2015年河南專升本公共英語講義-改錯(cuò)題講解

1、2015年公共英語講義-改錯(cuò)題講解一、改錯(cuò)題常見考點(diǎn) . 11. 詞匯考點(diǎn) . . 12. 語法考點(diǎn) . . 2二、練習(xí)題：辨認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤并改正試題 . 11三、參考答案： . . 20改錯(cuò)題常見考點(diǎn)1. 詞匯考點(diǎn)(1)詞語搭配(介詞、連詞的選擇)錯(cuò)誤The element carbon is widelyAfoundB in natureC in many forms including both diamondsas well asD coal.解析：Das well as 改為 and。bothand為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)錯(cuò)誤地省略介詞The law I amreferringA requires

2、 that everyoneB who ownsCa car haveD accidentinsurance.解析： A 改為 referring to ：參考；涉及。注意本句中 require 后賓語從句中使用 了虛擬語氣， have 前省略了 should 。(3)其他高頻詞匯考點(diǎn)one s ability to do sth., look forward to doing sth., be robbed of sth.,more than ample to do sth.（足以 ）,be far removed from （與 毫不相干），with authority over sth.

3、（有權(quán)力. ）,to extent/degree, win a greatvictory over sb., in respect （在方面） , at one s expense （由 承擔(dān)） , keepdiscipline （遵守紀(jì)律）， o n the decline/increase （在下降 / 增加）2. 語法考點(diǎn)（1）非謂語動(dòng)詞1動(dòng)詞不定式WhenI consider how talented he isAas a painterB, I cannot help but believingC that thepublicD will appreciate his gift.解析

4、：C 刪去 but , can t help doing sth.:情不自禁.或?qū)?believing改為believe ，can t help but do sth. : 不得不.。2動(dòng)名詞Some bosses dislike to allowA people to shareB their responsibilities; they keep allCimportant matters tightlyD in their own hands.解析： Ato allow 改為 allowing 。 dislike 后接動(dòng)名詞。3現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞混淆He cannot tell the

5、difference between trueA praise and flatteringB statements makingConly to gainD his favor.解析：Cmaking 改為 made statements 與 make 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。(2)比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)設(shè)置1比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)形式誤用A great manyA educators firmlyB believe that English is one of the poorestCtaught subjects in high schools todayD.解析：C 改為 most poorly。taught

6、 為動(dòng)詞，要由副詞 poorly 修飾，poorly 最高級(jí) 為 mostpoorly 。2比較范圍重復(fù)出現(xiàn)Of all his outdoorA activities, Paul likes fishing best of allB, but he doesn t enjoy cleaningCfishing rods afterwardsD.解析：B 改為(the) best 或(the) most。本句中開頭已有 Of all，表示整體范圍， 后用最高級(jí)，故刪除后面的 of all 。此外，副詞最高級(jí)前 the 可以省略。3句中出現(xiàn) than ，卻沒有相應(yīng)形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)形式Onth

7、e wholeA, ambitious students are muchlikelyB to succeed in their studies than arethoseCwithD little ambition.解析： Bare much likely 改為 are more likely 。此外，注意本句中被比較的成分 使用了倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)。4比較對(duì)象不一致As far asA I am concerned, his politics areB rather conservative comparedC with otherpoliticiansD.解析： Dpoliticians 改為

8、politicians 。比較對(duì)象為“他的政見”與“其他政客的 政見”。此外，注意： politics 單復(fù)數(shù)同形，表示“政治學(xué)”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)； 表示“政見”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。5比較級(jí)錯(cuò)用Because there are lessA memberspresent tonight thanB there wereC last night, we mustwait until the next votingD.解析：A 改為 fewer，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) members less 修飾不可數(shù)名詞。（3）（并列、轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu)）平衡一致原則?？迹篴nd/but,notbut, not,asas,

9、not so/as as, than: 前后比較成分在形式、詞性上均對(duì)等一致。While inA Europe, the tourists enjoyed toB their heart sC content the weather, the foodand going to the theatreD.解析：D 改為 the theatre。關(guān)鍵詞 and 表示并列。此處 the weather, the food, the theatre 均充當(dāng) enjoy 的賓語。（4）三大從句注意：三大從句中，錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)往往設(shè)置在引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）的選擇上。1名詞性從句1）主語從句To beA frank,

10、thatB is a great relief to have the task fulfilledC in so short a timeD.解析：B 改為 it。本句看似是一個(gè)主語從句，其實(shí) it 為形式主語，后面的不定式為 真正的主語。2）賓語從句I thought the technician was to blameA for the blowingB of the fuse, but I see now howC IwasD mistaken.解析：Chow 改為 that。that 為賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞。2定語從句1） 關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞的誤用The new hotel has er

11、ectedA a beautiful building withB recreation areas and conferencefacilities on the top floor in whichC the finest view of the city can be obtainedD.解析： C 改為 where 或 from which 或 on which。the finest view of the city canbe obtained 為完整的句子，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞或介詞 +關(guān)系代詞連接，先行詞 floor 指地點(diǎn)。2） 成分多余They pointed outA the d

12、amagewhichB they supposed thatC had been done by last nightsD storm.解析： C 去掉 that 。本句中關(guān)系代詞 which 為定語從句的主語， they supposed 為插 入語， had been done 為謂語，故 that 多余。3)缺少關(guān)系代詞Accounts ofA scientific experiments are generally correct forB those write aboutC scienceare careful in checkingD the accuracy of their

13、reports.解析：C 改為 who write about 或 writing about 。those 后接 who 引導(dǎo)定語從句。 此外，句中 for 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。3狀語從句注意：常考 unless 。If onlyA the nature of the aging process isB better understood, the possibility ofdiscoveringC a medicine that can block the fundamental process of aging seemsD veryremote.解析： A 改為 unless ，表示“

14、除非”。(5)虛擬語氣 if 條件句中連詞被錯(cuò)誤地省略I shouldA not have recognized theB man evenC you had toldD me his name.解析：C 改為 even if 或 even though。本句主句、從句均對(duì)過去虛擬。 賓語從句中未能正確使用虛擬語氣I d rather you would goA by train, because I cant bearB the idea of yourbeingC in an airplane in suchD bad weather.解析：Awould go 改為 went。would

15、rather后賓語從句對(duì)現(xiàn)在、將來虛擬均用一般過去時(shí)。(6)被動(dòng)語態(tài)1該使用被動(dòng)，卻誤用主動(dòng)To understand the situation completelyArequiresB more thought than has givenCthus farD.解析： C 改為 has been given 。 thought 與 give 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。此外，應(yīng)注意本 句主語為動(dòng)詞不定式。2該使用主動(dòng)，卻誤用被動(dòng)If it doesn tA rain withinB the next few weeks, the cropsC will have to be watered if th

16、eyare to be survivedD.解析：Dto be survived 改為 to survive 。survive 無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 常考 last, appear, arise, breakout, occur 等，不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)。(7)時(shí)態(tài)He also conceivedA that the solar system and the universe would comeB into existencebyC a natural process and would disappearD one day.解析：Bwould come 改為 had come。太陽系與宇宙已經(jīng)形成，

17、再加上conceived 為 一般過去時(shí)，故其后從句用過去完成時(shí)。(8)動(dòng)詞的誤用For him to be re electedA, what is essential is not that his policy worksB, but thatC thepublic believe that it isD.解析：Dis 改為 does。does 代指前面動(dòng)詞 works。注意句中平衡一致結(jié)構(gòu) not that, butthat 。(9)主謂不一致Although a great number of houses in that area are stillA in need of rep

18、airB, there have beenC improveme nt in the facilitiesD.解析：C 改為 has been。本題中 improvement 為抽象的名詞，屬于不可數(shù)名詞，故 謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)。注意：本句中 repair 為名詞。(10)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)誤用Much althoughA I have traveled, I have n ever see n anyone to equalB her in thorough ness,whateverCthe jobD.解析：AMuchalthough 改為 Muchas?？谠E：引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，although 不

19、可倒， as 必須倒，though 可倒可不倒。(11)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Beethove n, the great musicia n, wroteA nine sympho nies in his life, most of them werewritte nB after he had lostC his heari ngD.cattle, police, poultry，deer。解析： Dwere written 改為 written 。本句中獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的主語 most of them 與write 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用過去分詞 written 。(12)詞性誤用 未能正確使用副詞It s

20、 essential that people beApsychologicalB able to resist the impact brought aboutC bythe transition from plannedD economy to market economy.解析： B 改為 psychologically 。 able 為形容詞，應(yīng)該由副詞修飾， psychological 為形容詞。注意：句中 esse ntial 為虛擬語氣標(biāo)志詞；pla nn ed eco nomy 表示“計(jì)劃 經(jīng)濟(jì)”。 未能正確使用形容詞All those left undoneA may soun

21、d greatlyB in theory, but even the truest believerC hasgreat difficulty whenD it comes to specifics.解析： B 改為 great 。 sound 為系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語。(13)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞的誤用The data receivedA from the two spacecraftsB whirling around Mars indicateCthat there is much evidence that huge thunderstorms are occurringD abou

22、t the equator ofthe planet.解析： B 改為 two spacecraft 。 spacecraft “宇宙飛船”單復(fù)數(shù)同形。類似用法：（14）代詞誤用（指代錯(cuò)誤）Although Alice has bee nA to the mountains man ytimesB before, she stillC loves visit ingitD.解析：Dvisiting it 改為 visitingthem。them 代替前面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 the mountains。(15)缺少句子成分Despite the fact thatA the South Pole is

23、as snowcoveredB and stormyweatheredC as the North Pole, is colderD tha n the North Pole.解析：B 改為 it is colder。本句缺少主語 it，指代 the South Pole 。(16)句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤高頻考點(diǎn)：使用 Becauseso和 Althoughbut兩個(gè)錯(cuò)誤結(jié)構(gòu)。改正的方法為： 選擇because 和 so 中的任意一個(gè)，或 although 和 but 中的任意一個(gè)。Although Professor Green s lectures usually ran overA the fif

24、tyminuteBperiod, but noneC of his stude nts eve nD objected as they found his lectures both informative and in terest ing.解析：Cbut none 改為 none。(17)冠詞誤用“ I con sidered itAa honorB to be in vited to addressC the meet ing of worldfamousD scientists,” said Professor Leacock.解析：Aa honor 改為 an honor。元音前（且

25、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）用冠詞 an。二、練習(xí)題：辨認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤并改正試題1. I cannot hardlyA believe it whenB I saw it withC my own eyesD.2.The eruptionsA of Mt. St. Helens were enough severeB to cause numerousCdeathsD.3. Everything could destroyA if he had not calledB the firemenC when the fire broke outD.4.Of allAthe Native AmericansBinC th

26、e United States, the Navajos form largestD group.5. Having returnedA from BerlinB, he recieves no telephone callC, neitherD.6. In the early 1960 sA the Civil Rights movement madeB great efforts forregisteringC members of minorities to voteD.7. In the nineteenth centuryA the Mohave Indians livedB in

27、the Northern HemispheregrewC their crops on river bottom landsD.8. Approximately fifty percent of the packageAutilizedB in the United States are for foodsCand beveragesD.9. Anne couldn t concentrate inA what she was doingBwhileC her family wereD watchingTV.10. We were struckA by the extent toB which

28、 teachers decisions served theinterests of the school rather thanCthatD of the students.11. The gree nestA and pie ntifulestB leaves areC the leaves of grassesD.12. Ballo on observatio nsA for militaryB in tellige nee were madeCwhileD theAmerica n Civil War.13.For een turies,musieA have played acous

29、tical guitars, whichprodueeBso undC from the vibrati onD of the stri ngs.14. They dema ndedA that the right to voteBis give nC to every adult pers onD.15. The farA away we get from the earthB, the thi nnerC the air becomesD.16. As research tech niq uesA become more adva ncedB, theC nu mber of ani ma

30、ls usingDin experime nts may decrease.17. In 1991, after the gulf war, Bush s approval ratingA reached 91 percent, the highestBlevel recordedC since polli ng were begu nD in the 1930s.18. It is a wellknown fact thatA a pers on will moveB in a circle whe n hecannot use his eyes con trolChisD directi

31、on.19. The n ati ons that haveA actively invo IvedB in earthquake predicti onCprograms in cludeD Japa n, Chi na, Russia, and the Un ited States.20. SupposedA he does not comeB, shallC we go withoutD him?21. A man cannot be really happy if whatA he enjoys to doB is ignored by societyC as ofDno value

32、or importa nee.22. It is reported that there are at least three sig ns thatAi ndicateB the pers on is sufferedCfrom a panic attack rather tha nD a heart attack.23. If he accepts the jobA, he would getBmoreC money right awayD.24. How surpris ingA the people who thought tomatoes pois onous would be if

33、they could knowB that millions of pounds of tomatoes wereC supplied to soldiers overseasduri ngD World War II.25. On the averageA, males score highB tha n females onC tests that measuremathematical reas oning, mecha ni cal ability, and problemsol ving skillsD.26. Experime nts have to makeA un derBca

34、refullyCc on trolledD con diti ons.27. SheA is soB a good teacher thatC all the stude nts likeD her.28. A life livi ngA without fan tasyB and daydream ingC is a reallyD poor lifein deed.29. Large orA fat people who wantB to look smallC tha n they are usually weardark clothesD.30. You had better toAb

35、ri ngBe no ughC money withD you.31. Having notA got eno ugh han dsB, she had great difficultyC in accomplish ingD thetask .32. The effectA of rapid travel on the body isB actually far disturbingC than we realizeD .33. Many otherA new tech niq ues areB available that en able more research to doC in t

36、hetest tubeD34. I think itA necessary forB him finishingC the work inD time.35. I know Jonathan quite wellA and never doubt whetherB he can do aC good job of itD.36. She died when she was ninetyA, not of old age, but ofB head injury when she fellCdown a flightD of stairs.37. Let s begin the lessonAa

37、tB the place whereC we left outD last time.38. I was inA the point of telephoningB him whenC his letter arrivedD.39. His remarksA left meBwonderCaboutD his real purpose.40.Beethoven is my favoriteA musician. I regard him asBmore superior toCotherDmusicians.41. In no country moreA than Britain, it ha

38、s been said, can oneB experience four seasonsin the courseC of aD single day.42. AtA seeing theB damage he had doneC, the child felt ashamedD.43. To believeA it or not, his discovery hasB created a stirC in scientific circlesD.44. When I caught him cheatA I stopped buyingB things there and started d

39、ealingC withanotherD shop.45. As beingA announced in today s papersB, the Shanghai Export CommoditiesFair is also openC on SundaysD.46. It is reported that the mostAadoptedB children want to knowCwhoD their naturalparents are.47. I have kept that portrait whichA I can see it every day, asB it always

40、 reminds me ofC myuniversity daysD in London.48. Jean doesn t want to workA right away because she thinks that if she has to getB a jobshe probablyC wouldn t be able to see her friends veryoftenD.49. I hope all the precautions againstA air pollution, whileB suggested byCthe local government, will be

41、 seriouslyD considered here.50. We object forA punishing aB whole group forConeD person s fault.51. The director wasA critical atBthe wayC we were doingD the work.52.Mr. Wilson said that he didA not want toB take inC any further responsibilitiesD.53. TheA last time we hadB a family reunion was inC m

42、y brother s weddingceremonyD four years ago.54. A quiet studentA as he mayBbe, he talks a lot aboutC his favorite singers after classD.55. PublishingA as it was atB such a time, his workC attracted muchattentionD.56. He got up, walked acrossA the room, and withB a sharp quick movemenflungC thedoor w

43、idely ope nD.57. His victory in the fin alA was no moreBc on vi ncedC tha n I had expectedD.58. Her wallet has bee n stole nAfrom her uni ocked carB, on lyC because of hercareless nessD.59. Whe n the tank car carriedA the pois onous gas ran offB the rails, thefireme n tried to isolate the village fr

44、omC all trafficD.60. No soon erAhad they reachedB there tha nC they are orderedD to retur n to London.61. It is en courag in gAto no teB that in rece nt years, cigarette smokers havebee n in the decli neC, especially among olderD people.62. NoA bank keeps eno ughB cash pay ingC all its depositors in

45、 fullD at one time.63.MagazinesA provide theB great variety of advertisementsCanden terta inment as well asD in formati on.64.This is the most importantrespect whichA civilized manB can bedist in guished fromC primitive com mun itiesD.65. AsA a bad tempered man, he would n ot tolerateB hav ing his l

46、ecturesin terruptedas ifC he were someobscure can didate mak ingD an electi on speech.66. The boy is constantly being toldA not to scratch the paint offB the wall, but he goes onto doC it all the sameD.67. The parcel you post must be well packedA. Inadequate packing can meanB delay,damage orC loss a

47、t your expensesD.68. The radio was of soA inferior quality thatB I took it backC and asked for a better oneD.69. Alice was havingA trouble to controlB the children because there wereC so manyD ofthem.70. John s chance of being electedAchairmanB of the committee is farC greater thanDickD.71. There ar

48、e many valuable servicesA which the public are willing to pay forB, but whichdoes not bringC a return in moneyD to the community.72. He was seeingA somebodycreepingB into the house throughC the openDwindow lastnight.73. The reason forA all theB changes being madeChasnot explainedD to us yet.74.Even

49、thoughA the children pretended asleepB, the nurses were notdeceivedCwhenD they came into the room.75. There is aA delicate balance of nature whichB many square miles of ocean andvegetation and clean air are neededC to maintain only a relatively fewD human beings.76.The idea thatA learning is aB life

50、long process has expressedC by philosophers andeducationalists throughoutD the centuries.77. Nobody besideAlittleB children thinksC that a trip by bus is excitingD.78. In the teachingA of mathematics, the way of instruction is generallytraditional, withB teachers presenting formalC lectures and stud

51、ents takeD notes.79. The teacher asked themA who had completedB their tests to leaveC the room asquietlyD as possible.80. ManA has used metals for centuries in gradualB increasing quantities,but it was not until the Industrial Revolution thatC they cameto be employedD in real vastquantities.81. If y

52、ou want your film to properly processA, you ll have to wait and pick it upB on Friday,whichCisD the day after tomorrow.82. Young readers, more often than notA, find the novels ofB Dickens farC more excitingthan ThackerayD.83. People cannot butA feel puzzlingB, for they simply cannotC understand how

53、he couldhave madeD such a stupid mistake.84.Nowhere but in Europe we have seenAthe resultsBso clearlyC, which really havesurprised us allD.85. The amount of pressureAwhichB the materials are subjectC to affectD the quality ofthe products.86. I regret having leftA the work unfinishedB; I should planC

54、 everything aheadD carefully.87. The problem of unemployment theA governments want solvedB is as serious asC inthese underdevelopedD countries.88. It wasA kind of him to meetB meat the station and droveC meto his homeD.89. It was not so muchAthe many blows he received forB the lack of fightingC spir

55、it that ledto his losingD the game.90. IfA carefully doingB, the experiments willC be successfulD.91. Not untilA she got toB the classroom, she foundC that she had forgottenD to bring herbooks.92. He boughtA a lot of books, noneB of themC he has ever readD.93. I don t think itA advisable that he will be assignedB to the job since he has noCexperience whatsoeverD.94. Mr. Jankin regretted to blameA his secretary forB the mistake, forC he laterdiscoveredD it was his own fault.95. At timesA, more care goes intoB the composition of newspaper and magazineadvertisements than the writingC of