小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)大集錦

1、.2016小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)大集錦一、with的用法1、帶著、附加著.(表動(dòng)作特征)。如：Run with the kite like this.2、附加、附帶著.(表事物特征)。如：A glass of apple juice,two glasses of coke,two hanburgers with potato chips,rice and fish.3、和.(某人)一起。(1)根某人一起(居住、吃、喝、玩、交談等)。如;Now I am in China with my parents.Sometimes we go out to eat with our friends.He/S

2、he's talking with a friend.(2)跟go,come連用，有“加入”到某方的意思。如;Do you want to come with me?4、和play一起構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞play with意為“玩耍.，玩弄.”如：Two boys are playing with their yo-yos.5、與help一起構(gòu)成help.with.句式，意為“幫助(某人)做(某事)?！比纾篛n monday and wednesday,he helps his friends with their English.6、表示面部神情，有“含著.，帶著.”如："I

3、9;m late for school,"said Sun Yang,with tears in his eyes.7、表示“用.”如：You play it with your feet.What do the farmers do with machines?8、表示“對(duì).，關(guān)于.”。如：What's wrong with it? There's something wrong with my computer.二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)自述1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is biue.填空是藍(lán)色的。(2)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I

4、 get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。(3)表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。2、構(gòu)成(1)be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其他。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。(2)行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其他)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加“-s”或“-es”。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。3、變化否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句：(1)be動(dòng)詞的變化：否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其他。如：

5、He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其他。如：-Are you a student?-Yes,I am./No,I'm not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?(2)行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其他)。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：-Do you often p

6、lay football?-Yes,I do./No,I don't.擋住與為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work?三、揭開(kāi)“第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)”的秘密1、第三人稱(chēng)代詞he,she,it作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：She is very good at English.她英語(yǔ)學(xué)得好。He studies in a middle school.他在一所中學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。2、單獨(dú)使用的

7、人名、地名或稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：Jim often plays football with his friends.吉姆經(jīng)常和他的朋友們踢足球。Does Uncle Wang like making things王叔叔喜歡做東西嗎?3、不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：It there any juice in the bottle?瓶里有果汁嗎?4、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：The box is in your room.箱子在你的房間里。What is that girl doing over there?那女孩在那邊干什么?5、單個(gè)數(shù)字，算式或單個(gè)字母作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：Three plus nine

8、is twelve.三加九等于十二。"I"is an English letter.“I”是個(gè)英語(yǔ)字母。6、指示代詞this,that等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：This is her red pen.這是她的紅鋼筆。7、代詞one作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：One of them is watching TV.他們中的一個(gè)人正在看電視。8、不定代詞something,anything,nothing等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：There's something wrong with the computer.這臺(tái)電腦壞了。四、“一般過(guò)去時(shí)”亮相1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的概念一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或

9、存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：last year,yesterday等;也可表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often,always等頻率副詞連用。如：I saw him in the street yesday.昨天我在街上看見(jiàn)他了。Li Mei always went to school on foot last year.去年李梅總是步行上學(xué)。2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成：(1)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成有四條規(guī)則：一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀

10、閉音節(jié)，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。如：study studied。(2)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。3、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的幾種句型肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他。如：He went to the toy store yesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。否定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+did not(didn't)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。如：He didn't go to

11、 the toy store yesterday.他昨天沒(méi)有去玩具店。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)：Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?如：(1)-Did you go to Beijing last week? -Yes,we did.(No,we didn't.)(2)-Did you meet the businessman before? -No,I didn't.(Yes,I did.)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)：疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?如：(1)-What did you do last night? -I did my homework.(2)-Wher

12、e did you go last week? -I went to Shanghai with my parents.五、一般將來(lái)時(shí)“一般將來(lái)時(shí)”，表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。"be going to",表示“打算，將要”。其中“be”根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)變化派出“is,am,are”?！皌o”是“不定式符號(hào)”，跟在它后面的動(dòng)詞必須是動(dòng)詞原形。1、陳述句(肯定句)在肯定句中，主語(yǔ)+be(am/is/are)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。如：I am going to work hard this term.我打算這學(xué)期努力學(xué)習(xí)。He is going to

13、 buy a new CD after school.我放學(xué)后要去買(mǎi)張新CD。They are going to visit their teacher tommrow.他們明天要去看望他們的老師。在否定句中，要在be的后面加not。I am not going to play football after school.我不打算踢足球。She is not going to watch TV this afternool.今天下午她不打算看電視。We are not going to the cinema at night.我們今晚不看電影。2、一般疑問(wèn)句Be(am,is,are)+主語(yǔ)+g

14、oing to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他，如：-Are you going to read books tonight? -Yes,I am./No,I am not.-Is he going to buy a comic book this morning? -Yes,he is./No,he is not.3、特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞+be(am,is,are)+主語(yǔ)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他，如：-What is she going to do this evening? -She is going to visit her grandparents.-What are they going to

15、 do tomorrow? -They are going to play football.六、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用來(lái)表示正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：be(am,is,are)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞形式，句型：1、陳述句(肯定句)主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+現(xiàn)在分詞，如：I am reading English.我正在讀英語(yǔ)。He is writing.他正在寫(xiě)字。You are running.你正在跑步。2、一般疑問(wèn)句Be(Am,Is,Are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞。如：-Are you singing?你正在唱歌嗎? -Yes,I am.是的，我在唱歌。(No,I'm not.不，

16、我不在唱歌。)-Is he(she) listening to music?他(她)在聽(tīng)音樂(lè)嗎? -Yes,he(she) is.是的，他(她)在聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。(No,he(she) isn't.不，他(她)不在聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。)3、特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞+be(am,is,are)+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞，如：-What are you doing?你正在干什么? -I am doing my homework.我正在做作業(yè)。-What is he(she) doing?他(她)正在干什么? -He(She) is riding a bike.他(她)正在騎自行車(chē)。look(看)、listen(聽(tīng))、now(現(xiàn)

17、在)，它們和“我”經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在句子中。如：Look!Jack is swimming.看!杰克正在游泳。Listen!She is singing.聽(tīng)!她正在唱歌。I am cleaning my room now.現(xiàn)在，我正在打掃房間。七、一般疑問(wèn)句1、概念：能用yes/no(或相當(dāng)于yes/no)回答的問(wèn)句叫一般疑問(wèn)句。2、含系動(dòng)詞be的一般疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成具體地說(shuō)，就是當(dāng)陳述句中有am/is/are時(shí)，可直接將它們提至主語(yǔ)前，但如遇第一人陳，最好將其置換成第二人稱(chēng)。如：I'm in Class 2,Grade 1.Are you in Class2,Grade 1?你是在一年級(jí)二班嗎?

18、3、含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句前面人人平等：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與am/is/are一樣，也可直接將它們提至主語(yǔ)前。I can spell it.-Can you spell it?你會(huì)拼寫(xiě)它嗎?4、含實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)含實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成稍微有點(diǎn)講究，要在首句加do;如逢主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)形式“v-(e)s”時(shí)，奉does為座上賓并要變回原形(如has-have，likes-like等);有時(shí)陳述句中的some還要變作any等。如：She lives in Beijing.-Does she live in Beijing?她住在北京嗎?I like English.-Do you like English?你喜歡英語(yǔ)嗎?5、少數(shù)口語(yǔ)化的一般疑問(wèn)句如問(wèn)一個(gè)與前文相同的問(wèn)句時(shí)，可省略成“And you?”或“What/How about.?”等;甚至只抓住關(guān)鍵詞，讀作升調(diào)。如：Your pen?你的鋼筆? 6、一般疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)調(diào)大部分的一般疑問(wèn)句都應(yīng)讀作升調(diào)()，并落在最后一個(gè)單詞身上。如：Is it a Chinese car?7、一般疑問(wèn)句的應(yīng)答用yes/no(或相當(dāng)于yes/no的詞)回答，并怎么問(wèn)怎么答(首句為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞am/is/are還是do/does)，簡(jiǎn)略回答時(shí)要注意縮