2018年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題06閱讀理解Ⅳ：詞義猜測(cè)題(練)(含解析)

1、專題6閱讀理解W:詞義猜測(cè)題1.【2017 新課標(biāo)全國(guó) I】CSome of the world s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans tocelebrate the first annual Intern ati onalJazz Day. UNESCOU nited Natio ns Educati on al,Scien tificand Cultural Organization） recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of ja

2、zz music, its sig ni fica nee, and its potential as a unifying（聯(lián)合）voice across cultures.Despite the celebrations, though, in theU.S. the jazz audienee continues to shrink and growolder, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.It s Jas on Moran s job to help cha ngethat . As the

3、Kenn edy Cen ter s artistic adviser forjazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserveits history and culture.“Jazz seems like it s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells NationalPublic Radio s reporter Neal Conan. “What I m hoping to

4、accomplish is that my generation andyounger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It s actually color, and it sactually digital. ”Mora n says one of the problems with jazz today is that the en terta inment aspect of the musichas been lost. “The music can t be p

5、resented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has tocontinue to move, b ecause the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller s music for a dance party,“ Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as muc

6、h as it is concertmusic, ” says Moran. “For me, it s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion（情 感）lie? Are we,as humans, gaining any insight（ 感悟）on how talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parkerrecord gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our tho

7、ughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a widercon text, ” says Moran, “ so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”29. What does the underlined word “that ” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Jazz becoming more accessible.B. The product ion of jazz grow ing fast

8、er.C. Jazz being less popular with the young.D. The jazz audienee becoming larger.【文童大意】為提高人們對(duì)于爵士樂的重視程度，UNESCO 把四月 3C 號(hào)定為了國(guó)際爵士日。然而這一行為 還是沒能挽救爵士樂。丁時(shí) utforan 認(rèn)為時(shí)代在進(jìn)步，為了將老一代人和年輕一代人聯(lián)接起來，爵士樂應(yīng)該 也隨之進(jìn)步。2.C 推理判斷題#艮據(jù)前文 Etespite the celebfations, ougU in U,S. jazz audience continueE to 站桿介 and growoldei, md th

9、e music 血 failed to connm younger generations 可知盡管 UNESCO 為爵士樂 i 殳了紀(jì)念 日，但美國(guó)的爵士樂聽眾依然在減少， 并且年齡在老也爵士樂沒能將年輕 T 弋人聯(lián)接起耒。 再結(jié)合吐斑 0H Morans job to helpchange that是 Jason Moran 所做的事情幫助改變了那個(gè)情況篤所次可推測(cè) thai 指代的是 前文中爵士樂在年輕一代人中失去吸引力的現(xiàn)象。故選2. 2016 全國(guó)卷ICIamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,Ivedone89tr

10、ipsofthose, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干纟田胞）in my little box becauseIve got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor（ 捐獻(xiàn)者）to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I

11、 am always con scious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stemcells in Provide nee, Rhode Isla nd, and was meant to fly to Wash ington the n back to London. Butwhe n I arrived at the check-i n desk at Provide nee, the lady on the desk said:“

12、 Well, Im reallysorry, Ive got some bad news for you there are no fights from Washington. ” So I took my boxand put it on the desk and I said: “ In this box are some stem cells thatare urge ntly n eededfor a patient please, please, youve got to get meback to the United Kingdom. ” She just dropped ev

13、erything. Shearranged for a flighton a small plane to be held for me, re-routed（ 改道 ） methroughNewark and got me back to the UK eve n earlier tha n origi nally scheduled.For this courier job, youre con sciously aware that in that box youve got someth ing thatis pote ntially going to save somebodys l

14、ife.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word“courier ” in Paragraph 1?A. Provider.B. Delivery man.C. Collector.D. Medical doctor.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在一次運(yùn)送造血干細(xì)胞途中的一段經(jīng)歷，表現(xiàn)了人7. What does the un derl ined worddownside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?們之間的友愛。29. B 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的rve do

15、ne 89 trips”和I have 42 hours to carry stemcells（干細(xì)胞）in my little box ”以及第二段的內(nèi)容可知，作者是運(yùn)送干細(xì)胞的人，也就是deliverymar。故選 B。3.2016 全國(guó)卷HBFive years ago, whe n I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tin kertoys as a test at the beg inning of a term tofind out someth ing about my stude nts. I put a small set

16、of Tin kertoys in front of each stude nt, and said: Makesometh ing out of the Tin kertoys. You have 45 minu testoday and 45 minu tes each day for the rest of the week.”A few stude nts hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the in struct ions

17、 and made somethi ng accord ing to one of the model pla ns provided. Ano thergroup built someth ing out of their own imagi nati ons.Once I had a boy who worked experime ntallywith Tin kertoysin his free time. His con struct ionsfilled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at ho

18、me. I was delighted at the prese nce of such astude nt. Here was an excepti on ally creative mi nd at work. His prese nce meant that I had an un expected teach ingassista nt in class whose creativity would in fect（感染）other stude nts.En courag ing this kind of thinking has a dow nside. Iran the risk

19、of los ing those stude ntsfail one would declare,“But rm just notThe stude nt would tell someth ing wildlyor growing three heads. “Thats pretty creative.who had a differentstyle of thinking. Withoutcreative. ”“ Do you dream at ni ght whe n youre asleep?Oh, sure.“ So tell me one of your most in teres

20、t ing dreams.imagin ative.Flying in the sky or in a time machineWho does that for you ?”“ Nobody. I do it. ”“ Really at ni ght, whe n youre asleep?”Sure. ”“ Try doing it i n the daytime, in class, okay5A. Mistake. B. Drawback.C. Difficulty. D. Burde n.【文童犬青】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了柞者在上課的時(shí)候通過讓學(xué)生們拼裝玩具從而發(fā)現(xiàn)并鼓勵(lì) 學(xué)生

21、們的創(chuàng)造性思維的故事。7. B 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段的畫線詞后面的I ran the risk of losing those students who had adiffere nt style of thi nking.”可知，雖然作者采用了這種教學(xué)方式，但是也冒著一定的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即有可能失去一些不同思維方式的學(xué)生，因此這里說明這種教育方式也有不足之處，因此選B。4.2016 全國(guó)卷川BOn one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple ofNewYork frien

22、ds out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, ano ther customer wasapproach ing their table.“ Hey, arent you from Mississippi ?” the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stra nger.“ rm from Mississippi too. ”Without a sec ond thought, the

23、 woma n joined the Welty party. When her dinner part ner showedup, she also pulled up a chair.“ They bega n tell ing me all the n ews of Mississippi，” Welty said. “ I did nt know what myNew York friends were thinking. ”Taxis on a rainy NewYork night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got

24、 up to leave, it was pouringoutside. Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, herbig-city friends were amazed at the tu rn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi statereunion（團(tuán)聚）.“ My friend said: Now we believe

25、 your stories ，” Welty added. “ And I said: Now youknow. These are the people that make me write them _ .”Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this expla nati on.7. What does the un derl ined worddownside” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?I dont

26、 make them up，” she said of the characters in her fictionthese last 50 or so years.“ I dont have to.”Beauticians, bartenders,piano players and people with purple hats, Weltys people come from7after noons spe nt visit ing with old frien ds, from walks through the streets of her n ative Jacks on. Miss

27、, from con versations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has nowgiven out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment（ 片斷）of a particularly in teresti ng story.6. The un derl ined word“ them ” in Paragraph 6 refers to Weltys _ .A. readers B. partiesC

28、. friends D. stories【文童犬意】這是一篇記敘文文童通過作家恥 1 切一次與朋左在外面吃飯的經(jīng)歷講述了小說中的 1 人物 大多都是來自現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。D 詞義猜測(cè)題。根抿倒數(shù)第四段痕 ty 與她朋友的對(duì)話可推斷出 them 指代的意義 4 她的朋友說：“現(xiàn) 在我們相信懈寫的故事了 Welty 說：卅爾知道,是這些人便我寫出這些故事的?！惫蔬x D 項(xiàng)5.2015 全國(guó)卷I,CSalvador Dali （1904-1989） was one of the most popularof modern artists. The Pompidou Centrein Paris is sho

29、wing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality withan exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Amongthe works and masterworks onexhibitionthe visitor will find the best pieces, most importantlyThePersistenee of Memory.There is alsoL

30、 Enigme sans Finfrom 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stageand scree n and selected parts from televisi on programmes reflect ing theartist s showman qualities.The visitor will en ter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beg inning, theworld of birth. The exhibition fo

31、llows a path of time and subject with the visitorexiting throughthe brai n.The exhibiti on shows how Dali draws the viewer betwee n two infin ities （無限）.“ From theinfinity small to the infin ity large, con tract ion and expa nsion coming in and out of focus: amaz ing Flemish accuracy andthe showy Ba

32、roque of old pain ti ng that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueres, ” explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selectio n of the major works was done in close collaborati on （合作）with the MuseoNacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with con tributi on s from other in stituti ons like theSalvador

33、 Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.31. What does the word“contributions ” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Don ati ons.D. Docume nts.【答案】31. A【解析】試題分析：本交主要介紹了最受雙迎的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)家蔭爾瓦釦達(dá)刊的莒術(shù)作品在巴舉蓬皮杜藝術(shù)中心展覽的 堀節(jié)3L A 詞義推測(cè)題.根據(jù)文章最后一段 The fine sdection cfthc major i.-orks was done in dos

34、e collaboration合 作）with the Museo Nadonal Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from oth 燈 institutions likeSalvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.可 UA 推測(cè)出 tntributioa 為藝術(shù)作品之一故選 A 6.2015 全國(guó)卷n.AMy color televisi on has give n me no thi ng but a headache. I was able to buy it a little o

35、vera year ago because I had my relatives give memoney for my birthday in stead of clothes that would n t fit. I let asalesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, whe n I saw n ewspaper advertiseme ntsfor the set at seve nty-five dollars less tha n I had paid.The

36、set worked so beautifulwhen I first got it home that I would keep it on until stationssignedoff for the night. Fortunately, I didn t get anychannels showing all-night movies or I wouldn ever have gotte n to bed.Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static（靜電）noise. For somer

37、eas on, whe n certa in shows switched into a commercial, a loud no ise would sound for a few sec on ds. Gradually, thisnoise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to ano ther cha nnel and the n cha nge it back.Sometimes this tech nique would not work, and I had to pick

38、 up the set and shake it to remove the soun d. I actually began to build up my arm muscles（肌肉）shak ing my set.When n either of these methods removed the static no ise, I would sit helplessly and wait forthe noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my first, and it stopped working al

39、together. My trip to the repairshop cost me $62, and the sit is working well now, but I keep expect ing more trouble.22. Which of the following an best replace the phrase“signed off ” in paragraph 1?A.en ded all their programsA. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Don ati ons.D. Docume nts.B.provided fewer ch

40、a nn elsC.cha nged to commercialsD.showed all-ni ght movies【答案】22. A【解析】試題分析：瓏的彩電帶給我的只有讓我頭疼的事.從一開始就讓我很不痛快.因?yàn)榄嚮ǖ膖tr 告上的多，這還不算，機(jī)子唾過時(shí)的，而且晴重也有間題，先是接受頻道不全，接著杲噪音不斷，最后只好自己花 錢去修.22.A 詞義推測(cè)題根據(jù)后一句 Fortujiately, I didnt get any channels showing all-night movies or I would neverliave gattento bed.：幸運(yùn)的是，我沒有可以整晩看電

41、影的頻道，否則我就不能睡覺了，故選 A.7.【2014 全國(guó)卷n.A】Arriving in Sydney on his own fromIndia, my husband ,Rashid, stayed in a hotel fora short time while look ing for a house for me and our childre n.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back inthe late after noon to disc

42、over that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, in cludi ng his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there , lost and Ionely in strange city, thinkingof the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from

43、 a distant country while trying to settle down in anew one.Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger.He was trying to pronounce my husband sn ame and was ask ing him a lot of questi ons. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in theirtrash can （垃圾桶）that had bee n left out on the f

44、ootpath.My husba nd rushed to their home to find a kind family holdi ng all his papers and docume nts.Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parentshad carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreig n addresses on most of thedocume

45、 nts. At last they had see n a half-writte n letter in the pile in which my husba nd had give nhis new telepho ne nu mber to a friend.That family not only restored the importa nt docume nts to us that day but also restored our_faith and trust in people. Westill remember their kindness and often send

46、 a warm wish their way.11【小題 3】.What does the underlined word“ restored ” in the last paragraph mean?A. ShowedB. Sen t outC. DeliveredD. Gave back【答案】【小題 3】D【解析】試題分析：本文屬于記敘文題材.在文中作苕講述了她們一家經(jīng)歷的一件重情.作者的丈夫不慎丟失了文件 包，正當(dāng)著急的時(shí)候，有人打電話給送了回來，原來是那家人的小孩在墳圾桶旁邊發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些文件，通過 這件熬養(yǎng)家不僅找回了丟失的文件也找回了對(duì) Airiffi 信任卜題刃 D 若査矯測(cè)詞義.

47、A 展靈 務(wù)骯比 C 運(yùn)釜 D 歸還匚 C 選頊容易彼誤選，要注意 driver 側(cè)重 送貨上門-而根據(jù)文章 IHStM 二段 My busbar?rushed rc their homr . find a kind family holding al! tus papers and docum 牡nts 可知那家人把撿到的文件替作者的丈夫保存著，然后親自送還給他.由此判斷”歸還那更符 合語境8.【2014 全國(guó)卷n,C】One of the latest trend （趨勢(shì)） in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stam

48、ford, for example, has gotincreasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from aero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that s true all across thecountry.I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age” Joseph Stocke, theman agi ng director of s compa ny, says of his 2-year old

49、son.I would at least like to give himthe cha nee to use the Ian guage in the future, ” After only six mon ths of being cared by 25-year-old woma n from China,the boy can already un dersta nd basic Chin ese daily expressi ons, his dad says.Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota

50、with an American husband, had another reason for lookingfor an au pair from China. She didn t want her children to miss out on theirroots. ” Because I am Chin ese, my husba nd and I wan ted the childre n to keep exposed to（接觸）theStaying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sittin

51、g in a classroom,says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in Ianguage education of Children. But parents must understand that just one year withau pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demandscontinued learning un til the age of 10 or 12.”The popularity if au pairs from China has bee n stre n

52、gthe ned by the in creas ing nu mbers ofAmerican parents who want their children who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that America n demand for au pairs will con ti nue to rise in the n ext few years.【小題 1 】.What does that term ” au pair ” in the text mean?A. A mother rais ing he

53、r childre n on her ownB. A child learning a foreign Ianguage at homeC. A professor in Ian guage educatio n of childre nD. A young foreig n woma n tak ing care of childre n.【答案】【小題 1】D【解析】試題分析：本文屬于說明文體裁。在文中作者提出美國(guó)現(xiàn)在存在的一種潮流趨勢(shì)，即越來越多的美國(guó)人希望孩子能夠?qū)W漢語，而且他們都希望孩子能夠在家里和來自中國(guó)的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語，他們認(rèn)為這樣在生活中通過交流來學(xué)習(xí)漢語要比在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)有優(yōu)勢(shì)?！?/p>

54、小題 1】D 考查猜測(cè)詞義。誤選項(xiàng)為A，因?yàn)槲闹卸啻翁岬綄W(xué)漢語的兒童。但是根據(jù)文章第三段.刪 another reason for looking for an au pair China.和文章第四段斗 Staying with a native speaker is betterfor children than simply sitting in d niassroon:可以推斷美匡 I 家長(zhǎng)希望孩子能鏗在家和來自中國(guó)的人 f 門 學(xué)英語，由此判斷凱 pair 是指住在家里可以裁給孩子語言的年輕人，故答案選 D.9.【2013 全國(guó)卷n,C】Given that many peoples

55、 moods ( 情緒)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it wasIan guage andculture.shesays.13probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drug storeof Chinese medicine.Lookinglike a setting from the filmCharlie&theChocolate Factory,Sin gapores Chocol

56、ate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of chocolates.its foun deris Chris Lee who grew up at his parents corner store with one hand almost always in the jar ofsweets.If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, thats because Lee is not merely a seas oned salespers onbut also head of a marketi ng

57、 departme nt that has bus in ess relati ons with big n ames such as Levis and Sony. Thatidea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored（味道chocolates.The CRFs produce is green.made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the AlcoholSeries being the

58、 most popular. The Exotic Series with Sichuan pepper, red bean （豆）.cheese and other flavors 一also does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate snobs_, who think that theyhave a better kno wledge of chocolate tha n others, the Conno isseur Series uses cocoa bea ns fromTogo, Cuba, Ven ezuela , and Ghana, among others.47. The words chocolate sno bs in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who_A. are particular about chocolateB. know little about cocoa bea nsC. look dow n upon othersD. like to try new flavors【答案】【小題 47】A【解析】主旨大意文章由巧克力與情第爲(wèi)關(guān)系引出甘蟲二克力公司CRF的發(fā)展的介紹史。小題跖猜測(cè)詞義題。h勢(shì)利；人，choccl-宀心指對(duì)巧克力