詞的用法：（二）關(guān)系副詞的用法：1、when 指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，它的先行詞通常有：它的先行詞通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：等。如： I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?第19頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)2、where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。指地點(diǎn)，在從

18、句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。它的先行詞通常有：它的先行詞通常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country 等，如：等，如： This is the hotel where they are staying. I forget the house where the Smiths lived.第20頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)3、why指原因或理由，它的先行指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有詞只有reason。例如：。例如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.第21頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)time時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)plac

19、e地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)reason原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)why (= for which)where (=in/at which)when(=at/in/on which)Function in the clauseReferring to The relative adverb (關(guān)系副詞)第22頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)This is the park that we visited last year.This is the park where we held a birthday partyShe wont forget the days that she spent on the island.She w

20、ont forget the days when they stayed togetherThats the date when we went to the college.Thats the date that she wont forget for ever.I like the time when we lived together.I like the time that we had together.第23頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns and adverbs. 1. Is this the

21、room _ you cleaned last time? 2. Is this the room _ we lived before? 3. This is the garden _ they stayed for a night. 4. This is the garden _ they visited last time. 5. Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home. 6. Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him . 7. She still remembers the year _ she fou

22、nd her first job. 8. She still remembers the year _ she spent in Jining.thatwherewherethatwhenthatwhenthat第24頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1. Jack will never forget the day _ he met Lucy for the first time . 2. I will go back to the place _ I grew up . 3. The reason _ Jack saved Lucy is that he loved her very much .4. This

23、 is the farm _ we picked apples last year .5. Summer is the best season _ you can go swimming .when / on whichwhere / in which whywhere / on which when / in which第25頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1. 1. 你可以拿你感興趣的任何一本書(shū)。你可以拿你感興趣的任何一本書(shū)。 2. 2. 這是本月上映的最好的一部影片。這是本月上映的最好的一部影片。 3. 3. 人們喜歡住在空氣新鮮，噪聲很少的地方。人們喜歡住在空氣新鮮，噪聲很少的地方。 4. 19494.

24、1949年是新中國(guó)誕生的一年。年是新中國(guó)誕生的一年。 5. 5. 我總不太明白他犯這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的原因。我總不太明白他犯這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的原因。 6. 6. 我最好的朋友沒(méi)有來(lái)為我送行，這讓我很沮我最好的朋友沒(méi)有來(lái)為我送行，這讓我很沮喪。喪。7. 7. 這是你借給他詞典的那個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？這是你借給他詞典的那個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？ 8. 8. 這就是你們談?wù)撃敲炊嗟哪潜拘滦≌f(shuō)嗎？這就是你們談?wù)撃敲炊嗟哪潜拘滦≌f(shuō)嗎？ 9. 9. 正如大家所知，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分。正如大家所知，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分。用定語(yǔ)從句翻譯下列句子。第26頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1.你可以拿你感興趣的任何一本書(shū)。 2.這是本月上映的最好的一部影片。 3. 人們

25、喜歡住在空氣新鮮，噪聲很少的地方。 You can take any book You can take any book that interests that interests you bestyou best. .This is the best film This is the best film that has been that has been shown this monthshown this month. .People like to live in a place People like to live in a place where where theres f

26、resh air and little noisetheres fresh air and little noise. .第27頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)4.1949年是新中國(guó)誕生的一年。 5.我總不太明白他犯這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的原因。6. 我最好的朋友沒(méi)有來(lái)為我送行，這讓我很沮喪。1949 was the year 1949 was the year when new China when new China was bornwas born. .I never really understand the reason I never really understand the reason why he ma

27、de such a mistakewhy he made such a mistake. .My best friend didnt see me off, My best friend didnt see me off, which upset me.which upset me.第28頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)7.這是你借給他詞典的那個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？ 8.這就是你們談?wù)撃敲炊嗟哪潜拘滦≌f(shuō)嗎？ 9. 正如大家所知，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分。Is that the student Is that the student to whom you to whom you lent your dictionarylent y

28、our dictionary? ?Is this the new novel Is this the new novel which you have which you have talked about so muchtalked about so much? ?As we all know, Taiwan is part of As we all know, Taiwan is part of China.China.第29頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)( (三三) ) 使用關(guān)系副詞應(yīng)注意下列幾點(diǎn)：使用關(guān)系副詞應(yīng)注意下列幾點(diǎn)：1、這三個(gè)關(guān)系副詞在意義上都相當(dāng)于一定的、這三個(gè)關(guān)系副詞在意義上都相當(dāng)于一定的介

29、詞介詞+which 結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： when = on (in, at, during) + which; where = in (at, on) + which; why = for which. 如：如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.第30頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)1.This is the rea

30、son _ _he left his hometown. (= why)2.Ill never forget the day_ _ we stayed together. (= when)3.This is the girl _ _I learned the news. 4.The person_ _ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about. 5.Ill show you a store_ _you may buy all that you need. (= where)6.I dont like the way_ _ you

31、 laughed at her. (= that )介詞介詞 + + 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 whichfromwhomininforwhichonwhomtowhichwhich第31頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)7. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _had not been cleaned for at least one year.8. In the dark street, there was not a single person _ _ she could turn for help.9. China has a lot of

32、islands ,the largest_ _ is Taiwan.10. The old lady had one son and two daughters,_ _ _ treated her well, _ made her very sad. 11. There are forty students in our class, _ _ 20 are girls; the rest are boys.whichtowhomofwhichnoneofwhomwhichofwhom第32頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)三限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句三限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1、限制性定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行

33、詞的情況，、限制性定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行詞的情況，對(duì)先行詞起對(duì)先行詞起限定作用限定作用，與先行詞關(guān)系十，與先行詞關(guān)系十分密切，不可用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，也不可省略，分密切，不可用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，也不可省略，否則全句意義就不完整。如：否則全句意義就不完整。如： This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you?第33頁(yè)/共41頁(yè) 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有：who, whom, whose, which, when 和和 where，不可以用不可以用that和和why

34、。2、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只是對(duì)先行詞作、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只是對(duì)先行詞作補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，沒(méi)有限定作用，它與先行詞的關(guān)系比較松散，因而沒(méi)有限定作用，它與先行詞的關(guān)系比較松散，因而不是關(guān)鍵性的，如果省略，原句的意義仍然完整。不是關(guān)鍵性的，如果省略，原句的意義仍然完整。這種從句在朗讀時(shí)要有停頓，在文字中通常用逗號(hào)這種從句在朗讀時(shí)要有停頓，在文字中通常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。如：與主句隔開(kāi)。如： This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which w

35、ere electric.第34頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)3、有時(shí)，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的不、有時(shí)，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的不是某一個(gè)詞，而是整個(gè)主句或是主句中是某一個(gè)詞，而是整個(gè)主句或是主句中的一個(gè)部分，這時(shí)一般采用的一個(gè)部分，這時(shí)一般采用which或或as來(lái)來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如：引導(dǎo)。如： 第35頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)注意：注意：（1）as引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在主句之前或后，而引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在主句之前或后，而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后。引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后。 They are hollow, which makes them very light. As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.（2）從意義上講，which指前面主句的內(nèi)容；而as指代的是作為一般人都知道的常識(shí)性的東西，因此常譯成“就象那樣，正如”。第36頁(yè)/共41頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞 as在定語(yǔ)從句中指代整件事，充當(dāng)句中的主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，在引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)經(jīng)常和 the same, such, as一起搭配使用，共同構(gòu)成一個(gè)固