英語語法倒裝

1、倒裝句（INVERSION倒裝是一種語法手段，用以表示一定句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要和強(qiáng)調(diào)某一句子成分的需要，分為完全倒裝（complete inversion）和部分倒裝（partial inversion）。A. Here comes the car.（全部倒裝）全部倒裝：只將句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。Away went the boy.B. Never have I seen this kind of car. （B分倒裝） 部分倒裝：be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 提前到主語的前面。1 .完全倒裝There goes the bell.鈴響了Here com

2、es the bus.公共汽車來了Away went the boy. 那個(gè)男孩走開了。Out rushed the children.小孩子沖了出來。1 .以 here, there, now, thenUi4或 out, in, up, down, away等表示運(yùn) 動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首以示強(qiáng)調(diào)，句子要全部倒裝， 謂語動(dòng)詞常用 come,go, be, lie,run,rushio2 .表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語位于句首時(shí)A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hillAt the foot of the hill lies a beautifu

3、l lake 注意：在上述句子中，如果主語為人稱代詞，則主、謂不需要倒裝In he came and back he went again.Away he went .2 .部分倒裝把be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前到主語的前面Is am are was wer。be 動(dòng)詞）do does did 助動(dòng)詞）can could would may will might （情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）等l.only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句放在句首時(shí),要進(jìn)行部分 倒裝.Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.Only after he c

4、ame back was I able to see him.注：only修飾主語，仍用自然語序，如：Only socialism can save China.I seldom go to the cinema.倒裝：Seldom do I go to the cinema.我很少去看電影.I have never seen such a performance.倒裝： Never have I seen such a performance.我從來沒有看過這樣的 表演.2 .否定副詞及介詞短語的否定詞位于句首時(shí)。高考?？嫉倪@類詞或詞語有：never , not, seldom, hardl

5、y, little, nowhere, by no means, in no time等。3 .not until引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首引起的主句部分倒裝He didn t finish his homework until his mother came back.倒裝： Not until his mother came back did he finish his homework.直到他的媽媽回來，他才完成作業(yè)。The mother didn t leave the room until thefcehlliladsleep.倒裝： Not until the child fell asl

6、eep did the mother leave the room.等到孩子睡著了，媽媽才離開房間注意：當(dāng) Not until 引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。4 、 as/ though (雖然，盡管)引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句名詞形容詞副詞分詞+asthough+主語+其他Although I am ugly, I am gentle.倒裝： Ugly as I am, I am gentle.Though he is a child, he has to make a living.倒裝： Child as he is, he has to make a living.注意：從句的表語是名

7、詞，其名詞前不加任何冠詞5 .用于so nor neither 開頭的句子A、So +be助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語某人也是如此Nor/neither +be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語某人也不是如此1) . 他喜歡讀書，我也是He likes reading very much. So do I .2) . 我從來沒有去過廣州大學(xué)，他也是I have never been to Guangzhou University, neither/ nor has he.Betty is a nice girl. So she isB、So +主語+be傲動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞某人確實(shí)如此6 .在 hardly/sc

8、arcely/wheno sooner than; not only but also50.1. that; such的街娛句中，前倒后不倒.hardly/scarcely/ no sooner后句子的謂語用 had done, when/than后句子 的謂語用一般過去時(shí)(1) Hardly / Scarcely had he fallen asleep when a loud knock at the door awaked him.(2) No sooner had I reached the station than train moved.(3) Not only is he int

9、erested in football but also he plays it well.(4) So hard does he work that he has made great progress in English.7 . If虛擬條件從句中.從句有(were/should/had)(1) If I were you, I would work hard.倒裝： Were I you, I would work hard.(2) If it should rain tomorrow, we would put off our meeting.倒裝: Should it rain t

10、omorrow, we would put off our meeting.(3) If he had followed my advice, he would have succeeded.倒裝： Had he followed my advice, he would have succeeded.8 .May置句首，表示祝愿。May you succeed祝你成功！倒裝句的高考考點(diǎn): 全部倒裝 :1. 在以here、 there、 now、 then、 off、 away 等副詞開頭的句子里。2. 表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語位于句首時(shí)。部分倒裝1、 Only+ 狀語位于句首時(shí)2、 否定副詞或短語位

11、于句首時(shí)3、 as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句4、 So Neither Nor 位于句首時(shí)5、特殊句式5、 在省去if 的虛擬條件從句 中強(qiáng)化練習(xí)1. Not until all the fish died in the river how serious the pollutionwas.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realizeD. didn t the villagers realize2. Only in this way to make improvement in th

12、e operating system.A. you can hope B. you did hopeC. can you hope D. did you hope3. If Joe s wife doesn t go to the party, . （2007 全國 II）A. he will either B. neither will heC. he neither will D. either he will4. My room gets very cold at night. . （2007 江蘇 ）A. So is mineB. So mine isC. So does mineD.

13、 So mine does5five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should arriveB. If you arriveC. Had you arrivedD. Should you arrive6. It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night. My God! . （1997 上海 ）A. So did IB. So I didC. So were you D. So did you7. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life so happy.A. did I feelB. I feltC. I had feltD. had I felt8. Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else such a beautiful palace. （200遼寧4