2013年小升初語法復(fù)習(xí)(十一)：There be句型

1、2013 年小升初語法復(fù)習(xí)（十一）： There be 句型一、知識概要（一）there/here be 結(jié)構(gòu)（1） there be 結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某時、某地存在著什么事物或人”，包括 there is、there are、there was、there were。（2） here be 結(jié)構(gòu)與它類似，用法也完全相同，只不過是表示“這里存在著什么事物或 人”。（二）和 have、 has、had 的區(qū)別：(1)There be 句型表示：在某地有某物(或人);而 have、has、had 表示：某人擁有某物。 (2)在 there be 句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be 動詞用 is;主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be

2、動詞用 are;如有幾件物品，be 動詞根據(jù)最近 be 動詞的那個名詞決定即“就近原則”。(3)there be 句型的否定句在 be 動詞后加 not，一般疑問句把 be 動詞調(diào)到句首。 (4)there be 句型與 have(has) 的區(qū)別：there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。(5) some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的運用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑問 句。(6) and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的運用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑問句。 (7)針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)

3、是：How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ are there + 介詞短語?How much + 不可數(shù)名詞+ is there + 介詞短語?(8) 針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： Whats + 介詞短語?(9) There be 結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開頭，而 have 等詞只能用于某一個主語后面。（三）there be 的呈現(xiàn)形式：there is （有，現(xiàn)在時，用于單數(shù)）There is a pond here now.there are （有，現(xiàn)在時，用于復(fù)數(shù)）There are big trees now .there isn't （沒有，現(xiàn)在時，用于單數(shù)）There i

4、sn't a small playground now .there aren't（沒有，現(xiàn)在時，用于復(fù)數(shù)）There aren't two swings here now.there was （有，過去時，用于單數(shù)）There was only a slide before 1there were （有，過去時，用于復(fù)數(shù)）There were old desks and chairs in the classroom before .there wasn't （沒有，過去時，用于單數(shù)）There wasn't a park here beforethe

5、re weren't （沒有，過時，用于復(fù)數(shù)）There weren't ducks, too.（四） There be 句型就近一致原則There is a picture book and some apples. (be 與最近的主語 a picture book 一致)There are some children at the door. (be 與最近的主語 some children 保持一致)二、 There be 句型考點考點 1 There be 句型中系動詞 be 的用法例題 選擇填空（ ）1. There _ some bread on the plat

6、e.A. is B. are C. be D. am（ ）2. There _ a pen and two books on the desk.A. is B. are C. am D. be（ ）3. There _ two books and a pen on the desk.A. am B. have C. are D. is【解析】：第 1 題中，主語為 some bread, 看似復(fù)數(shù)，但要注意 bread 為不可數(shù)名詞， 所以 be 動詞用 is。第 2 題考查 There be 句型中所需遵循的就近一致原則，該題中主語為 a pen and two books, 雖然不是單數(shù)，

7、但與 be 動詞最近的主語為 a pen，所以 be 動詞用單數(shù) is。同 理，第 3 題中，主語為 two books and a pen ，但與 be 動詞最近的主語為 two books, 所以 be 動詞用復(fù)數(shù) are.【答案】：1. A 2.A 3.C舉一反三訓(xùn)練：單項選擇（ ）1. Look! _ a cute cat on the sofa.A. there is B. there are C. There is D. There are（ ）2. _ an expensive ring in the box.A. there is B. there are C. There i

8、s D. There are（ ）3. _ shy and quiet pandas at the zoo.A. there is B. there are C. There is D. There are（ ）4.There _ a bicycle, two buses and three jeeps behind this building. A. is B. are C. be D. Are（ ）5. _ there a telephone next to the backpack?A. is B. are C. be D. Is 2（ ）6. There are _ interesti

9、ng comic books in the school library.A. any B. some C. a D. an考點 2 There be 句型的一般過去時例題 選擇填空（ ）1. There _ two eggs in the fridge this morning, but now there _ only one.A. are; is B. were; was C. were; is D. are; was（ ）2. There _ a bird in the tree yesterday.A. is B. are C. was D. were【解析】：There be 句型

10、的一般過去時主要考查 be 的兩種形式 was（單數(shù)）和 were（復(fù) 數(shù)）。句中有明顯的時間狀語提示。使用一般過去時，也可根據(jù)上下文語境來確定。如第1 題中前半句 this morning 是過去時間，而且 two eggs 是復(fù)數(shù)，故用 were，后半句 now 是“現(xiàn) 在”，且 one 為單數(shù)，故用 is；第 2 題中，yesterday 是過去時間，且 a bird 是單數(shù)，故用 was?！敬鸢浮浚?.C 2.C舉一反三訓(xùn)練：一、單項選擇。（ ）1. There _ some milk in the glass, but the glass is empty now.A. is B.

11、are C. were D. was（ ）2. “_ there any parties in your school last night?” I asked Linda.A. Be B. Are C. Was D. Were二、用所給動詞適當(dāng)形式填空。1. There_ (be) a good film last week.2. There_ (be) two pens on the desk this afternoon, but now where are they?考點 3 There be 句型的句式變換例題 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. There are some trees near the

12、 house. (改為否定句)There _ _ trees near the house.2. There are some flowers on the teachers desk.( 對劃線部分提問)_ _ on the teachers desk?3. There are two bags under the chair. (對劃線部分提問)_ _ bags are there under the chair?【解析】第 1 題變否定句，主要是在 are 后面加 not，但要注意句中 some 要改為 any； 肯定句用 some, 否定句和疑問句用 any。第 2 題中把 some

13、flowers 劃線，就是問“在老師桌 子上有什么”。所以用 whats; 第 3 題中把 two 劃線，也就是要問“有幾個書包”，而且書 3包是可數(shù)名詞，所以用 How many?！敬鸢浮浚?. arentany 2. What is 3. How many舉一反三訓(xùn)練：按要求完成下列各題1. There are some apples on the tree. (變一般疑問句) _ 2. There are some oranges in the glass? （變否定句） _ 3. Is there a baby in the room? (變復(fù)數(shù)) _ 4. There is a so

14、ccer ball and a basketball on the floor. (就劃線部分提問) _ 5. There are two buses near the hill. (就劃線部分提問) _ _ buses are there near the hill? 4自我檢測與提高一、用“there be”正確形式填空。（每空一詞）1. _ _ some tea in the cup.2. _ _ any trees in the picture? No, _ _. 3._ _ any coffee in the cup? Yes, _ _. 4. _ _ some sheep near

15、 the house.5. _ _ an orange and two bananas in the basket.6. On the tree, _ _many big pears.二、按要求改寫句子。1. Theres some rice in the bowl. （改為否定句）_2. There isnt any beef in the bag. （改為肯定句）_3. There are many cows over there. (改為一般疑問句)_4. There are five girls at the door. (用 How many 改為特殊疑問句)_5. There ar

16、e seven days in a week. (用 How many 改為特殊疑問句)_三、單項選擇。（ ）1. There _ some money in the bag.A. is B. are C. have D. be（ ）2. There _ many bananas, but there _ only an apple. A. are; is B. is; are C. aren t; is D. arent; isnt（ ）3. There is_.A. a book B. two pens C. five cups D. a water（ ）4. There _ a desk

17、, two chairs and three cups in the room. A. is B. are C. be D. were（ ）5. There _ a bird in the tree yesterday afternoon.A. is B. are C. was D. were（ ）6. _ is in the box? Two apples.A. Where B. When C. Who D. What（ ）7. There _ two chairs and a bed in the room.A. is B. are C. be D. am 5（ ）8. There _ a

18、 lot of apple trees here last year.A. is B. are C. was D. were（ ）9. Look! There _ two knives in the pencil-box.A. are B. be C. is D. am（ ）10. How many rabbits _there?A. is B. be C. are D. were四、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. There _ (be) a little water in the glass.2. There _ (be not) any milk in the bowl.3. Th

19、ere _ (be) some money in my pocket.4. There _ (be) some books, a ruler and a pen in the box.5. There _ (be) a tall tree in front of the bus station, but now there isnt.五、連詞成句。1. a, on, the, there, clock, nice, is, wall(.)_2. basket, some, there, bananas, in, are, the(.)_3. there, floor, the, are, an

20、y, footballs, not, on(.)_4. some, there, is, juice, bottle, the, in, orange(.)_5. are, any, there, students, the, farm, on(?)_6. there, workers, are, in, any, factory, the(?)_六、用 there be 與 have 填空。1. This desk _ four legs.2. _ some books on the desk.3. Everyone_ a dictionary in my class.4. _ （沒有）kn

21、ives in the room.5. I _ a new sweater.6. _ some flowers and a desk in the room.7. _ nothing in the bag.8. They _ something to eat.七、短文改錯。（仔細(xì)觀察下面的短文，無錯誤打“勾”，在錯處劃線，然后在這一行后 面的橫線上更正。 6I have a very big and nice bedroom. There are 1._ a bed, a desk and a chair in it. In the wall 2._ there is a clock, and

22、 near the clock there is a 3._ map of China. I like it very much. 4._ I like pictures and there is many singerspictures on the 5._ wall. This is a picture of my home. The man is 6._ my father. The woman is after my sister. She is 7._ my mother. She is a teacher. Oh! A cat is on 8._the picture, too.

23、Its name is Mimi. My sister and I are in same school, but we are in different grades.9. _10. _ 7參考答案二、 There be 句型考點考點 1 舉一反三訓(xùn)練1. C 2. C 3.D 4. A 5. D 6. B考點 2 舉一反三訓(xùn)練一、 1.D 2.D二、 1.was 2. were考點 3 舉一反三訓(xùn)練1. Are there any apples on the tree?1. There arent any oranges in the glass.1. Are there any babies in the room?1. What is on the floor?2. How many buses are there near the hill?自我檢測與提高一、1. There is 2. Are there