初中英現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解練習(xí)及答案教程文件

1、此文檔僅供收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一、 考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)回顧【詞匯辨析】1.be famous for和 be famous asbe famous for 表示 “因 而出名 ”， for 后接表示出名的原因be famous as 則表示 “以 身份而著名 ”，as 后接職業(yè)、身份或地位，表示作為 職業(yè)、身份或地位是著名的eg. France is famous for its fine food and wine.法國(guó)以其佳肴和美酒著名。France is famous as a romantic country 法國(guó)作為一個(gè)浪漫的國(guó)家而出名。2.hard 與 hardly

2、hardadv.“努力地，費(fèi)力地，辛苦地”,如：He works hard. 他努力工作。hardadj.“努力的，辛苦的” ,如：It s a hard work. 這是一項(xiàng)辛苦的工作。hardly 否定副詞，意思為“幾乎不 ”，表示否定含義,如： He works hardly.他幾乎不工作?！竟潭ù钆洹?加 -ingbe good at doing sth擅長(zhǎng)做某事eg:He is good at playing the piano.mind doing sth介意做某事eg:Do you mind my opening the door?practice doing sth 練習(xí)做某事

3、eg:My sister practices playing the piano every day.stop doing sth停止做某事eg:The teacher is coming, please stop talking.What/How about doing sth.做某事怎樣eg:What about going to the park this weekend?【現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)】A. 表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?！境Ｓ脮r(shí)間狀語】recently, lately, since+ 時(shí)間點(diǎn) , for+ 數(shù)字 +時(shí)間名詞

4、 , in the past few months/years 等【構(gòu)成】肯定形式： have/has + done否定形式 ： have/has + not +done一般疑問句 ： have 或 has 放于句首B. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說話之前已完成，而對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。eg. The car has arrived.車子來了。（結(jié)果：車子已在門口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗戶打破了。（結(jié)果：窗戶仍破著）區(qū)別： have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去過某

5、個(gè)地方，不過現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了have gone to 表示去了，但還沒有回來，也許是在去的途中have been in 指的是在某個(gè)地方，從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在例如：你以前去過北京么？例如： A: Is Mr.Wang at home?B: No,he is not in,（他去香港了）只供學(xué)習(xí)與交流此文檔僅供收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。常用for 和 since 表示一段時(shí)間的狀語或 so far， now， today， this week (month ， year)等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的狀語。 eg. He has

6、 studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have finished the work.注意： 表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞，如:come， go， die， marry， buy 等的完成時(shí)不能與for， since 等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用。用來持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)或表過去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，如live ，study， be， wait 等，常和since（自從）或for（經(jīng)歷）引導(dǎo)的詞語連用。如： I have lived here for more than thirty years. 我已在此住了30 多年。由

7、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：arrive be herebegin(start) be ondie be deadcome back be back leave be away fall ill(sick, asleep) be ill(sick, asleep)get up be upgo out be outfinish be overput on wear或 be onopen be openjoin be in或 be a member of close be closedgo to school be a studentborrow keepbuy havecatch(a col

8、d) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study studycome to work work二、 典型例題（ ）1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away（ ）2. I _ the League for 5 years so far.A. joinedB. have joinedC. have been in（ ）3.The factory _ since the F

9、ebruary of 1988.A . has been openB. has openedC. was openD. opened（ ）4.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become（ ）5.You mustn't_ until he comes back.A. be awayB. leaveC. be left（ ）6.The meeting _ for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has

10、been over（ ）7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been inB. has come toC. has taught（ ）8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years.A. has beenB. has becomeC. wasD. became（ ）9. I _ home for a week.A. have returnedB. have been backC. returned（ ）10. How long _ he _ ?A. diedB. has, diedC. has, been dead（

11、 ）11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. has sleepD. had slept只供學(xué)習(xí)與交流此文檔僅供收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除（）12.He _ the car for a week.A. boughtB. has boughtC. has had（）13.-How long _ you _ ill ?-Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fellC. have, been（）14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown.A. has leftB

12、. has moved awayC. has been away from（）15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days.A. borrowB. keepC. take三、課后練習(xí) 單項(xiàng)選擇 （） 1、 Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _what's happened to him.A. knewB. have knownC. must knowD. will know（）2、 He has_ been to Shanghai, has he ?A. alr

13、eadyB. neverC. everD. still（）3、 Have you met Mr Li _ ？A. justB. agoC. beforeD. a moment ago（）4、 The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year .A. is writingB. was writingC. wroteD. has written（）5、 Our country _ a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be even _.A. has changed; wellB. changed; goodC

14、. has changed; betterD. changed; better（）6、 Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years .A. was; studyingB. will; studyC. has; studiedD. are; studying（）7、 We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. knowB. had knownC. have knownD. knew（）8、 Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _ it twice.A. will

15、seeB. have seenC. sawD. see（）9、 These farmers have been to the United States . Really? When _ there?A. will they goB. did they goC. do they goD. have they gone（）10、 _ you _ your homework yet?Yes. I _ it a moment ago.A.Did; do; finishedB.Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; havefinishedD.will; do; finis

16、h（）11、 His father _ the club since 1988.A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in（）12、 Do you know her well? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made只供學(xué)習(xí)與交流此文檔僅供收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除（）13、 How long have you _ here? About seven years.A. beenB. goneC. comeD.

17、arrived（）14、 Hurry up! The program _ for five minutes .A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. began（）15、 It _ ten years since he came Chengdu.A. isB. hasC. willD. was（）16、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She _ to the library.A. has goneB. wentC. will goD. has been（）17、 My parents _ Shandong fo

18、r ten years .A. have been inB. have been toC. have gone toD. have been（）18、 He _ for 2 hours.A. got upB. has got upC. has been up（）19、 Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days.A. isB. catchesC. has caughtD. has had（）20、 His grandparents _ for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has star

19、ted to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university漢譯英 1、 吉姆已做完作業(yè)，他現(xiàn)在有空了。2、 他昨天收到一封信。3、 我父親以前到過長(zhǎng)城。4、 她還沒有看過那部新電影。5、 她去過上海。1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作還未結(jié)束，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚攸c(diǎn)在于對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。這種考查難度較大，往往無時(shí)間狀語，需要從上下文分析、推理才行。故上兩側(cè)根據(jù)上下文分析、推理，正確答案是B 。2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already（已經(jīng)）， just （剛剛，正好） ， ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從來，也不；

20、從不），before（以前）， yet（仍然）等連用。故2 應(yīng)選 B 。3、 C4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與recently（近來）， sofar （到目前為止） ， inthepast/“ last 一+段時(shí)間 ”等時(shí)間狀語連用。 因?yàn)樯鲜龆陶Z表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí)間，句中的動(dòng)作是從過去某一時(shí)間或時(shí)刻開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的。故4應(yīng)選 D。5、 C6、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)常與“ for +時(shí)間段或since +過去時(shí)間點(diǎn) ”連用（含從句，從句過去時(shí)）。故 6 應(yīng)選 C。7、 C只供學(xué)習(xí)與交流此文檔僅供收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除8、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還與once（一次）， twice （兩次）， threetimes（三次）， severaltimes（幾次）等表示重復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語連用。故8應(yīng)選 B。9、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)容易混淆，就是因?yàn)樗鼈兯硎镜膭?dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去，但二者又有區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存