北京卷七選五

1、北京卷七選五專題分析Passage 1. （2015 北京 ）This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming meanspeople think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what s happeni ng around them. They can seem forgetful and annoy us bec

2、ause they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. _72_ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So howcan you comeup with brilliant daydrea

3、ms and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that someopportunities for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into And if you want to improveyour chances of having a creative idea while you redaydreaming, tryto d

4、o itwhile you are involved in anothertask preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.It s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate . “ Mindfulness ” , being focused, is a tool that some pe

5、ople use to avoid fallingFinally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowlyAlways remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.B. They stare off into space and wander by

6、 themselves.C. Without wandering minds, wewouldn t have relatively, Coke or Post -it notes.D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F. Daydreamsare often very simple

7、 and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.G. Therefore, it s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you re in the daydream zone.Passage 2. （2010 北京 ）MuzakThe next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear

8、? 71It s similar to the music you listento, but it s not exactly the same. That s because this music was especiallydesigned to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimesyou don t even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.Quiet background music used to be called “ el

9、evator （ 電梯 ） music ” because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a newname“ Muzak” . About one-third of the people in America listen to “ Muzak” everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more

10、lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 72.If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the namesof manyof the songs. Somemusicians or songwriters don t want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others ar

11、e happy whentheir songs are chosen. Why? 73.Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzakdoes what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear

12、 the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 74 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent moregroceries.75. They say it s boring to hear the samesongs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. Oneway or another, Muzak affects everyo

13、ne. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!A. Some people don t like Muzak.B. The music gives them extra energy.C. Music is playing in the background.D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.F. They get as much as

14、$4 million a year if their songs are used.G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.詞組總結(jié)：at a time 每次 ; 一次 Take three pills at a time.react to 對作出反應(yīng)pause p ? :z 名詞 n. 暫停 , 中斷 after a brief pause the speaker continued.one way or another 以某種方法One way or another I'm going to f

15、inish this work before the end of the week.Passage 3. （ 2011 北京）Public Speaking and Critical thinkingWhat is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it's a matter of logic （ 邏輯 ） - of being able to spot weakness in other people's arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes rela

16、ted skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking - the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. _71_. The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken informa

17、tion that was really available and put it together differently to produce new ideas.That, too, is critical thinking._72_. As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical （ 機(jī)械的 ） exercise, it is clos

18、ely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arrangi

19、ng your ideas you already have. _73_.What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. _74_. As you work on expressing your ideas in clear accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately._75_. As you learn to listen critically to speeches in cl

20、ass,you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of educati

21、on since the days of ancient Greece.A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.B. This may seem take a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it. C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.D. It has often been said that there are few

22、new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.G. As you study the role of evidence and

23、 reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.Passage 4. （ 2013北京）UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years a

24、go. _71_ . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural （ 鄉(xiāng)村的 ） villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain becamethe first urban society in history-a societyin which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning _72_

25、 . The process of urbanization- the migration （ 遷移 ） of people from the countryside to the city- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1990, fewer than 40%of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. O

26、nly about 2% live on farms _73 _.Large cities were impossible until agriculture becameindustrialized.Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities _74 _ . Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite（精英 ） a

27、nd the servants,laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has

28、 broken this balance between the city and the country _75_ . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A. That kept cities very small.B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on pe

29、ople should be considered.D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of huma

30、n beings.Passage 4. （ 2012北京）EmpathyLast year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. _71_ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and

31、 clubs.Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating another with no respect. _72_There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are

32、 sociallyrelated by Researchers have also found that empatheticteenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, manytop companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. _74_ Academics are important. But ifyou don t have emotional （ 情 感 的 ） intelligence, you won t be as successful in work or in your love