Unit-9-The-British-MediaPPT課件

1、2021/7/241Unit 9 The British MediaBritish NewspapersThe Broadcast Media2021/7/242How do British people spend their free time?lWatch televisionlRead newspaperslListen to the radio2021/7/243The most popular leisure activity In the evening, most Britons settle down to watch some television: 96% of the

2、population watch TV at least once a week.2021/7/244The second most popular pastime For most British people, most days begin with a look at the morning news- paper. On an average day, 90% of Britons over the age of 15 read a national or local paper. 2021/7/245The third most popular pastime The third

3、most popular pastime, after watching television and reading newspaper, is listening to the radio, an activity in which 73% of the population engages in on a weekly basis. 2021/7/246Brainstorming What functions do you think the media have?lProvide people with information about political and social is

4、sueslProvide weather reportslCarry advertisinglUsed for educational purposeslProvide a forum for people to express their viewslSeek advicelGive people entertainmentlServe for the political and economic systemlWork as a monitor2021/7/247The British media plays an important role in:lIn British politic

5、al system: inform the population about problems the country may be facing and what the government is doing to solve such problems.lIn engendering a national culture: people from different field all share the same experience, they could discuss what they had read or seenBritish are all part of the Br

6、itish culture.2021/7/248NewspaperlBackgroundlRelationships lVarietieslRestrictionslChallenges2021/7/249The Background lThe British economy began to industrialize.lThe democratic franchise特權(quán) was extended to larger segments of the population.lLiteracy levels rose through the introduction of mass educa

7、tion.2021/7/2410The Observer觀察家報(bào)觀察家報(bào) It first appeared in 1791. It is published every Sunday. It is the worlds oldest Sunday newspaper.2021/7/24112021/7/2412The TimeslIt began publishing in 1785.lIt is the United Kingdoms oldest daily newspaper.2021/7/24132021/7/2414RelationshipslRelationship betwee

8、n newspapers and politicslRelationship between newspapers and businesslRelationship between newspapers and social people2021/7/2415Relationship between newspapers and politicslWatch dog function:inform the electorate選民選民 about politicskeep an eye on the government ( a free press is considered import

9、ant to the functioning of parliamentary democracy.)lMany analysts criticize the power of the press has usurped(篡奪) the power of parliament.2021/7/2416Relationship between newspapers and businesslNewspapers in UK are first and foremost businesses to earn money, not public services.lCompanies use the

10、press to sell products and services.lIndividual people also uses the press to look for a job, buy house, and find babysitters.2021/7/2417The Advertising CodelEnsure that advertisements are legal, decent, honest and truthful.lHave a sense of responsibility for consumer and society.lRespect the princi

11、ples of fair competition. PS: If enough people complain to the Advertising Standards Board, the company will be told to withdraw the ad.2021/7/2418The relationship between the newspapers and social peoplelClass and educational differences are reflected in the newspaper people read.lBritain has one o

12、f the highest levels of newspaper sales per head of population.lThere are over 1400 different newspapers which cater for a wide range of political views, interests and levels of education, most people will choose to read a newspaper accords with their own feelings.2021/7/2419VarietieslThe quality pr

13、ess嚴(yán)肅報(bào)紙嚴(yán)肅報(bào)紙 (the broadsheets)lThe tabloids (the gutter press)低級趣味報(bào)紙2021/7/2420The quality press (the broadsheets)lcarry more serious and in-depth(深入的) articles of particular political and social importance.lcarry reviews(評論) and feature articles(專題報(bào)道) about high culture. 2021/7/2421Some quality news

14、papers in UKl1、The Times 泰晤士報(bào) l2、The Daily Telegraph 每日電訊報(bào) l3、The Guardian衛(wèi)報(bào) l4、The Financial Times金融時報(bào) l5、Sunday Dispatch星期日電訊報(bào) l6、The Observer觀察家報(bào) l7、The Sunday Times星期日泰晤士報(bào)2021/7/2422 Left wing : The Guardian suggest someone who is left wing and liberal in their politics, and interested in societ

15、y and social issues.(soft寬容 on crime, feminist,具有女性主義觀點(diǎn) interested in green politics)2021/7/24232021/7/2424What is left wing?In politics, left-wing is a term applied to socially progressive and egalitarian(平等主義) positions. In contemporary political discourse, the term the Left usually means either l

16、iberal or socialist. The term is also used to describe social democracy and most forms of anarchism(無政府主義).2021/7/2425Right wing (conservative)：Telegraph電訊報(bào)電訊報(bào)lSuggest someone is right wing and favor free enterprise over social programs.l(support tough sentences for criminals, lack sympathy on singl

17、e mothers)2021/7/2426What is right-wing?lIn politics right-wing is a term applied to conservative, and traditionalist positions. the term right is used to describe groups who stress tradition, fundamentalism and nationalism. 2021/7/2427Some headlines on GuardianslObama should beware the growing ange

18、r in America lUK to become EUs populous country lOur blogs: Join the conversation (The sharpest writing, the liveliest debate)lWe dont need tragedies spiced up活躍 lCity braces for準(zhǔn)備接受 mass G20 protests 2021/7/2428Headlines on TelegraphlPope let down by advisers, claims bishop lJonathan Aitken: Give p

19、rison officers bonuses to rehabilitate criminals lWine ingredients should be listed on the bottle lGoogle Street View: a dangerous gizmo 小發(fā)明lA levy on alcohol is both illogical and unlawful lHeres a really Right-wing idea: learn poetry 2021/7/2429The tabloids (the gutter press)lSmaller format newspa

20、pers with color photos and catchy醒目的 headlines.lDeal in scandals and gossip. (about famous people, carry lots of crime, sports and sensational stories)lThe stories are short, easy to read and often rely more on opinion than fact.2021/7/2430Some tabloids in UKl1、The Daily Express每日快報(bào) l2、 The Daily Ma

21、il 每日郵報(bào) l3、 Daily Mirror 每日鏡報(bào)l4、 The Sunday Express 星期日快報(bào)l5、 The News of the World 世界新聞報(bào)2021/7/2431News of the Worldis Britains biggest seller2021/7/2432The headquarterslFleet Street Until the 1980s, almost all the national newspaper had their headquarters on or around Fleet Street.newspaper culture

22、 “Fleet Street” or the Street of Shame羞恥街lSome newspapers are available internationally2021/7/2433Fleet StreetlFleet Street is a street in central London, United Kingdom, named after the River Fleet, a stream that now flows underground. It was the home of the British press until the 1980s. Even thou

23、gh the last major British news office, Reuters, left in 2005, Fleet Street continues to be used as a metonymy for the British national press. 2021/7/2434Is British press totally “free”?lWhile officially speaking the British press is “free” from government control and censorship and can print what it

24、 likes, there are limits to what will appear in the daily paper.The example of the former chairman of the KGB,克格勃，蘇聯(lián)國家安全委員會 the Soviet Secret Service, said: youll never find in a British newspaper who meets who.2021/7/2435The RestrictionlThe lawslThe Official Secrets Act2021/7/2436The lawslMany Brit

25、ish laws limit the freedom of the pressContempt of courts lawLaws of libel and defamation2021/7/2437The Official Secrets ActlThe media is also affected by the Official Secrets Act which stipulates(規(guī)定)that all government information is kept secret unless the government says it can be released.2021/7/

26、2438 ChangeslNewspapers are now facing challenges The development of television and the Internet provides us with more choicesDecline in advertising revenue Online editions of newspapersHowever ,many people still maintain their habit of reading a newspaper2021/7/2439 The Broadcast MediaTelevision an

27、d Radio2021/7/2440The Broadcast Media 2 parts of broadcast media TelevisionRadio2021/7/2441British TelevisionlThe third most popular leisure pastime: people spend 4 hours a day watching TV.lTV listings and reviews of programs are widely read on newspapers.lTV has a very important and great impact in

28、 British culture and society.2021/7/2442Functions of British Broadcast MedialEntertainment lProvide British people with information about political and social issues;lProvide weather reports;lCarry advertising;lUsed for educational purposes;2021/7/2443Programs on TVlNews, entertainment and sport are

29、 the favorites. Various kinds of programs including daily news, weather forecasts and the extremely popular live broadcast of the National Lottery each week.lComedy, drama and game shows are also favored by many people.2021/7/2444Special Features of British BroadcastlLimited number of television cha

30、nnels compared with the US. (Purpose: to help unify the entire country, avoid concentrations of media power in the hands of a few.)lSatellite TV is not as popular or as widely available as the US.2021/7/2445British National broadcasters:Public broadcastinglBBC (British Broadcasting Corporation)l2 na

31、tional television channels (with national and regional sub-divisions)l5 national radio stationslCable and digital TV channelsl40+ local radio stationslGlobal enterprises in both television and radio, & a broadcast monitoring servicelEuropes most visited content web site2021/7/2446British Nationa

32、l broadcasters: Private broadcastinglIndependent Television ITV (the Channel 3 companies): 15 regionally based franchisees local and national (network) services; GMTVa breakfast network service; 2 companiesCarlton and Granada (12 franchises) lChannel 4: hybrid public service, minority interest servi

33、ce; revenueadvertising sales (Wales, Sianel Pedwar Cymru S4C)lChannel 5: A fifth terrestrial channel: April 1997; a commercial operation carrying advertising2021/7/2447The main channelslBBC 1 - since 1936, general interest programmes.lBBC 2 - minority and specialist interests.lITV (Channel 3 since 1

34、955) approximately 33% informative and 66% light entertainment.lChannel 4 - since 1982, 15% educational programmes, encourages innovation and experiment.lChannel 5 since 19972021/7/2448 lBBC is a public company funded by license fees. lEvery year television viewers must pay a license fee to watch tv

35、. This money helps fund the BBC.lOther networks include ITV and Channel 52021/7/2449BBC(British Broadcasting Corporation)Founded in 1927 by licenses fees as a public radio station, Because the BBC is founded by license fees, there are technically no commercials, although between shows there are trai

36、lers預(yù)告片 for upcoming shows and promotions for products associated with the BBC, later move into TV.Renamed BBC1 when sister channelBBC was launched in 1964.2021/7/2450BBC 1Specialises in shows with broad appeal, suchas sports, entertainment, currentaffairs, dramas, and kids shows.Currently the most

37、watched television channel in the United Kingdom.2021/7/2451BBC 2Aims at a wide range of subject matter and interests.Specialises in intelligent yet popular programme genres.2021/7/2452New development in media technologieslBBC3,BBC4 both launched after the beginning of the 21st century.lIn November

38、2008,all standard BBC television channels were made available to watch online.2021/7/2453BBC 3A television channel from the BBC broadcastingvia digital cable, IPTV and satellite platforms.The channel is an outlet for new drama, talent shows, comedy, films, etc2021/7/2454BBC 4Available to digital tel

39、evision viewers in the UK.Shows a wide variety of programmes including drama, documentaries, music,international film, comedy and current affairs,an alternative to programmes on the mainstream TV channels.2021/7/2455Nowadays The BBC is no longer just about TV shows, it is a multimedia business with

40、wide publishing and educational interests. Not only can you watch BBC shows about cars, pop music, cooking, holiday and gardening, but you can buy magazines which complement the shows by providing further information, recipes, and competitions.2021/7/2456 Arm(分部分部) lThe international arm of the BBC

41、is the BBC World service,which Broadcasts in English and 43 other languages throughout the world.Its global weekly audience is estimated to be at least 140 million people.2021/7/2457TV plays an important role in British politics.lThe change of the whole style of politics on TV.l The Conservative Partys attitude towards TV.lThe change of the House of Commons attitude towards TV.lPoliticians from all parties spend a lot of time worrying about their