大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第一冊(cè)-unit-5-I-Never-Write-RightPPT課件

1、2021/7/241Linda StaffordI Never Write Right2021/7/242Content Background information Part division of the text Questions and answers Text analysis Words and expressions2021/7/243Background information About the author Chicken soup Grading System in the US Webster Dictionary2021/7/244Linda StaffordNam

2、e Year of birth Occupation Education Theme of her Works Linda Stafford 1943 a native American writer University of Alaska, 1969University of New Mexico, 1967University of Texas, 1966University of Colorado, 1961 hope, optimism, never giving up 2021/7/245Native AmericansThe first people to live in Nor

3、th America were the American Indians, or Native Americans.2021/7/246Linda Stafford (1943-) Linda Stafford is a native American writer. After birth she was abandoned by her mother and raised by her grandmother.She attended several universities during the 1960s. The Theme of her Works is hope, optimis

4、m, never giving up .2021/7/247 Crying Wind and My Searching Heart are two her autobiographical novels which base on her own experiences with poverty and prejudice, and her search to find herself. The two books have been translated into over a dozen foreign languages. All of her books have a message

5、of hope and not giving up, because things will get better. She likes to leave readers with a smile and a happy ending.2021/7/2482021/7/249Chicken Soup for the Soul Chicken Soup for the Soul is a series of books, usually featuring a collection of short stories. Short motivational essays are also feat

6、ured. The 101 stories in the first book of the series were compiled by motivational speakers Jack Canfield and Mark Victor Hansen.Volumes issued: Chicken Soup for the Pre-Teen Soul Chicken Soup for the Prisoners Soul Chicken Soup for the Volunteers Soul Chicken Soup for the Soul at Work 2021/7/24101

7、998 New York Times Business Bestseller! Over 1 Million copies sold worldwide! It is a collection of true stories from people in businesses, organizations, factories, schools and hospitals, who are not afraid to bring their soul to work. At times funny, touching, wise and inspiring, these tales show

8、the daily courage, compassion(同情，憐憫) and creativity that take place in workplaces everywhere. Chicken Soup for the Soul at Work is a rich resource for those of us who want a life-affirming(積極向上的，理智的) workplace. 2021/7/2411In many countries including the United States, grades are given on an A-F syst

9、em where A is best and F is worst. The letter E is typically omitted, since an F can be turned into an E by drawing a small line at the bottom of the letter, and because E traditionally stood for Excellent but would be very poor on an A-F system. An F grade is failing and results in denial of course

10、 credit, while a D is poor, but passing. Most U.S. colleges require grades of C or better in ones major, as well as a 2.0 (C) grade point average. A = excellent B = good C = average D = poor F = failure Grading System in the US The A-F system2021/7/2412Webster Dictionary In 1806, Noah Webster publis

11、hed his first dictionary. His great dictionary, An American Dictionary of the English Language, appeared in two volumes in 1828. This work included 12,000 words and 40,000 definitions that had never before appeared in a dictionary. 2021/7/2413 Born in West Hartford, Connecticut in 1758, Noah Webster

12、 came of age during the American Revolution and was a s t r o n g a d v o c a t e o f t h e Constitutional Convention（制憲會(huì)議）. He believed fervently（熱忱地）（熱忱地）in the developing cultural independence of the United States, a chief part of which was to be a distinctive American language with its own idiom

13、, pronunciation, and style. 2021/7/2414Part Division of the TextMain IdeaParasPart 11 526 15316 19The authors dream to be a writer.Difficulties and success she experienced in realizing her dream.The secret of her successful writing career.2021/7/2415 1. What did the author announce to the class? She

14、 was going to write and illustrate her own books. 2. How did the students react? Half of them fell out of their chair laughing 3. What did the English teacher say? Silly, not genius, D this semesterQuestions and Answers(1-2)2021/7/2416 1. How did I feel at that time? Embarrassed and burst into tears

15、. 2. Did I quit my dream of writing? No, a short sad poem about broken dreams and mailed it. 3. Was the poem published? Yes, and I got 2 dollars.Questions and Answers(3)2021/7/2417 1. How did I feel? And how did the teacher and students think of the published poem？ I was astonished and proud. The ot

16、hers laughed and the teacher said it was only plain dumb luck. 2. How did I think of her success? I had tasted it and I felt good. Actions speaks louder than words.Questions and Answers(3-5)2021/7/2418Questions and Answers(6-10) Why didnt she mention her writing to her teachers, friends and her fami

17、ly after she published something?Because in her mind, they are dream killers. If she had to choose between her friends and her dreams, shed like to choose her dreams.2. How did her new friend encourage her to write?By making her be self-confident.3. Did Linda find it easy to write a book when she li

18、ved on a farm in Oklahoma?No. She had a lot of daily household chores to do on the farm and it took her nine months to finish a book.2021/7/24194. What did Linda receive from the publisher a month after she sent the manuscript of her first book?She received a contract, an advance on royalties and a

19、request to start working on another book.5. Was her first book well received? How do you know?Yes. It was translated into 15 languages and sold worldwide. She appeared on TV show and traveled from New York to California and Canada on promotion tour, it even became required reading in Native American

20、 School in Canada.Questions and Answers(11-14)2021/7/24201. With what qualifications did I get success?No college learning experience, no degree, no qualification, no genius, not gifted, not write right, not disciplined, less time in writing.2. What did I use when I was writing?No thesaurus, small d

21、ictionary, electric typewriter, no word processor.Questions and Answers(16-19)2021/7/2421 How did I think of writing? Its fun, everyone can do it if he sets his mind on it.2021/7/2422 For paragraph 1 Half of the students nearly fell out of their chairs laughing. Translate the sentence. 一半同學(xué)大笑不止，差點(diǎn)從座

22、位上摔出去一半同學(xué)大笑不止，差點(diǎn)從座位上摔出去。2021/7/2423For paragraph 1. Grading System in the US The A-F System In many countries including the United States, grades are given on an A-F system where A is best and F is worst. The letter E is typically omitted, since an F can be turned into an E by drawing a small line a

23、t the bottom of the letter, and because E traditionally stood for Excellent. An F grade is failing, while a D is poor, but passing. Most U.S. colleges require grades of C or better in ones major.2021/7/2424 For paragraph 2 And you are getting a D this semester. 你這學(xué)期你這學(xué)期將會(huì)拿到一個(gè)將會(huì)拿到一個(gè)D。 How to understa

24、nd the present continuous tense （現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）in this sentence? 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來(lái)表示計(jì)劃將來(lái)發(fā)生的事情?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來(lái)表示計(jì)劃將來(lái)發(fā)生的事情。 More examples: 1.Were leaving on Tuesday. 2.Professor Smith is giving a lecture this afternoon.2021/7/2425 For paragraph 3 That night I wrote a short, sad poem about broken dreams 那天夜里，我寫(xiě)了一首短的哀傷的關(guān)于

25、我那天夜里，我寫(xiě)了一首短的哀傷的關(guān)于我破碎夢(mèng)想破碎夢(mèng)想的詩(shī)。的詩(shī)。 I was a published and paid writer! 我是一個(gè)我是一個(gè)出版過(guò)作品出版過(guò)作品并且并且拿到過(guò)稿費(fèi)拿到過(guò)稿費(fèi)的作家。的作家。 I had scrapbooks filled with my published work.（para. 6）（）（我發(fā)表過(guò)的作品）我發(fā)表過(guò)的作品） I tied a string around the diaper box and mailed it without a self-addressed stamped envelope.（para. 13）（）（一個(gè)寫(xiě)上自己地

26、址、貼上郵票一個(gè)寫(xiě)上自己地址、貼上郵票的信封）的信封）2021/7/2426For paragraph 6with a c-minus average平均分為平均分為C減減I had scrapbooks filled with my work. Analyze the structure of the sentence.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作作后置后置定語(yǔ)修飾前面的名詞定語(yǔ)修飾前面的名詞scrapbooks 。貼滿(mǎn)了我的作品的貼滿(mǎn)了我的作品的剪貼簿。剪貼簿。One more example: Those elected as committee members will attend t

27、he meeting.那些被選為委員會(huì)成員那些被選為委員會(huì)成員的人將參加會(huì)議。的人將參加會(huì)議。2021/7/2427 For paragraph 7 But sometimes you do find a friend. 但有時(shí)候你但有時(shí)候你確實(shí)能找到確實(shí)能找到一個(gè)朋友一個(gè)朋友 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞do 可以用在動(dòng)詞之前來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；可以用在動(dòng)詞之前來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)； 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞do也可以用在祈使句之前表示你想讓某人做某事或接受也可以用在祈使句之前表示你想讓某人做某事或接受某事物。某事物。 1) I do hope your dream to become a writer will come true.

28、2) It does require a great effort of will to give up smoking. 3) Do be more careful next time. 4) Now, then! Do stop that noise! 5) The young writer did get her novel finished in three weeks.2021/7/2428 For paragraph 11 It took nines months, just like a baby. Paraphrase the sentence. It took nine mo

29、nths to write my first book, just as it takes nine months to have a baby. 2. What does the sentence imply? It wasnt easy for me to write a book.2021/7/2429 For paragraph 12 The letter I enclosed read：“I write this book myself, and I hope you like it.” Translate the sentence. 我附上一封信，上面寫(xiě)道我附上一封信，上面寫(xiě)道：“

30、這本書(shū)是我自己寫(xiě)的，這本書(shū)是我自己寫(xiě)的，希望你喜歡它。希望你喜歡它?！?021/7/2430 For paragraph 13 I tied a string around the diaper box and mailed it without a self-addressed stamped envelope, and without making a copy of the manuscript. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 我用一根繩子扎好我用一根繩子扎好尿布盒尿布盒就把它寄了出去，就把它寄了出去，既沒(méi)有附上既沒(méi)有附上一個(gè)寫(xiě)好回信地址貼好郵

31、票的信封，也沒(méi)有把手稿復(fù)印一個(gè)寫(xiě)好回信地址貼好郵票的信封，也沒(méi)有把手稿復(fù)印一份。一份。 Why did the author do like this? The author didnt focus on publication. She just wrote for pleasure. When she mailed something, she didnt care whether it might be published or not.2021/7/2431 For paragraph 13 A month later I received a contract, an advance

32、 on royalties and a request to start working on another book. Translate the sentence.一個(gè)月以后，我收到一個(gè)月以后，我收到一份合同一份合同和和一筆預(yù)支的版稅一筆預(yù)支的版稅，他們，他們還還要求我動(dòng)手寫(xiě)另外一本書(shū)。要求我動(dòng)手寫(xiě)另外一本書(shū)。2021/7/2432 Paragraph 14. I travelled from New York to California and Canada on promotional tours. 為推銷(xiāo)我的書(shū)為推銷(xiāo)我的書(shū)，我到處旅行從紐約到加利，我到處旅行從紐約到加利福尼亞到加拿

33、大。福尼亞到加拿大。 My first book became required reading in Native American schools in Canada. 我的第一本書(shū)還成了我的第一本書(shū)還成了加拿大印第安人學(xué)校加拿大印第安人學(xué)校的的必讀書(shū)必讀書(shū)。2021/7/2433 For paragraph 16 People asked what college I attended, what degree I have, and what qualifications I have to be a writer. 人們問(wèn)我人們問(wèn)我上過(guò)什么大學(xué)上過(guò)什么大學(xué)，拿到過(guò)什么學(xué)位拿到過(guò)什么學(xué)

34、位，有什么有什么資格資格成為一個(gè)作家。成為一個(gè)作家。 I am not disciplined, either, and spend more time with my children and friends than I do wring. 我沒(méi)有接受過(guò)正規(guī)訓(xùn)練我沒(méi)有接受過(guò)正規(guī)訓(xùn)練，在朋友和孩子身上花的時(shí)，在朋友和孩子身上花的時(shí)間要比花在寫(xiě)作上的多。間要比花在寫(xiě)作上的多。2021/7/2434 illustrate: v. 說(shuō)明，給說(shuō)明，給插圖插圖 He quoted some old Chinese sayings to illustrate his points. 他引用了一些中國(guó)諺語(yǔ)

35、來(lái)解釋他的論點(diǎn). I can cite quite a few instances to illustrate. 可以舉出好幾件事來(lái)說(shuō)明. This book is a beautifully illustrated history of science. 這本書(shū)是一本插圖精美的科學(xué)史。 illustration n.2021/7/2435 embarrass: vt. vi （使）窘迫， （使）困難 I dont like making speeches in public; its so embarrassing. He didnt mean to embarrass you. 他不是成心

36、讓你難堪. The Government has been embarrassed by the affair. 這件事給政府出了難題。 embarrassment n.2021/7/2436burst: v.1) (cause to) break suddenly, esp. by pressure from withinThe river burst its banks and flooded the town. 河水沖決了堤岸河水沖決了堤岸, 淹沒(méi)了城鎮(zhèn)。淹沒(méi)了城鎮(zhèn)。2) (cause to) come into the stated condition suddenly, often

37、with forceShe burst through the door into the room. 他從起跑線沖出。他從起跑線沖出。He burst away from the starting line.2021/7/2437NB: burst是個(gè)常用詞，經(jīng)常與其他詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，下面是是個(gè)常用詞，經(jīng)常與其他詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，下面是幾個(gè)與幾個(gè)與burst有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)。有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)。 burst intoburst out of be bursting withburst to do sth.burst in on (upon)burst out doing闖入；爆發(fā)成；突然闖入；爆發(fā)成；突然起來(lái)起來(lái)沖

38、出沖出充滿(mǎn)；擠滿(mǎn)充滿(mǎn)；擠滿(mǎn)急于急于打擾；打斷打擾；打斷突然開(kāi)始突然開(kāi)始2021/7/2438 dumb: adj. 啞的，愚蠢的 She was struck dumb by what she had seen. Are they brave or just dumb? dumb luck 偶然的運(yùn)氣；傻福 Collocation: deaf and dumb 聾啞的 play dumb 裝聾作啞的 be dumb to do sth 做是傻的2021/7/2439latter adj. 后者的；后面的后者的；后面的He was happy in the latter years of lif

39、e. 他晚年生活得很幸福。Hell go to school in the latter part of the year. 后半年他將上學(xué)了。I prefer the former design to the latter.比起后者的設(shè)計(jì)方案,我更喜歡前者的。2021/7/2440random adj.任意的，胡亂的任意的，胡亂的Childrens words and actions are often fairly random.小孩子的言行常常是隨性而為。the random killing of innocent people對(duì)無(wú)辜者的隨意殺戮 random sampling 隨意抽樣

40、n. 任意的行為，無(wú)目的的行為任意的行為，無(wú)目的的行為T(mén)he librarian took a book at random from the shelf.圖書(shū)管理員從書(shū)架上隨便拿了一本書(shū)。恐怖分子向人群胡亂射擊. The terrorists fired into the crowd at random.2021/7/2441enclose vt.vt. 把圍起來(lái)； 附上He enclosed the land with a hedge.他用籬笆把地圈起來(lái)。a courtyard enclosed by the high walls . 被高墻圍起的庭院Please enclose a cu

41、rriculum vitae with your letter of application.請(qǐng)隨你的求職信附上一份簡(jiǎn)歷。Please enclose a stamped self-addressed envelope.2021/7/2442 NB: en-, em- 作為前綴可以加在名詞和形容詞前，作為前綴可以加在名詞和形容詞前，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞。意思為構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞。意思為“將將放入放入/ /上；使上；使成為成為”。 例如：例如： encase-cover completely with a case 把把裝入箱內(nèi)裝入箱內(nèi) enclose-put a wall or a fence around 用墻（

42、或籬笆）圍用墻（或籬笆）圍 empower- give (someone) the right or power to do sth. 授權(quán)（給某人）授權(quán)（給某人）2021/7/2443vi.vi.取得資格；合格取得資格；合格I wont qualify until next year. 我明年才具備資格。我明年才具備資格。Our team has qualified for the semi-final. 我們隊(duì)已有資格進(jìn)入半決賽。我們隊(duì)已有資格進(jìn)入半決賽。vt.vt.使某人具備使某人具備資格資格This test will qualify you to fly an aircraft. 這

43、次考試將使你取得駕駛飛機(jī)的資格。這次考試將使你取得駕駛飛機(jī)的資格。 His knowledge and skills qualify him for the job. 他的知識(shí)和技能使他有資格擔(dān)任這項(xiàng)工作。他的知識(shí)和技能使他有資格擔(dān)任這項(xiàng)工作。His training qualifies him as a lawyer.quality 2021/7/2444qualification n. 資格One of the qualifications you need to work here is a sense of humor.在這里工作你需要的資格之一是要有幽默感。在這里工作你需要的資格之一

44、是要有幽默感。What sort of qualifications do you need for the job?做這項(xiàng)工作需要什么資格做這項(xiàng)工作需要什么資格? ? 2021/7/2445 Collocation excellent qualifications 優(yōu)越的條件 necessary qualifications 必要條件 educational qualifications 學(xué)歷資格 physical qualifications 體格要求 professional qualifications 專(zhuān)業(yè)資格2021/7/2446discipline: vt. train and

45、control the mind and characterIm trying to discipline myself to eat less chocolate.CF: train, educate, teach & discipline這幾個(gè)詞都是動(dòng)詞，都有這幾個(gè)詞都是動(dòng)詞，都有“教育教育”、“培養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)”之意。之意。train 尤其指在藝術(shù)、職業(yè)、技能等方面的教育尤其指在藝術(shù)、職業(yè)、技能等方面的教育及訓(xùn)練。及訓(xùn)練。educate 尤指對(duì)人心智及性格總體上的教育、訓(xùn)練及尤指對(duì)人心智及性格總體上的教育、訓(xùn)練及鍛煉。鍛煉。teach 意思是意思是“教導(dǎo)教導(dǎo)”、“訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練”、“控制（某控

46、制（某人）人）”，尤其用于文學(xué)語(yǔ)中。，尤其用于文學(xué)語(yǔ)中。discipline 意思是意思是“訓(xùn)練或訓(xùn)導(dǎo)訓(xùn)練或訓(xùn)導(dǎo)”、“約束或懲罰約束或懲罰”等。等。2021/7/2447odds: n.可能性；極大的困難His odds are very poor after he sprained his wrist.他扭傷了手腕，獲勝的可能性極小。You win against all odds a prize that makes you a millionaire. Against all odds you win a prize that makes you a millionaire. 戰(zhàn)勝了一切

47、獲得了大獎(jiǎng)成為了百萬(wàn)富翁。2021/7/2448 against all odds 盡管很困難 Against all odds, he finished the work. 盡管很困難,他仍完成了這項(xiàng)工作。 at odds with與與不和不和,與與爭(zhēng)吵爭(zhēng)吵 She is at odds with her boss. 她與上司不和。 It / that makes no odds無(wú)多大差別無(wú)多大差別 Whether they go or stay, it makes no odds. 他們是去是留都沒(méi)多大關(guān)系。 odds and ends零碎東西零碎東西 We bought a few od

48、ds and ends. 我們買(mǎi)了一些零碎的東西。2021/7/2449 fit in 安排時(shí)間做某事或見(jiàn)某人安排時(shí)間做某事或見(jiàn)某人 The council does not support lengthening the school day to fit in other activities. 委員會(huì)不支持通過(guò)延長(zhǎng)在校時(shí)間來(lái)插入其他活動(dòng)。 Doctor Jones can fit you in on Thursday afternoon. Jones醫(yī)生周四下午安排時(shí)間見(jiàn)你。2021/7/2450Have you ever dreamed of becoming a writer, on

49、ly to be put off by fears that you lacked the ability? If so, then reading Linda Staffords story will have you reaching for your pen with renewed hope. 2021/7/2451When I was 15, I announced to my English class that I was going to write and illustrate my own books. Half of the students nearly fell ou

50、t of their chairs laughing.“Dont be silly. Only geniuses can become writers,” the English teacher said. “And you are getting a D this semester.” What did I plan to do in my English class? What did my classmates react? What did my English teacher say?2021/7/2452 I was so embarrassed that I burst into

51、 tears. That night I wrote a short, sad poem about broken dreams and mailed it to the Cappers Weekly. To my astonishment they published it, and sent me two dollars. I was a published and paid writer! I showed my teacher and fellow students. They laughed. “Just plain dumb luck,” the teacher said. How

52、 did I feel at that time? What did I do that night? How was the result of my poem? How did my teacher and classmates think of my achievement?2021/7/2453Id tasted success. Id sold the first thing Id ever written. That was more than any of them had done, and if it was “just plain dumb luck,” that was

53、fine with me.How did I think of the achievement?2021/7/2454 During the next two years I sold dozens of poems, letters, jokes and recipes. By the time I graduated from high school (with a C-minus average), I had scrapbooks filled with my published work. I never mentioned my writing to my teachers, fr

54、iends or my family again. They were dream killers. And if people must choose between their friends and dreams, they must always choose the latter. Did I give up my dream of writing? Did I share my success with other people? Why? What is more important, friends or dreams?2021/7/2455 But sometimes you

55、 do find a friend who supports your dreams. “Its easy to write a book,” my new friend told me. “You can do it.”“I dont know if Im smart enough,” I said, suddenly feeling 15 again and hearing echoes of laughter.“Nonsense!” she said. “Anyone can write a book if they want to.” Did I have supporters? Ho

56、w did my new friend say about writing?2021/7/2456 I had four children at the time, and the oldest was only four. We lived on a goat farm in Oklahoma, miles from anyone. All I had to do each day was take care of four kids, milk goats, and do the cooking, laundry and gardening. While the children slep

57、t, I typed on my ancient typewriter. I wrote what I felt. It took nine months, just like a baby. What can you learn about my family from this part? What did I do at night? What did I say about my book?2021/7/2457 I chose a publisher at random and put the manuscript in an empty diapers package, the o

58、nly box I could find. The letter I enclosed read: “I wrote this book myself, and I hope you like it. I also drew the illustrations. Chapters 6 and 12 are my favorites. Thank you.”How did I send the book to the publisher? 2021/7/2458I tied a string around the diaper box and mailed it without a self-a

59、ddressed stamped envelope, and without making a copy of the manuscript. A month later I received a contract, an advance on royalties and a request to start working on another book.Crying Wind became a bestseller, was translated into 15 languages and sold worldwide. I appeared on TV talk shows during

60、 the day and changed diapers at night. I traveled from New York to California and Canada on promotional tours. My first book also became required reading in Native American schools in Canada. Was I sure that my book would be accepted? What was the result of my book? 2021/7/2459 It took six months to wri