非謂語動(dòng)詞例題及十大解題原則

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞例題及十大解題原則作者: admin來源: 網(wǎng)絡(luò)文章 時(shí)間: 2016-09-24非謂語動(dòng)詞主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三種形式，可是其用法非常廣泛，它不僅是高考單項(xiàng)選擇題測(cè)試的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，而且也是完形填空、閱讀理解、短文改錯(cuò)的重要考查內(nèi)容。為了能更好地掌握非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法，筆者在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中總結(jié)出十條實(shí)用的解題原則，并且還用相關(guān)的題目來解釋這些原則。根據(jù)這些原則，相信同學(xué)們可以輕松地應(yīng)對(duì)非謂語動(dòng)詞。原則一、兩個(gè)句子必須要用連詞連接，如果沒有連詞連接，則需要用非謂語動(dòng)詞例1. _ many times, but he still couldn't unders

2、tand it.A. Having been told B. Having toldC. He had been told D. Though he had been told例2_ many times, he still couldn't understand it.A. Having been told B. Having toldC. He had been told D. Though he had told解析：例1中有連詞but連接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案為C。例2中后面是一個(gè)句子，而且沒有連詞，所以前面不是句子，應(yīng)該用非謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意此處為被動(dòng)，所以答案為A。&

3、#160;原則二、不及物動(dòng)詞無-ed形式非謂語動(dòng)詞，及物動(dòng)詞有賓語時(shí)用-ing形式，無賓語時(shí)用-ed形式例3. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing解析：lose為及物動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在后面沒有賓語，所以用-ed形式，答案為B。例4. _, I really believe that I'd prefer not to make any change now.A. C

4、onsidered all the possibilitiesB. Taking all the possibilities into considerationC. Taken all the possibilities into considerationD. Giving all the possibilities解析：把?？紤]進(jìn)來結(jié)構(gòu)為take sth into consideration，現(xiàn)在take后面有賓語all the possibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案為B。 原則三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作狀語，只作定語。非謂語動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)形

5、式to have done或having done強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語動(dòng)詞之前例5. _ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed解析：根據(jù)句意“我們沒有打通電話，就給他們發(fā)了個(gè)郵件”，沒有打通電話應(yīng)該發(fā)生在發(fā)郵件之前，所以用having done，答案為D。例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _ the World Wide Web, on which all the informat

6、ion is shared by all.A. to have founded B. having foundedC. founding D. to found解析：根據(jù)句意，Tim Bemers-Lee創(chuàng)立萬維網(wǎng)應(yīng)該是過去的事情，而且be considered后面應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式，所以應(yīng)該用to have done，答案為A。 原則四、非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語時(shí)，表示將來用-to do，表正在進(jìn)行用-ing，表示已經(jīng)完成用-ed例7. The play_ next month aims mainly to reflect the local cultureAproduced Bbeing

7、producedCto be produced Dhaving been produced解析：根據(jù)本題中的時(shí)間狀語next month，可知the play將要于下月被創(chuàng)作出來，表將來應(yīng)該用to do，所以答案為C。例8.The trees _ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown down B. blown downC. blowing down D. to blow down解析：根據(jù)句意“被暴風(fēng)雨刮倒的樹已經(jīng)從路上移走了”，樹被刮倒是過去已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，表已經(jīng)完成用-ed形式，所以答案為B。 原則五、

8、介詞后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加邏輯主語例9. The discovery of new evidence led to _.A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caughtC. catch the thief D. the thief being caught解析：本題led to中的to是介詞，后面應(yīng)該用-ing形式，the thief作-ing的邏輯主語，所以答案為D。例10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outsid

9、e the classroom.A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and close解析：本題the noise of中的of是介詞，后面應(yīng)該用-ing形式，desks作-ing的邏輯主語，所以答案為C。原則六、-ing形式或to do可作主語或賓語，-ed形式則不可以例11. _ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.A. Caught B. Having caught C. Bei

10、ng caught D. To catch解析：本題中is為系動(dòng)詞，前面應(yīng)該作主語，用-ing形式，所以答案為C。例12 _twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.A. Examining B. ExaminedC. Being examined D. Having been examined解析：本題中is為系動(dòng)詞，前面應(yīng)該作主語，用-ing形式，所以答案為C。 原則七、be+-ed+介詞結(jié)構(gòu)?？砂裝e去掉保

11、留-ed+介詞做狀語例13Michael's new house is like a huge palace, _with his old one.A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared解析：“和。相比較”結(jié)構(gòu)為be compared with，現(xiàn)在做句子的狀語，所以只保留非謂語動(dòng)詞，把動(dòng)詞be去掉，答案為D。例14 _ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.A. To face B. Having faced C. Fac

12、ed D. Facing解析：“面對(duì)”結(jié)構(gòu)為be faced with, 現(xiàn)在做句子的狀語，所以只保留非謂語動(dòng)詞，把動(dòng)詞be去掉，答案為C。 原則八、非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，其邏輯主語必須和句子主語保持一致，和句子主語構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)用-ing形式，構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系是用-ed形式。其邏輯主語和句子主語不一致時(shí)，要在非謂語動(dòng)詞前加邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)例15 _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitte

13、n D. To be bitten解析：本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應(yīng)和句子主語the postman一致，the postman應(yīng)該是被咬，所以答案為B。例16._ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked解析：本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應(yīng)和句子主語he一致, he 和walk應(yīng)該是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以答案為B。例17. While watching television, _.A.

14、 the doorbell rang B. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings解析：根據(jù)“非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，其邏輯主語必須和句子主語保持一致”的原則，watching的邏輯主語應(yīng)和后面句子主語一致，所以句子主語應(yīng)為“we”，答案為C。例18. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day.A. finishing B. finished C. had finished

15、D. were finished解析：本題沒有連詞，所以后面應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，the lessons是非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語，和非謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)是“被完成”，所以答案為B。 原則九、不定式做狀語一般有兩種：目的狀語和出乎意料的結(jié)果狀語（表示順其自然的結(jié)果用-ing形式）。另外，某些形容詞（表喜、怒、哀、樂）做表語后跟不定式可以表示原因例19_, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winner B. To be a winnerC. Be a winner D. Having been

16、 a winner解析：根據(jù)句意“要想成為獲勝者，你要付出所有，盡最大努力”，此處表目的，所以答案為B。例20. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left.A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told解析：本句句意為“記者們匆匆趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)，卻被告知明星們已經(jīng)走了”，表出乎意料的結(jié)果常常用only to do，所以答案為B。例21. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at t

17、he entrance, _ in the natural light during the day.A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let解析：本題句意為“玻璃門替換了木頭門，自然光就進(jìn)來了”，自然光進(jìn)來時(shí)順其自然的結(jié)果，所以用doing, 答案為B。例22.How glad I am _ you!A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. having seen解析： 本題是I am glad to see you 的感嘆句形式，to see you 是原因狀語，答案為B。 原則十、 非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定原則是在非謂語動(dòng)詞前

18、加not，有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to have done幾種形式例23_that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realized B. Not to realizeC. Not realizing D. Not to have realized解析： 本題考查doing的否定形式not doing，答案為 C。例24. What worried him most was _ to visit his sick child.A. his being not allow