英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的八種時(shí)態(tài)

1、1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞標(biāo)志詞有often, usually, always等要注意“單三”,即he she it2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞ing形式 標(biāo)志詞有now, at this time3 一般過去時(shí) 主語(yǔ)4動(dòng)詞過去式 標(biāo)志詞有ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, just now 等4過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 主語(yǔ)+ was/were + doing標(biāo)志詞有at that time等5 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 主語(yǔ)+ have/has + done 標(biāo)志詞有 recently, lately, since6過去完成時(shí) 主語(yǔ)+had

2、+ done標(biāo)志詞有before, by the end of last year等7 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 主語(yǔ)+ (dam/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.；be+doing 標(biāo)志 詞有 tomorrow, next day(week, month, year.),soon 等8 過去將來(lái)時(shí) 主語(yǔ)+®was/were/going to + do；would/should + do 標(biāo)志詞有 the next day 等時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí)，往往對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)總是 倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時(shí)態(tài)。一、一般現(xiàn)

3、在時(shí)：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month.), once a w eek, on sun days, etc 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：am/is/are+ not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加 don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)， 則用does,同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。二、一般過去時(shí)：概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)

4、間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, ni ght, mon th.), in 1 989, j ust now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：was/ were+ not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did提問，同時(shí)還 原行為動(dòng)詞。三、現(xiàn)

5、在進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/ is/ are+ doing否定形式：am/ is/ are+ not+ doing.一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were+ doing否定形式：was/ were + not + doing.一般疑問句：把w

6、as或were放于句首。五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently, lately, since.for.,in the past few years, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/ has + done否定形式：have/ has + not + d one一般疑問句：have或has。六、過去完成時(shí)：概念：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完 成的行為，即“過去的過去”。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before, by the end of last year(term, mon

7、th.),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑問句：had放于句首。七、一般將來(lái)時(shí)：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tom orrow , next day( w eek, m onth, year.) ,soon, in a few minutes, by .,the day after tomorrow , etc基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/ is/ are/ going to + do；w ill/ shall + do.否定形式：was/were+ not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為

8、動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。八、過去將來(lái)時(shí):概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：the next day(m orning, year.) ,the follow ing month(week.),etc 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were/ going to + do； ©would/ should + do.否定形式：was/ were/ not+ going to + do;would/ should + not + do.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/ should提到句首。ii 幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的相

9、互轉(zhuǎn)換英語(yǔ)中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見的轉(zhuǎn)換形式:一. 一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ),在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是, 可用別的表達(dá)方式：瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間+ ago"的一般過去時(shí)的句型中；瞬間動(dòng)段時(shí)間+ since + 一般過去時(shí)"的句型中，表示肆自從以來(lái)有時(shí)間”的意思，主句 一般用 it is 來(lái)代替 11 has been ;瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“ som e tim e has passed since + 一般過去時(shí)的句型中。請(qǐng)看：a. he joined the

10、league two years ago.b. he has been in the league for two years.c 11 is tw o years since he joined the league.d two years has passed since he joined the league.二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work(在工作)，at school(±學(xué)、上課)等。此短語(yǔ)可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請(qǐng)看：peter is at work, but mike is at play.peter is working, but mike is playing.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來(lái)時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o, com e, leave, start, arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀 語(yǔ)連用農(nóng)示將宴菠生的場(chǎng)作。如：i am com ing, mum!意為“我就耒，媽媽! ”請(qǐng)著:the train is leaving soon.the train w ill leave soon.四、“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”與“will(shall) +動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來(lái)時(shí)“