高一英語開學(xué)第一課

1、WELCOME TO MY CLASS! About English Do you like English? Do you think it difficult? why? Learning English is a big challenge(挑戰(zhàn)） or a piece of cake?（小菜一碟）In fact , learning English is interesting.麻豆秀 Pk敗東西English English Study Study - some advice for every studentConfidentStrictActive What do you hav

2、e to prepare for English learning?My favorite motto If you dont like something, change it If you cant change anything, change yourattitude, never complain. DEVELOP A GOOD ATTITUDE. 態(tài)度決定一切。態(tài)度決定一切。 STUDY EVERY DAY! 英語學(xué)習(xí)是一個長期的積累的過程。英語學(xué)習(xí)是一個長期的積累的過程。 DISTRIBUTE YOUR STUDY TIME 學(xué)習(xí)要有主次輕重；要有目標(biāo)，各個擊破。學(xué)習(xí)要有主次輕重

3、；要有目標(biāo)，各個擊破。 ATTEND AND PARTICIPATE IN EVERY CLASS 積極參與課堂活動積極參與課堂活動 1 hour of class = 2 hours of study time! VISIT INSTRUCOR DURING OFFICE HOURS TO GET ACQUAINTED 多和老師交流多和老師交流 PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT 勤于練習(xí)勤于練習(xí)RememberPractice makes perfect(熟能生巧）熟能生巧） Attitude is everything （態(tài)度決定一切）（態(tài)度決定一切）Try your best

4、 Just do it You can learn English well Believe in yourself培養(yǎng)學(xué)會幾個習(xí)慣培養(yǎng)學(xué)會幾個習(xí)慣 Learn to use resources finding out how useful English is in your life. English is every where. If you have sharp eyes, sharp ears and a desire to learn, you will be surprised to discover that you are actually surrounded by ri

5、ch learning resources. Reference books Dictionary Learn to use dictionaries. Internet Learn to use dictionaries. You must have at least one dictionary, with both Chinese and English explanations such as Oxford, Longman, students practical essentials of NMET. Some electronic dictionaries may appear h

6、andier, but they may not be as reliable as those printed dictionaries by established press houses.Learn to speak Speak or read in a loud voice in class. Thats easy for all of you to do but as I know it is difficult for you to follow. Don t be shy if you want to express yourself in public. If you can

7、 speak and read in a loud voice, the whole class will listen to you attentively and you will be full of confidence be encouraged to learn it well. Learn to read READ READ, read some more, READ things you yourself enjoy. READ, and talk about it. READ very carefully some things READ on the run, most t

8、hings, Dont think about READING, but . READLearn to take notes. Learn to take notes. for collecting the key points in class or out of class while reading English magazines or newspapers. for keeping a diary in English every day. For collecting your mistakes“二二”習(xí)習(xí)五五多多 Prepare your lessons well before

9、 every class.（預(yù)習(xí)）（預(yù)習(xí)） Review what youve learned in time.（復(fù)習(xí)）（復(fù)習(xí)） Read more and read different materials.（多讀）（多讀） Write as often as possible.（多寫）（多寫） Talk more either in class or out of class.（多說）（多說） Turn to your teachers for advice and help.（多問）（多問） Cooperate more(多合作）多合作）Four SkillsListeningSpeaki

10、ng ReadingWriting1.textbook; 2.other kinds of tapes; 3.simple English songs; 4.CCTV-9; 5.Internet1.Be active in and after class; 2.Dont be afraid of making mistakes1.Morning-reading class; 2. English weekly;3.Other kinds of materials, magazinesWrite Weekly Diary using the words, phrases and Sentence

11、s that have been learnedPractice makes perfect!The rules to obey in class Join in the class Do hands up when you know sth or have some good point speak English as much as possible speak it loudly & clearly. Listen to others Ask for help if difficult Mobiles off Not eating or drinking Never miss

12、or forget homework (oral, written) 學(xué)好外語的十條經(jīng)驗學(xué)好外語的十條經(jīng)驗 1.學(xué)習(xí)外語一天也不能中斷，那怕每天擠出10分鐘也好。早晨是學(xué)外語的大好時光，尤應(yīng)充分利用。 2.如果學(xué)厭了，不必勉強(qiáng)繼續(xù)，也不要放下不學(xué)，可以變換一下其它的學(xué)習(xí)方法和形式，如改聽錄音，看外語電視節(jié)目等。 3.絕不要脫離上下文孤立地死記硬背。 4.應(yīng)隨時記下并背熟常用的“句套子”，并多多練習(xí)套用。 5.盡可能“心譯”你接觸的東西，如一閃而過的廣告，偶爾聽到的話語。這是一種休息方式，也是一種訓(xùn)練方式。 6.不要反復(fù)去看那些未經(jīng)教師修改過的練習(xí)，只有那些肯定是正確的東西才值得去牢記。 7.抄

13、錄和記憶“句套子”和慣用語時，要用單數(shù)第一人稱。在應(yīng)用時則能根據(jù)不同時態(tài)而發(fā)揮出去。 8.外語好比碉堡，必須同時從四面八方向它圍攻。如：讀報紙，聽廣播，看外語電影、電視，聽外語講座，讀外語讀物等。 9.要敢于用外語說話，不要怕出錯誤。當(dāng)別人幫你糾正錯誤時，不要難為情，更不要泄氣。 10.要堅信自己一定能達(dá)到目的，堅信自己有堅強(qiáng)的毅力和語言方面的才能。 n = 名詞，noun的縮寫 c = 可數(shù)名詞，countable noun的縮寫 u = 不可數(shù)名詞，uncountable noun的縮寫 Sing.=單數(shù) singular的縮寫 pl = 復(fù)數(shù)，plural的縮寫 pron = 代詞，pr

14、onoun的縮寫 num = 數(shù)詞，numeral的縮寫 adj = 形容詞，adjective的縮寫 v = 動詞，兼指及物動詞和不及物動詞，verb的縮寫 vi = 不及物動詞，intransitive verb的縮寫 vt = 及物動詞，transitive verb的縮寫 aux.v = 助動詞 ，auxiliary的縮寫 adv = 副詞，adverb的縮寫 art = 冠詞，article的縮寫 conj = 連接詞 ，conjunction的縮寫 prep = 介詞；前置詞，preposition的縮寫 int = 感嘆詞，interjection的縮寫 句句子子結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)分分類類

15、 簡單句 Simple Sentences 含有一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語）的句子 并列句 Compound Sentences 包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子且句子之間有并列連詞and/but等或用分號連接 復(fù)合句 Complex Sentences 包含一個主句和一個從句或一個主句和多個從句的句子，且從句用從屬連詞引導(dǎo)Type 2. S+ViType 2. S+ViType 3. S+ Vt + OType 3. S+ Vt + OType 4. S+ Vt + O1+ O2Type 4. S+ Vt + O1+ O2Type 1. S+ link V+PType 1.

16、 S+ link V+PType 5. S+ Vt+ O+ OCType 5. S+ Vt+ O+ OC 五個基本句式詳細(xì)解釋如下：個基本句式詳細(xì)解釋如下： 1 主語主語+ 不及物動詞不及物動詞 例：例：He (主語）主語）laughed(謂語動詞）謂語動詞）. My tooth aches. /she want to school on foot.2 主語主語 + 及物動詞及物動詞 + 賓語賓語 例：例：They（主語）（主語） enjoy（謂語動詞）（謂語動詞） the play（賓語）（賓語）. I met John in the street yesterday. 3 主語主語 + 系

17、動詞系動詞 + 表語表語 例：例：He（主語）（主語） is（系動詞）（系動詞） out（表語）（表語）. Jenny is fine. / It looks like rain, soon. 4 主語主語 + 及物動詞及物動詞 + 雙賓語雙賓語 （就是（就是 間接賓間接賓語和直接賓語）語和直接賓語） 例：例：He （主語）（主語）bought （謂語動詞）（謂語動詞） her（間接賓語）（間接賓語） a watch （直接賓語）（直接賓語）. The sun gives us light. 注意：雙賓語一個指人（即間接賓語），注意：雙賓語一個指人（即間接賓語），另一個指物（即直接賓語）。一般

18、間接賓另一個指物（即直接賓語）。一般間接賓語位于直接賓語的前面，有時它們也可交語位于直接賓語的前面，有時它們也可交換位置，這是需要在間接賓語的前面加上換位置，這是需要在間接賓語的前面加上介詞介詞to 或或for 。 5 主語主語 + 及物動詞及物動詞 + 賓語賓語 + 補(bǔ)足語補(bǔ)足語 例：例：She（主語）（主語） found（謂語動詞）（謂語動詞） him （賓語（賓語 )a very clever student（賓語補(bǔ)足語）（賓語補(bǔ)足語）. I make it a rule to get up early in the morning. 注意：當(dāng)賓語意思表達(dá)不完整時，需要用補(bǔ)注意：當(dāng)賓語意

19、思表達(dá)不完整時，需要用補(bǔ)足語補(bǔ)充說明賓語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)等。用作賓足語補(bǔ)充說明賓語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)等。用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的通常有名詞、形容詞、動詞不定語補(bǔ)足語的通常有名詞、形容詞、動詞不定式等。當(dāng)謂語動詞為式等。當(dāng)謂語動詞為see, hear , watch, feel 等等感官動詞或者感官動詞或者let, have , make 等使役動詞時，等使役動詞時，如果不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，必須省略如果不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，必須省略to。 例如：例如：Let me (to) see. (to)要省去。要省去。1. The machine doesnt work.1. The machine doesnt work.

20、2. He is an honest student.2. He is an honest student.3. The silk feels soft.3. The silk feels soft.4. I have a lot of friends here. 4. I have a lot of friends here. 5. Tom lent me 200 dollars.5. Tom lent me 200 dollars.6. I saw him writing a letter.6. I saw him writing a letter.7. I find maths diff

21、icult.7. I find maths difficult.8. We call her Lily.8. We call her Lily.9. Father asked me to turn off the TV.9. Father asked me to turn off the TV.主主謂謂賓賓定定狀狀表表賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)主主系系an honestan honest表表主主系系主主 謂謂主主主主主主主主主主謂謂謂謂謂謂謂謂謂謂賓賓賓賓賓賓賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓賓賓賓賓賓句子成分常用詞性主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語定語定語狀語狀語表語表語賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)n/pron.n./pron.Adj.Adv.

22、n./adj.n./adj./to do /doingV My name is Jin Yaqian. My name is Jin Yaqian. I like singing very I like singing very much.much. In my opinion, it can give me a lot of In my opinion, it can give me a lot of fun. fun. So I always ask my friends to go singing So I always ask my friends to go singing with

23、 me.with me. I will succeed one day. I will succeed one day. My name is Jia Qiao. My name is Jia Qiao. Some people call Some people call me Joy.me Joy. Time flies. Time flies. Im 17 years old now, I Im 17 years old now, I feel happy to study in No. High School.feel happy to study in No. High School.

24、 I I enjoy writing diaries in my blog and playing enjoy writing diaries in my blog and playing the piano. the piano. I always tell myself to be I always tell myself to be confident.confident.兩個簡單句之間應(yīng)該有連詞，或者用句號。兩個簡單句之間應(yīng)該有連詞，或者用句號。英語句子成分英語句子成分：句子的組成部分包括主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、表語、同位語七種。1主語是句子敘述的主體，可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞

25、化的形容詞、不定式、動名詞和主語從句等來承擔(dān)。謂語謂語說明主語所發(fā)出的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。謂語由動詞動詞來承擔(dān)。賓語賓語是動作的對象或承受者，常位于及物動詞或介詞后面。賓語可由名詞、代詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動名詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動名詞、賓語從句賓語從句等來擔(dān)任。主語和謂語是英語句子的兩大成分，除少數(shù)句子（如祈使句和感嘆句等）外，一句話必須同時具有主語和謂語所表達(dá)的意思才能完整。主語是針對謂語而言的，是一句話的主題，謂語用來說明主語的情況，為主語提供信息。例如：They are working.主語是they(他們)，那么他們在做什么呢？看來沒有謂語a

26、re working 是不行的。在正常情況下，英語的主語和謂語的位置與漢語一致，也就是說主語在前，謂語緊跟其后。主語 哪些詞可以充當(dāng)主語1. 名詞例如： A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.The first truck is carrying a few baskets.The temperature will stay above zero.2. 代詞例如： Its a young forest.I dont know if it will grow./ Thats a bit expensive.3. 數(shù)詞例如：One and two is thr

27、ee.One is not enough for me. I want one more.Two will be enough.4. 不定式不定式 （常以 Its adj. to do sth. 形式出現(xiàn)）例如： To give is better than to receive =Its better to give.Its glad to see you again.It was difficult to see.5. IT 作主語作主語，有如下情況：1) 指代剛剛提到的事物：Whats this ? Its a bus. (指代what)2) 指代一個你不知道或判斷不清性別的人：Whos

28、 knocking the door? Its me. (指代 who)Whos the baby in the picture? Its my sister. (指代 who) 3) 表示時間，天氣，距離： Whats the time? Its eight oclock. (時間時間) Whats it going to be tomorrow? Its going to be rainy.(天氣天氣) How far is it? Its about one kilometre away. (距離距離) 6. THERE 引起的引起的There be 句型中，句型中，be 作作謂語，主語

29、位居其后。如：謂語，主語位居其后。如： There are many different kinds of mooncakes. There will be a strong wind.謂語 謂語有動詞構(gòu)成，依據(jù)其在句中繁簡程度可把謂語為簡單謂語和復(fù)合謂語兩類。不論何種時態(tài)，語態(tài)，語氣，凡由一個動詞（或動詞詞組）構(gòu)成的謂語都是簡單謂語。例如： I like walking.(一般現(xiàn)在時主動語態(tài)) I made your birthday cake last night. (一般過去時主動語態(tài)) It is used by travellers and business people all o

30、ver the world. (一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)) 復(fù)合謂語也可分為兩種情況： 賓語賓語賓語是謂語動作所涉及的對象賓語是謂語動作所涉及的對象,它是動作的承受它是動作的承受者者,賓語可以由名詞或起名詞作用的成分擔(dān)任，賓語可以由名詞或起名詞作用的成分擔(dān)任，賓語一般放在謂語動詞后面。賓語一般放在謂語動詞后面。 I saw a cat in the tree. 我看見樹上有一只貓。我看見樹上有一只貓。 I want to go shopping. 我想去買東西。我想去買東西。 He said he could be here. 他說他會來的。他說他會來的。用于描述名詞,代詞,短語或從句的性質(zhì),特征范

31、圍等情況的詞叫做定語,定語可以由名詞,形容詞和起名詞和形容詞作用的詞,短語擔(dān)任。如果定語是單個詞,定語放在被修飾詞的前面,如果是詞組,定語放在被修飾詞的后面。 That is a beautiful flower. 那是一朵漂亮的花。 The TV set made in that factory is very good. 那個工廠生產(chǎn)的電視機(jī)很好。 I have a lot of things to do. 我有好多要做的事情。 Our country is a developing country. 我們的國家是一個發(fā)展中的國家。表語 表語是用來說明主語的性質(zhì)表語是用來說明主語的性質(zhì),身

32、份身份,特征和狀態(tài)。特征和狀態(tài)。表語須和連系動詞一起構(gòu)成句子的復(fù)合謂語。表語須和連系動詞一起構(gòu)成句子的復(fù)合謂語。表語表語一般放在系動詞之后。一般放在系動詞之后。表語可以由名詞表語可以由名詞,形容詞或起形容詞或起名詞和形容詞作用的詞和短語擔(dān)任。名詞和形容詞作用的詞和短語擔(dān)任。 These desks are yellow. 這些桌子是黃色的。這些桌子是黃色的。 My work is teaching English, 我的工作是教英語。我的工作是教英語。 The dictionary is in the bag. 詞典在書包里邊。詞典在書包里邊。 My question is how you k

33、new him. 我的問題是你如何認(rèn)識他的。我的問題是你如何認(rèn)識他的。狀語狀語1、說明事物發(fā)生的時間說明事物發(fā)生的時間, ,地點地點, ,原因原因, ,目的目的, ,結(jié)結(jié)果方式果方式, ,條件或伴隨情況條件或伴隨情況, ,程度等情況的詞叫程度等情況的詞叫狀語。狀語。2 2、狀語的功用：狀語說明地點、時間、原因、狀語的功用：狀語說明地點、時間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。隨狀況等。3 3、狀語一般由副詞、介詞短語、分詞和分詞、狀語一般由副詞、介詞短語、分詞和分詞短語、不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語來擔(dān)短語、不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語

34、來擔(dān)當(dāng)。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首當(dāng)。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞等或句中，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞等 A、副詞一般在句子中做狀語、副詞一般在句子中做狀語 He speaks English very well. 他英語說得非常好。他英語說得非常好。 B、不定式在句子中可以作目的狀語。、不定式在句子中可以作目的狀語。 I come specially to see you.我專門來看你。我專門來看你。 C、介詞短語、介詞短語 Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian. The boy was praised for his