情態(tài)動詞can的基本用法4頁

1、情態(tài)動詞can的基本用法：情態(tài)動詞can有一定的詞義,但不能獨立存在,它必須與動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞can沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。其具體用法如下:1.表示"能、會",指腦力或體力方面的"能力"。例如:I can speak English.我會講英語。Jim can swim but I can't.吉姆會游泳,但我不會。2.表示"可能",常用于否定句或疑問句中,指某種可能性，此時cant 譯為“ 不可能”。例如:Han Mei can't be in the classroom.韓梅不可能在教

2、室里。Can he come here today, please?請問他今天能到這里來嗎?3.表示"可以",常用于口語中,指許可或請求做某事，可以代替may。例如:Can I have a cup of tea, please?請問我可以喝一杯茶嗎?You can go out.你可以出去了。補充：can的過去式could，意為“ 能、 會”，表示過去的能力如：He could write poems when he was 10.  他十歲時就會寫詩。could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時 could 沒有

3、過去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能幫我個忙嗎？Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎? Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）情態(tài)動詞can的基本句型：1.肯定句型為:主語+can+動詞原形+其它。例如:They can play basketball.他們能打籃球。She can dance.她會跳舞。You can go to watch TV.你可以去看電視了。2.否定句型為:主語+can not(can't/cannot)+動詞原形+其它。表示"某人不能(不會。不可能

4、)做"。其中can't是can not的縮略式,英國多寫成cannot。例如:You cannot pass the ball like this.你不能像這樣傳球。I can't ride a motorbike.我不會騎摩托車。3.疑問句句型分為:一般疑問句句型和特殊疑問句句型兩種類型。一般疑問句句型為:Can+主語+動詞原形+其它。表示"某人會(能?？梢?做嗎?",用于口語時,常表示請求或許可。其肯定答語用""Yes,主語+can."作答;否定答語用"No,主語+can't."作答。注

5、意答語中做主語的人稱代詞,應(yīng)根據(jù)問句中的主語作相應(yīng)的變化。其變化規(guī)則為:第一人稱問,則第二人稱答;第二人稱問,則第一人稱答;第三人稱問,第三人稱答。例如:-Can you sing an English song for us?你可以為我們大家唱一首英語歌嗎?-Yes.行。(注意在Yes后面常省略I can)-Can I skate?我可以滑冰嗎?-Yes, you can.可以。-Can she climb hills?她能爬山嗎?-No, she can't.不,她不能。特殊疑問句句型為:a. Who+can+動詞原形+其它。該句型中who相當(dāng)于主語。例如:-Who can sin

6、g in English in your class?你們班上誰會用英語唱歌?-Lily can. 莉莉會。b.特殊疑問詞(作定語)+名詞+can+主語+動詞原形+其它。該句型中的特殊疑問詞常用how many, how much等。例如:-How many boats can you see in the river?你能看見河中有多少只船嗎?-Only one boat.僅有一只。c.特殊疑問詞+can+主語+動詞原形+其它。該句型中的特殊疑問詞常用what, where, when等,一般用肯定陳述句作答。例如:-What can you see in the picture?你能在圖畫

7、中看到什么?-I can see some birds and two big trees in it.我能看到一些鳥兒和兩棵大樹。考查can的用法：a. 考查can表示能力的用法。在這一用法中，can表示能力，意思是"能，會"，其否定式can't表示"不能"。在過去時中用could和couldn't。例如：1. - Where's Mr. Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.- You _ find him. A. may not B. may not C. can't D

8、. can't2. - Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?- Sorry. It _ in such a short time. A. may do B. can't be done C. must do D. needn't be done3. I have my own room in my house, so I _ do what I want in it. A. must B. have to C. need to D. can4._you mend my car? I _ not start it. A. W

9、ould; would B. Must; must C. Can; can D. May; may5._she ride when she was three years old? A. Can B. Could C. Need D. May6. The boy _ answer this kind of hard questions one year ago. A. can B. may C. couldb. 考查can表示推測的用法。在這一用法中，can意為"可能"，表示客觀可能性，常常用于疑問句和否定句中。例如：7. - Who is the man over the

10、re? Is it Mr. Li?- No, it _ be him. Mr. Li is much taller. A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't8. - Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who _ it be? Is it Wei Fang?- No. It _ be her. She is at school now. A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won&#

11、39;t9. - Is Mr. Hu in the reading room?- No, he _ be there. He has gone to Tianjin. A. mustn't B. needn't C. won't D. can't10. Class 3 won the football match! _it be true? A. May B. Must C. Will D. Canc. 考查can / could表示請求許可的用法在這一用法中，can和could都表示現(xiàn)在，用could比用can語氣更加委婉客氣，常用Could I / you.

12、?句式，表示"我/你能嗎?"，若表示同意要用can，不用could。例如：11. - Could I look at your pictures?- Yes, of course you_. A. could B. can C. will D. might12._you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number.A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should 綜合練習(xí)：1. -Can I go fishing with you, Dad?-No, you _.You _

13、stay at home and do your homework first.A. won't; may B. can't must C. shouldn't; ought D. needn't; should2. -Do you know whose dictionary it is?-It _ be Li Mei's. Her name isnt on it.A. can't B. mustnt C. shouldn't D. needn't3. -I can't stop smoking, doctor.-For your health, I'm afraid you _.A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn