2013新人教版八年級上冊英語知識要點短語句型語法講解(精華版)

1、初中英語八年級上冊復習要點Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?重點短語：（1）go on vacation 去度假（3）stay at home 呆在家（5）go to the mountains 去爬山（7）go to the beach去沙灘（9）visit museums 參觀博物館（11）go to summer camp 去夏令營（13）quite a few 相當多，不少（15）study for為而學習（17）go out 出去（19）most of the time 大多數(shù)時間（21）taste good 嘗起來不錯（23）have a go

2、od time過得愉快（25）of course 當然（2）feel like 感受到（4）go shopping 去買東西（6）in the past 在過去（8）walk around.四處走走（10）too many 太多（12）because of+短語 因為（14）one bowl of 一碗。（16）find out 查明，弄清（18）take photos 照相（20）something important 重要的事情（22）up and down 上上下下（24）come up 上來（26）come down 下來重點語法：（1）Where did you go on vaca

3、tion? I went to New York City.（2）Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.（3）Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father.（4）How was the food? Everything tasted really good.（5）Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was excellent.習慣用法

4、：（1）buy sth for sb./ buy sb. sth 為某人買某物（2）taste + adj. 嘗起來（3）nothing .but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都沒有（4）seem + (to be) + adj 看起來（5）. arrive in + 大地方 arrive at + 小地方 到達某地（6） decide to do sth. 決定做某事（7）. try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 （8）try to do sth. 盡力做某事 （9）try ones best to do sth盡力做某事（10）enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事（11）wa

5、nt to do sth. 想去做某事（12）start doing sth. 開始做某事（13）stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop doing sth 停下來做某事（14）look + adj 看起來（15）dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事（16）Why not do sth. 為什么不做.呢？（17）so + adj + that + 從句 如此以至于（18）tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事（19） keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事（20）.forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 forget

6、 doing sth 忘記做過某事詞語辨析：anywhere 與 somewhere 兩者都是不定副詞。anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑問句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某處，到某處，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here. seem + 形容詞 看起來. You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 從句 看起來好像；似乎. It seems that no

7、 one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. decide to do sth.決定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑問詞 + 動詞不定式 He can not decide when to leave. start doing sth = start to do sth. 開始，可與begin 互換 。He started doing his homework. over 介詞，多于，超過，在以上（表示數(shù)目、程度）= more thanMy father i

8、s over 40 years old. too many 太多，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾動詞作狀語。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much. because of 因為，由于，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 連詞，因為，引導狀語從句，表示直接明確的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it

9、was too expensive.too,to太.以至于不能.Mother is too tired to go to school.have fun doing sth享受做某事的樂趣 Unit 2 How often do you exercise?短語：（1）help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事（2）go shopping 去買東西（3）on weekends 在周末（4）how often 多少次（5）hardly ever幾乎從不（6）once a week 一星期一次（7）twice a month 一個月兩次（8）go to the movies 去看電影（9）ev

10、ery day 每天（10）use the Internet上網（11）be freebe not busy=have time 有空（12）have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈和鋼琴課（13）swing dance 搖擺舞（14）play tennis 打乒乓球（15）stay up late熬夜到很晚（16）go to sleep 睡覺（17）go to bed上床睡覺（18）at least 至少，不少于，起碼（19）go to bed early 上床睡覺早（20）play sports 做運動（21）be good for 對.有好處（22）be good

11、 at doing sth擅長做某事（23）go camping去野營（24）in ones free time 在某人的業(yè)余時間里（25）the most popular 最受歡迎的（26）such as 例如.像.這樣（27）go to the dentist看牙科醫(yī)生（28）more than 多于（29）old habits lie hard 舊習難改（30）less than 少于（31）junk food垃圾食品（32）take care of sb 照料某人（33）look after sb照顧某人（34）have to dosth必須做某事（35）get in 進入（36）be

12、 late for遲到語法要點：（1）What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise.（2）What do they do on weekends? They often help my mother with housework.（3）What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping.（4）How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a month.（5）How often does

13、 he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV.（6）Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping.習慣用法：1. help sb. with sthhave sb do sth 幫助某人做某事2. How about doing? .怎么樣？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事4. How many + 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+ 一般疑問句 .有多少.5. 主語+ find+ that 從句 發(fā)現(xiàn)6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7. spend time wi

14、th sb. 和某人一起度過時光8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人詢問某事9. by doing sth. 通過做某事10. Whats your favorite.? 你最喜歡的是什么？11 start doing sth. 開始做某事12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式13.full of滿的14.what about doingsth？做某事怎么樣？15.not.at all 一點兒也不 I dont like it at all. 我一點兒也不喜歡它。詞語辨析：1. free 空閑的，有空的， 反義詞為 busy. be free 有

15、空，閑著，相當于 have time.Ill be free next week. = Ill have time next week. 2. How come？ 怎么會？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有點想不通；可單獨使用，也可引導一個問句， 相當于疑問句 why, 但 how come 開頭的特殊疑問句使用的仍然是陳述語序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?3. stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，遲睡”。 Dont stay up late next time. stay

16、 up 指“熬夜，不睡覺”。 He stayed up all night to write his story.4. go to bed 強調“上床睡覺”的動作及過程，但人不一定睡著。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 強調“入睡，睡著，進入夢鄉(xiāng)”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.5. find + 賓語 +名詞, 發(fā)現(xiàn) ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.find + 賓語 + 形容詞， 發(fā)現(xiàn)： He found the room

17、dirty.find + 賓語 + 現(xiàn)在分詞， 發(fā)現(xiàn) ： I found her standing at the door.6. percent 百分數(shù)， 基數(shù)詞 + percent： percent 沒有復數(shù)形式，作主語時，根據(jù)所修飾的名詞來判斷謂語的單復數(shù)。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.7. more than 超過，多于，不僅僅， 相當于 over. 在句型轉換中考查兩者的同義替換。反義詞組為：less than. I lived in Shangh

18、ai for more than / over ten years.8. afraid 形容詞， 擔心的，害怕的，在句中作表語，不用在名詞前作定語。Im afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of asking question.Im afraid + 從句， 恐怕， 擔心： Im afraid I have to go now.9.

19、sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的區(qū)別：sometimes 頻度副詞， 有時。表示動作發(fā)生的不經常性，多與一般現(xiàn)在時連用，可位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. sometime 副詞，某個時候。 表示不確切或不具體的時間，常用于過去時或將來時，對它用疑問詞when.如：I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times 名詞詞組， 幾次，幾倍。其中time

20、是可數(shù)名詞，對它提問用how many times.I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?some time 名詞短語， 一段時間. 表示“一段時間”時，句中謂語動詞常為延續(xù)性動詞，提問時用 How long. 如： I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here?10.how often 多久一次，用來提問動作發(fā)生的頻率?；卮鹩茫簅nce，twice, three times 等詞語。How often do yo

21、u play sports? Three times a week.how long 多長，用來詢問多長時間，也可詢問某物有多長。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how far 多遠， 用來詢問距離，指路程的遠近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister短語歸納與用法：（1）more outgoing更外向 15）asas與

22、一樣 （2）the singing competition唱歌比賽（16）be similar to與相像的/類似的 （3）the same as和相同；與一致 （17）be different from與不同（4）care about關心；介意 （18）be like a mirror像一面鏡子 （5）the most important最重要的（19）as long as只要；既然 （6）bring out使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出 （20）get better grades取得更好的成績（7）reach for伸手取 （21）in fact事實上；實際上 （8）make friends交朋友 （2

23、2）the other其他的（9）touch ones heart感動某人 （23）be talented in music有音樂天賦（10）be good at擅長 （24）be good with善于與相處（11）have fun doing sth.享受做某事的樂趣 （25）be good at doing sth擅長做某事 （12）make sb. do sth.讓某人做某事（26）want to do sth.想要做某事 （13）as+adj./adv.的原級+as 與一樣 （14）Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說，做某事是的。語法知識：（1）Is

24、 Tom smarter than Sam? No,he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom.（2）Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.（3）Are you as friendly as your sister? No, Im not. Im friendlier.（4）Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does.（5）Whos more hardworking at school? Tina thin

25、ks she works harder than me.詞語辨析：（1）laugh v. & n. 笑We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她說了個笑話，我們都大聲笑起來。We all laughed at his joke. 聽了他的笑話我們都笑起來。He laughs best who laughs last. 誰笑在最后，誰笑得最好。/不要高興得太早。（與at連用）嘲笑Dont laugh at him. 別嘲笑他。People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人們常常嘲

26、笑海員所講的故事。Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那種愚蠢的滑稽動作。名詞：笑；笑聲 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我們被他的笑話逗得哈哈大笑。（2）though conj. 雖然；縱然；即使；盡管 = althoughThough it was raining，he went there. 雖然當時正下著雨，他還是到那里去了。Though he was poor he was happy. 雖然他很窮卻很快樂。注意：在though引導的從句后不使用but。如：Though he was poor，b

27、ut he was happy.（誤）though adv. 不過，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗號隔開。Jim said that he would come, he didnt , though. Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater重點句型：1. It has the biggest screens.2. The DJs choose songs the most carefuuly.3. How do you like it so far? 到目前為止，你認為它怎么樣？4. Thanks forget telling me.5. Can I ask yo

28、u some questions?重點短語：（1）movie theater電影院 （2）be close to離近 （3）clothes store服裝店 （4）in town在鎮(zhèn)上（5）so far到目前為止 （6）10 minutes by bus坐公共汽車10分鐘的路程（7）talent show才藝表演（8）have.in common 有相同特征（想法、興趣方面）相同 （9）around the world世界各地；全世界（10）more and more越來越（11）and so on等等 （12）all kinds of各種各樣的 （13）be up to是的職責；由決定（14

29、）not everybody并不是每個人 （15）make up編造（故事、謊言等） （16）play a role in在方面發(fā)揮作用/有影響（17）play a role in doing sth. 發(fā)揮做某事的作用（18）no problem 沒什么，別客氣（19）for example例如 （20） takeseriously認真對待 （21）give sb. sth.給某人某物 （22）come true（夢想、希望）實現(xiàn)；達到（23）play a role 發(fā)揮作用，有影響（24）Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感謝。（25）much+ adj./adv.的比較

30、級 得多（26）watch sb. do sth.觀看某人做某事（27）play a role in doing sth.發(fā)揮做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色（28）one of+可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù) 之一（29）Can I ask you some?我能問你一些嗎？（30）How do you like? （31）What do you think of?你認為怎么樣?（32）how much.?多少錢？（33）How far?多遠？（34）How many?多少？（35）How long.?多長？Unite 5 Do you want to a game show?重要短語：（1）fin

31、d out 查明，弄清 （2） be ready to do 準備好做某事 （3）dress up 裝扮，喬裝打扮 （4）take sbs place 代替，替換 （5）do a good job 干得好 （6） think of +名詞或動詞短語認為.（7）game shows 游戲節(jié)目 （8）learn from 向學習從.獲得（9）talk shows 脫口秀 （10）soap opera 肥皂?。?1）go on 發(fā)生 （12） watch a movie 觀看一場電影（13）one ofthe main reasons 最主要的原因之一（14）watch a sitcom觀看一部情景

32、喜?。?5）action movies 動作電影 （16） come out （17）try ones best 盡力，竭盡全力 （18）a pair of 一雙，一對（19）as famous as 一樣著名 （20）look like 全世界像（21）around the world 世界各地 （22）have a discussion about就.討論（23）one day 有一天 （24）such as 比如（25）a symbol of .的象征 （26）something enjoyable令人愉快的東西（27）interesting information有趣的資料 （28）h

33、appen to do sth.碰巧做某事 （29）expect to do sth.盼望做某事 （30）TV shows 電視節(jié)目重要句型：（1）What do you think of talk shows? I dont mind them.（2）I hope to be a TV reporter one day. How about you?（3）常用法：（1）let sb do sth. 讓某人做某事 （8）plan to do sth.計劃做某事（2）hope to do sth. 希望做某事 （9）mind doing sth 介意做某事（3）expect to do sth.

34、 期待做某事 （10）How（what） about doing做某事怎么樣？（4）be always ready to do sth. 總是準備做某事，隨時隨地可以從事某事 （5）try ones best to do sth.盡力做某事（11）become +adj 變得.（6）not so .as 不像那樣.；不如.這么（12）thank you for doing sth 謝謝你做某事（7）love ding sth 喜愛做某事語詞辨析： 1.the other, the others, other, others,another the other 表示特指兩個或者兩部份中的另一個或

35、另一部分，可直接單數(shù)名詞或復數(shù)名詞。表示兩個中的一個另一個時，常用one the other。例：He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys.the others 特指某一范圍內的其他的（人或物），是the other的復數(shù)形式，相當于the other+復數(shù)名詞。the other + 復數(shù)名詞 = any other + 名詞單數(shù)。例：Y

36、ou two stay here, the others go with me. Im different from Jeff because Im louder than the other kids (any other kid) in my class.other 作代詞或形容詞，可修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或復數(shù)。例：We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects.others 作代詞，泛指“其他的人或物”。 例：Some students are doing homework,others are talking loudly.anoth

37、er 泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個”，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。例：I dont like this one. Please show me another one. 2.find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到 Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.3. go on 發(fā)生，與 take place 同義I wonder what was going on. 翻譯：隔壁發(fā)生了什么？ ？4.happen v.發(fā)生，一般指偶然發(fā)生，主語為事，不能為人。Sth + happens to sb. A traffic ac

38、cident happened to his elder brother yesterday.Sth + happens + 地點/時間，意為：某地/某時發(fā)生了某事An accident happened on Park Street.Happen v，表示“碰巧”，主語可以是人，后常跟動詞不定式to,表示“碰巧”.Sb + happens to do sth.I happened to see my uncle on the street.* take place 意為“發(fā)生，舉行，舉辦”，一般指非偶然性事件的“發(fā)生”，即這種事件的發(fā)生一定有某種原因或事先的安排。例：Great change

39、s have taken place in China.The meeting will take place next Friday.5.expect v. 期待，盼望，預期，后常接四種結構：1)expect + 名詞/代詞，期待某事/某人，預計可能發(fā)生。Im expecting Li Lins letter.2)expect to do sth. 預計做某事Lily expects to come back next week.3)expect sb. to do sth.I expect my mother to come back early.4)expect + 從句 預計I exp

40、ected that Ill come back next Monday.6. serious a. 嚴肅的，認真的。 He is a serious man.be serious about sb/sth. 對某人/某事當真Peter is serious about Jenny. He wants to get married to her.be serious about doing sth. 對某事當真 Hes serious about selling his house.Unit 6 Im going to study computer science短語：grow up ever

41、y day be sure about make sure sendtobe able to the meaning of different kinds of the meaning ofin common at the beginning of write down have to do withtake up hardly ever tooto短語用法：want to do sth. be going to + 動詞原形practice doing sth. keep on doing sth.learn to do sth. finish doing sthpromise to do

42、sth. help sb. to do sth.remember to do sth. agree to do sth.love to do sth.be going to 的用法1） be going to + 動詞原形表示將來的打算、計劃或安排。常與表示將來的tomorrow, next year等時間狀語或when 引導的時間狀語從句連用。各種句式變換都借助be 動詞完成，be隨主語有am, is, are 的變換，going to 后接動詞原形。肯定句： 主語 + be going to + 動詞原形 + 其他。He is going to take the bus there.否定句

43、： 主語 + be not going to + 動詞原形 + 其他 Im not going to see my friends this weekend.一般疑問句： Be + 主語 + going to + 動詞原形 + 其他肯定回答： Yes, 主語 + be. 否定回答： No, 主語 + be not.Are you going to see your friends this weekend? Yes ,I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句： 疑問詞 + be + 主語 + going to + 動詞原形 + 其他？What is he going to do thi

44、s weekend? When are you going to see your friends?2) 如果表示計劃去某地，可直接用 be going to + 地點We are going to Beijing for a holiday.3) 表示位置移動的動詞，如go , come, leave 等常用進行時表示將來。The bus is coming. My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week.4) be going to 與 will 的區(qū)別： 對未來事情的預測用“ will + 動詞原形”表達，will 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，變否定句要在wi

45、ll 后面加not, 也可用will 后面加 not,或者縮略式wont, 變一般疑問句將will 提至 句首。Will planes be large in the future? Yes, they will. / No, they wont.will 常表示說話人相信或希望要發(fā)生的事情，而be going to 指某事肯定發(fā)生，常表示事情很快就要發(fā)生。 I believe Lucy will be a great doctor. 陳述將來的某個事實用will. I will ten years old next year.表示現(xiàn)在巨大將來要做的事情用 will.Im tired I wi

46、ll go to bed. 表示意愿用will.Ill tell you the truth. 表示計劃、打算要做的事情用 be going to, 而不用 will.1 promise vt. 保證，許諾。有三種結構：1)promise to do sth. _My mother promised to buy a piano for me.2)promise sb. sth. _ My aunt promised me a bike.3)promise + that 從句_ Tom promises that he can return on mise n. 允諾， 諾言L

47、ily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise.2.when 與 while 的區(qū)別：when 表示“當時候”，既指時間點，又指一段時間，when 引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是終止性的也可以是延續(xù)性的。When the teacher came in, the students were talking.When she arrives, Ill call you.while 表示“當時候”，僅指一段時間，從句中的動作必須是延續(xù)性的，一般強調主從句的動作同時發(fā)生， while 還可以作并列連詞，意為“ 而、卻”，表示對比關系。Lisa

48、was singing while her mother was playing piano.Tom is strong while his younger brother is week. 3. practice vt. 練習， 后接名詞，代詞或v-ing 作賓語。Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room.常跟v-ing 作賓語的動詞有：考慮建議盼原諒：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon.承認推遲沒得想： admit, delay/put off

49、, fancy.避免錯過繼續(xù)練：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice.否認完成能欣賞： deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate.不禁介意與逃亡： cant help , mind, escape.不準冒險憑想象： forbid, risk, imagine.4. everyday 與 every day 區(qū)別everyday adj. 每天的 在句中作定語，位于名詞前。 This is our everyday homework.every day 副詞短語， 在句中作狀語，位于句首或句末。 He reads books every d

50、ay. Unit 7 Will people have robots?短語：on computers on paper live to be 200 years old free timein danger on the earth play a part in sth space stationlook for computer programmer in the future huandreds ofthe sameas over and over again get bored wake uplook like fall down用法：will + 動詞原形 將要做 fewer/more + 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) 更少/更多l(xiāng)ess/more + 不可數(shù)名詞 更少/更多 try to do sth. 盡力做某事have to do sth 不得不做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意見such + 名詞（詞組） 如此 play a part in doing sth 參與做某事make s