名詞及其考點(diǎn)

1、名名 詞詞名詞表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)、現(xiàn)象或抽象概念等的名稱。如：teacher, desk, England, love等 （1）可數(shù)名詞及其單復(fù)數(shù)（2）不可數(shù)名詞（3）專有名詞（4）名詞所有格 考點(diǎn)一 名詞的分類考點(diǎn)一 名詞的分類注意：有些名詞既可做可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞。如：( ) 1. _ is made of _.2014菏澤 A. glass; glass B. A glass; glass C. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses( )2. Help yourself to _. A. chickens and apples B. chick

2、ens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples( ) 3.I have two _ and three bottles of _ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges考點(diǎn)二 名詞的數(shù) 1.可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化（表示可以計(jì)算數(shù)目的人或物稱為可數(shù)名詞） 在平常的學(xué)習(xí)中我們可以用一些耳熟能詳?shù)捻樋诹锴捎?jì)一些東西，讓雜亂的東西條理化，枯燥的東西趣味化。如： 1. 以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)，常見詞尾加-

3、es的詞有四個(gè)：即tomato, potato, hero, negro我們可以這樣記： 黑人英雄愛吃西紅柿和馬鈴薯 2. 以f(e)結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)，需要把-f(e)改為v，再加-es常見的有9個(gè)，它們分別是：wife, knife , wolf,thief, shelf, self, life, half, leaf 。可以這樣記：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷嚇得發(fā)了慌；(wife，knife , wolf，thief )躲在架后保己命，半片樹葉遮目光。(shelf , self，life，half ，leaf )注意：由self構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞，其變化與self相同。如：myself ourselv

4、es 2.可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化注意：有些名詞雖然以-s結(jié)尾卻表示單數(shù)，如：news, grass, physics, politics等5. Toms family _ big. Toms family _ film fans. (be)6. The team often _ (win) the matches. After winning, the team _ (have) a shower.( ) 7. He is _ . A. an EnglishB.a Englishman C.a EnglishD.English( ) 8. After P.E., I often feel

5、very thirsty.Why not buy some _ to drink? 2014達(dá)州 A. bread B. noodles C. apple juice D. teasisarewinshave ( ) 9. There are fifty _ in our school. They are all friendly to us. 2014安順 A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. woman teacher D. women teachers( ) 10. Could you please get me some _? Im hungry.

6、 2014黔西南 A. apple B. water C. bread D. egg ( ) 11. A/An_ can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, the blue sea and many other things.2013德州 A. actor B. scientist C. artist D. doctor考點(diǎn)三 名詞的量 1. 可數(shù)名詞的量 可數(shù)名詞的量可直接用“數(shù)字名詞的復(fù)數(shù)”表示，如：two eggs, ten books 2. 不可數(shù)名詞的量 常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：music, fun, news, in

7、formation, advice, weather, homework, work, air, time, money, paper, traffic, practice, progress等。它們不能直接和表示數(shù)字的詞或a/an連用，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。但可以借助量詞來表示數(shù)量，即“量詞名詞”，如： a piece of paper, a glass of water, two bowls of rice , five cups of tea 常用搭配：a piece of paper/news/bread/meat/ advice/information/ chalk 常見短語：a bottl

8、e of , a cup of coffee , a drop of water, a bag of rice,a block of ice, two pieces of, a pair of 3.可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的不確切量的表達(dá)方式 few, a few, many, several, a (large/small)number of + 可數(shù)名詞 little, a little, much, a large/small amount of, a great deal of+ 不可數(shù)名詞 some, any, plenty of , enough, a lot of/lots of+

9、可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞( ) 12. Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef, vegetables and _.2014廣州 A. some rice B. a few rice C. a little rices D. a rice( ) 13. In _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees. A. few year B. a few years C. few years D. a few years( ) 14. We bought _ for my mothers birthday.

10、A. some meats B. some pieces meat C. a piece of meat D. pieces of meats( ) 15. Therere a lot of _ down there, but hardly any _. A. horse; people B. horses; peoples C. cow; people D. sheep; people考點(diǎn)四 名詞所有格（名詞的所有格是表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系）1. s所有格(主要表示有生命的人或物的名詞)注意：表示時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、城市的名詞，也可以用s 所有格。如：todays newspaper 今天的報(bào)

11、紙 the worlds biggest problem 世界最大的問題an hours walk/ride走路/開車一小時(shí)的路程 eight days holiday = an eight-day holiday 八天的假期( ) 16. Is the schoolbag under the desk yours? No, its my _. He left it there just now. 2014長(zhǎng)沙 A. brother B. brothers C. brothers( ) 17. This is_ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very mu

12、ch. 2013青海 A. Jenny and Marias B. Jennys and Maria C. Jennys and Marias( ) 18.How far is your home from school? Its about two_ walk.2013濰坊 A. hours B. hours C. hours D. hour ( ) 19. Where are you going, Lucy? _. A. To my uncle B. To my uncles C. At my uncle D. At my uncles2. of 所有格主要用于無生命的名詞，如： the

13、gate of the school 學(xué)校大門 a window of the room 房間的窗子或者是名詞或名詞的定語較長(zhǎng)，如： the death of Dr. Norman Bethune 諾爾曼白求恩大夫的死 the name of the boy sitting near the window 坐在窗邊那個(gè)男孩兒的名字3. 雙重所有格 雙重所有格的構(gòu)成形式：名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格，如： a teacher of mine/his/hers/yours/ours/theirs some friends of my fathers 我父親的幾個(gè)朋友 注意：有些名詞是用介

14、詞to來表示所有格。如： the key to the door, the way to school, the answer to the question( ) 20. Mr Black is a teacher of _. She and her classmates like him very much. 2014甘肅 A. my sister B. my sisters C. my sisters D. my sisters( ) 21. I hear you have to get up early every morning. 2014泰安Right. Its one of th

15、e _ of my family. A. plans B. jobs C. programs D. rules( ) 22. Miss Black is a friend of _, she always looks after my sister.2014黑龍江 A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mary mothers 考點(diǎn)五 熟記下列慣用名詞復(fù)數(shù)的詞組with ones own eyes 親眼 make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友shake hands with sb. 與某人握手 take notes 做筆記the sports meeting 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)do (morning/eye) exercises 做早操/眼操cut/break into pieces 切成/打成碎片 the Olympic Games=the Olympics 奧運(yùn)會(huì) 中考英語試題中，考查名詞所占的比例很大?？疾榈男问桨▎雾?xiàng)選擇、完形填空、閱讀理解、短文填空和書