名詞冠詞數詞及練習100道

1、Nouns（名詞）和Articles（冠詞）Nouns （名詞）1 名詞概述:表示人名、地名、食物名稱以及抽象概念名稱的詞.Liu Xia ng 劉翔Sha nghai 上海 chocolate 巧克力 Expo 世博 future 未來2 名詞分類:|名詞可以根據其意義分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類1專有名詞：獨一無二的個人、事物、地點、團體、機關、組織或國家等的專有名稱.Prince William 威廉王子Indians 印第安人 the Great Wall 長城 Asia 亞洲the Ch in ese Commu nist Party 中國共產黨FIFA 國際足聯(lián) the Un it

2、ed States 美國2普通名詞包括：個體名詞：student 學生 dictionary 字典 panda 熊貓集體名詞：family 家庭 people 人民 class 班級物質名詞：tea 茶 meat 肉 rain 雨 butter 奶油扌由象名詞:frien dship 友誼happ in ess 幸福 progress 進步 victory 勝禾 U 3 名詞的數:：可數名詞和不可數名詞1可數名詞A. 復數構成規(guī)則變化：1） 一般情況下 直接在詞尾加-s： book books bed beds2） 以 s, x, sh, ch 結尾的詞，在詞尾力口 -es：bus buses

3、 boxboxes dishdishes watch watches3 ）以 f 或 fe 結尾的詞，變 f 或 fe 為 v，再在詞尾加-es：leaf leaves knife knives4）以 輔音字母+y結尾的詞 變 y 為 i，再在詞尾加-es: city cites country counties5 ）以 元音字母+o ”結尾的詞在詞尾加-s;以輔音字母 +o 結尾的詞大多在詞尾力口 -es: hero heroes potato potatoes tomato-tomatoesB. 復數構成不規(guī)則變化：1） 元音發(fā)生變化：foot feet goose geese woman

4、 women mouse mice2） 詞尾發(fā)生變化：child childrenoxoxen3） 單復數 同形:fish fishsheep sheep deer deer cattle cattle4） 表示某國人”的名詞復數形式詞尾力口 -s： Germa n Germa nsGreek GreeksIn dia n In dia nsRussian Russia nsAmerica n America ns Australia n Australia nsCan adia nCan adia ns單復數同形:ChineseChineseJapanese-Japanese將單數名詞詞尾

5、-man 為-men : Englishman EnglishmenFrenchwoman Frenchwomen5） 夕卜來詞:phenomenon phenomenasoprano sopranos6） 有些名詞只有復數形式：trousers 褲子 scissors 剪刀 clothes 衣服 compasses 圓規(guī)7） 復合名詞的復數形式把第一個或最后一個詞變成復數.:passer-by passers-by 過路人grow-up grown-ups 成年人story-teller story-tellers 講故事的人把構成復合名詞的兩個詞都變成復數：man doctor men d

6、octors woma n teacher wome n teachers2不可數名詞A .量的表達1）在前面加表示數量的短語。如：a tube of toothpaste 一支牙膏a piece of news 一則新聞4.a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡2）用 some, much , a little , a lot of, plenty of , a great deal of 等詞修飾，如：a little butter a lot of food ple nty of time a great deal of money much w

7、aterB .可用復數的情況：1)表示不同類別時，可用復數。如：fishes 各種魚 fruits 各種水果 teas 各種茶2)有些物質名詞或抽象名詞表達具體的人或事時，可變成可數名詞。如： cloth 布一 a cloth 一塊桌布或抹布success 成功 一 a success 成功的人或事 chicken 雞肉一 a chicken 只小雞4 名詞的所有格：1 所有格：主要用于表示有生命的人或物的名詞，A. 如果名詞已有復數詞尾-s 或-es,則只在名詞后加“ ：.his parents room但不以詞尾-s 或-es 結尾的復數名詞，其所有格仍然要加“”，.meri s clot

8、hesB. 兩人或多人共有一種東西時，只需在最后一個人的名字后加,s.This is Ann and my sister這是安和我的妹妹的房間。但表示各自所有，則需要在每個名字后加s.They are John s and Nick他們 a 是約翰和尼克的父親。C. 有時所有格所修飾的名詞可以省略，.the tailor s (shop)裁縫店at Lis (home)在李家D.所修飾的名詞若前面已提到，或后面要提起，則往往省略以避免重復，.His pronunciation is much better than Peter s.John s is a nice car, too.2無生命的

9、名詞所有格，結構為名詞+ of +名詞”，.the windows of the classroom 教室的窗戶the legs of the desk 桌子腿有時結構也可以轉換成of 結構，表示強調：the boy s toy=the toy of the boy3雙重所有格：構成“ of 名詞所有格”或“ of 名詞性物主代詞.a friend of my father 我父親朋友中的一個several friends of mine 我的幾個朋友In-Class Exercises:A: Who standing over there?B:?A. Brow ns B. Brow n s

10、C. The Brow ns D. Brow nI have three pen frien ds. One is_the other two are_ .A. Japa nese; AmericaB. Russia n; Germa nycoffee 咖啡一 a coffee 一杯咖啡 failure 失敗一 a failure 失敗的人或是事 glass 玻璃一 two glasses 兩只玻璃杯1.2.3.This professor gave himA. piece of advice C.piece of advices Yourplay is_.A. a great success

11、 C.great successes Gostraight,_and youA. three mi nu tesC. three mi nuteone of the best_after class.B. pieces of advicesD. pieces of adviceB. great successD. a great piece of successnd a silgfn for the toilet. awayB. three mi nu tes walks awayD. three minute s walk5.4.C. Can ada; AustraliaD. En glis

12、h; Fren chme n6.Lin da, Ive bought many_ . Now lets make the birthday cake.A. fresh eggs B. chocolate milkC. froze n foodD. rice dumpli ngs7._ mothers couldn t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu.A. Li Lei and Lucys B. Li Leis and Lucy sC. Li Lei and LucyD. Li Leis and Lucy8.We have

13、 bought two_for the coming party.A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple9.Who did you spe nd last weeke nd with?A. Palmers B. The PalmersC. The Palmers D. The Palmer s10. We decide to go for a field trip with some friends of_.A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselvesCDABD ABBCC

14、Articles （冠詞）冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨使用，也沒有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。冠詞分為不定冠詞（an），定冠詞（the），和零冠詞I.不定冠詞（a, an）的用法：1指一類人或事，相當于 a kind ofA pla ne is a mach ine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is wait ing for you.3表示每一相當于 every，oneWe study eight hours a day.4表示 相冋 相當于 the sameWe are n early of an age.5人名前，表示不認識此人或與某名人有

15、類 似性質的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you whe n you were out. Thatgirl is rather a Lei Fen.6quite, rather, many, half, what, such 后This room is rather a big one.7so (as, too, how) +形容詞之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.8固定詞組中a couple of/a bit/once upon a time/in a hurry/ have awalk II.定冠

16、詞（the）的用法:1表示某一類人或物The horse is a useful ani mal.2世上獨一無二的事物名詞前the uni verse, the moon3表示說話雙方都了解或上文提到過的人或事:Would you mind ope ning the door?4樂器前面play the violi n, play the guitar5形容詞和分詞前表示一類人the reach, the livi ng, the woun ded6表示一家人”或夫婦”the Gree ns, the Wangs7序數詞和形容詞副詞比較級、最高級前He is the taller of the

17、 two childre n.8國家、黨派，江河湖海，山川群島等名詞前the Communist Party of China, the United States thePacific Ocea n9發(fā)明物的單數名詞前The compass was inven ted in China.10在逢十的復數數詞之前，指世紀的某個年代in the 1990 s11單位的名詞前I hired the car by the hour.12方位名詞，身體部位名詞，表示時間的詞組前He patted me on the shoulder.III.零冠詞的用法:1專有名詞，物質名詞，抽象名詞，人名、地名前P

18、eking Uni versity, Jack, Chin a, love, aira,2名詞前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制I want this book, not that one. Whose purse is this?3季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前March, Sun day, Nati onal Day, spri ng4表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前Lincoln was elected Preside nt of America.5學科，語言，球類，棋類名詞前He likes play ing football/

19、chess.6與 by 連用表示交通工具的名詞前by train, by air, by land7以 and 連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時husba nd and wife, knife and fork, day and ni ght8表示泛指的復數名詞前Horses are useful an imals.In-Class Exercises1. -Joh n , there is_Mr. Wils on on the phone for you.-I m in_bath.A. a; the B. the; a C. a;不填 D. the;不填2. The most importa nt

20、 thi ng about cott on in history is_part that it played in_In dustrial Revoluti on.A.不填；不填 B. the;不填 C. the; the D. a; the3. The Wils ons live in_A-shaped house n ear the coast. It is_ 17th cen tury cottage.A. the; / B. an; the C./;the D. an : a4. Tom owns_ larger collect ion of_ books tha n any oth

21、er stude nt in our class.A. the;不填 B. a;不填 C. a; the D.不填：the5. When you come here for your holiday next time , don t go to_ hotel I can find you_bed in my flat.A. the; aB. the;不填C a; the D. a;不填6. On_news today , there were_reports of heavy snow in that area.A. the : theB. the;不填C.不填；不填 D.不填;the7.

22、-Where is my blue shirt?-It s in the washing machine. You have to wear_ different one.A. any B. theC. a8. An accide nt happe ned at_ crossroads a few meters away from_ bank.A. a; a B.不填;aC.不填;the D. the :不填9. Most an imals have little connection with_an imals of_ differe nt ki nd uni ess they kill t

23、hem for food.A. the; aB.不填；a C. the; theD.不填：the10. A bullet hit the soldier and he was woun ded in_leg.A. aB. oneC. theD. hisACDBA BCABCHomework:I. Nou ns:A. Fill the blanks.1.There are lots of _ (mouse) in the field.2.Thousands of people lost their _ (life) in the earthquake.3.Some _ (child) are f

24、lying _ (kite) near the river.4.After three _ (month) study, the scientists worked out the physics problem.5.Toms drawing is much better than any of his _ (classmate).6.Today is September 10th. Its _ (teachDeary). Lets go and buy some flowers for our teachers.7.A lot of _ (deer) are eating grass at

25、the foot of the hill.8.How many _ (people) are there in your family?9.I have two _ (sister-in-law).10. She has gone to the _ (hairdresser)mice/lives/childre nkites/m on ths/classmates/Teachers/deer/people/sisters-in-law/hairdressersB. Multiple Choice1.We need _ in our new laboratory.2.A a good deal

26、of equipmentB a large number of equipments3.C a great many equipmentsD a plenty of equipment4.Now, many people use the word Ms. instead of Miss or Mrs., for example, before the names of _ inbusiness letters.A woman manager B women manager C woman managers D women managers5._ room is big and bright.

27、They like it very much.6.A Tom and Sam B Toms and Sam C Tom and Sams D Toms and Sams7.Mr. Brown wasnt in his car; he was driving _ car.8.A someones elseB someone else C someone elseDssomeones elses9.May I take your order now?10.Wed like three black _ .11. A coffee B coffees C cups of coffees D cup o

28、f coffees12. Go and have _ before we set out.13. A sleep B a good sleep C the sleep D some good sleep14. If the shoes are too small, buy a bigger _ .15. A one B pair C copy D set16. The _ is just around the corner and you wont miss it.17. A bicycles shoBpbicycle shop C bicycles shop D bicyclesshop18

29、.How is Joys skirt?19.Her skirt is more beautiful than _ .20. A her sistersaatend K B her sister and Kate21. C her sister and KatesD her sisters and Kates22. There was a small _ of sugar in the bowel.23. A number B amount C part D size24. There are several _ in this novel who are different in _.25.

30、A character; character B character; characters26. C characters; characters D characters; character27. They like these dishes and _.28. A. the tea cup B the teas cuCp the cup of tea D the cup for the tea.29. _ food and equipment was kept in that cave during the war time.30. A Quiet a few B Large quan

31、tities C A great deal of D A large number of31. Mum, Im thirsty. Will you please give me some_?A pencilsB cakeC waterD books32. Oh, there isn enougt h _ for us in the lift. No hurry. Let s wait for the next.A groundB floorC placeD roomADCCB BBBDB DACCDII. ArticlesA. Fill the blanks (a/an/the if nece

32、ssary).1.English is _ useful language. It is often used as _ second language.2.There is a pen in my _ other hand.3.Let s as_k_ lady in red.4.This is _ one-foot-deep hole.5.What _ important piece of news it is!6.My brother was playing _ basketball while I was playing _ piano.7._ Yellow River is the s

33、econd longest river in China.8.Mary will be made _ monitor of her class.9.Mr. Black didnt go to work yesterday because he was _ill_i_n_ bed.10._ man who gave us a talk on space yesterday is _ famous scientist.11. That evening _ Browns had _ nice supper.12. Do you think Angela is _ honest?13. Yes, sh

34、e is _ honest girl.14._ “ h” in the word“ hour ” is a silent sound.15. Is _ Nile in _ Asia?B. Multiple Choice1.One afternoon he found _ handbag. There was _ “ s” on the corner _o_f _handbag.A. a; an; the B. a; a; the C. an; an; an D. the; a; a2._ old lady with white hair spoke _ English well at _ me

35、eting.A. An; an; aB. The; /; anC. T he; / ;aD. The; / ;the3.He used to be _ teacher but later he turned_writer.A. a; aB. a; theC. /; aD. a; /4.They made him _ king.A. aB. theC. anD. /5.Is he _American boy?A. anB. aC. oneD. /6.Dont play _ basketball here.Its dangerous.A. aB. anC. /D. the7.Bill is _En

36、glish teacher. He likes playing _ chess.A. a; theB. an; theC. a;/D. an;/8.Australia is _ English-speaking country.A. aB. anC. theD. /9.Beijing is _ beautiful city. Its_ capital of China.A. a; aB. the; the C. /; theD. a; the10. Ive been a student there for nearly two and _ half years.A. a B. an C. th

37、eD. /11. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _ hour to get there by _ bus.A. an; / B. an; a C. a; /D. /; /III.Tenses:1. My brother _ (like) watching TV very much.2.She _ _ (not walk) in the park every day.3.The teacher said the sun _ (rise) in the east and _ (set) in the west.4.As soon as

38、 she _ (come), Ill phone you.5.I _ (go) with you to the cinema this afternoon if Im free.6._ you please _ (help) me with my English?7.I _ (have) super when Tom came in.8.What _ you _ (do) this time yesterday?9.I _ (listen) to the English programme.10. She _ just _ (hear) from her friend.11. I _ _ (n

39、ot see) my uncle since I left my hometown.12. Emily said that she _ (visit) her uncle next Sunday.13. I _ (teach) Chinese for three years before I came to this school.14. If I _ (be) free tomorrow, I _ (come) to the party.15. They _ (wait) for you for an hour in your office.16. They _ (enjoy) themselves last Sunday.17. My brother _ (fall) while he _ (ride) his bike and _ (hurt) himself.18. The children _ (play) video games every day during t