勞工標準在建筑業(yè)中的運用ppt課件

1、Making Labour Standards in construction operational勞工標準在建筑業(yè)中的運用勞工標準在建筑業(yè)中的運用Contractual processes and contract clausesRebecca Scott WEDC, Loughborough UniversitySteps for implementation實施步驟實施步驟nIdentify gapsnIndicates where to focus attentionnThen move tonDefine a way aheadnImplementnMonitornInstitut

2、ionaliseIdentify Gaps 確定差距nReview current national labour law and policynReview standard contract documentsRole of the ContractA mechanism for implementing and monitoring application of standardsApplication influences areas of: legislation, technical aspects, and managementContract clauses 合同條款合同條款n

3、Contract clauses prevent short-cutsnWithout them, practice is unlikely to changenExamples of Clauses concerning Labour Standards:nFIDIC Conditions of Contract, Parts 1 & 2nWorld Bank standard documentsnDFID clausesnNational conditions: e.g. Ghana, IndiaComparing Clauses - 1 條款比較條款比較 -1Wage clausesFI

4、DIC Part II Clause 34(i) covers minimum rates of wagesDFID Clause A states, in addition, that payment should be in cash Ghana Cl 34.5 covers the displaying of notices informing workers of their entitlementsIndia Cl M requires the Contractor to pay not less than that paid for similar work in the neig

5、hbourhoodCl P makes “fair wage” a requirement Comparing Clauses - 2 條款比較條款比較 -2Sanitation facilitiesFIDIC Part II Clause 34(iv) requires the Contractor to provide sanitation at the accommodation provided for labourers DFID Cl D requires separate arrangements for men and womenGhana Cl 34.9 requires t

6、he Contractor to provide a specific type of latrineIndia Cl N requires the Contractor to provide “sanitary arrangements” at their own costGaps (cont.)差距差距nReview collective agreementsnResearch typical site practicenDevelop a baseline survey, if requiredIs safety equipment being both supplied and use

7、d?Are records of employment, wages, accidents, etc. being kept?What is the Contractors attitude to unions?Return to the next steps回到前面的步驟回到前面的步驟nDefine a way aheadnAgree roles and responsibilitiesnIdentify which Labour Standards to focus onnImplementnConsultationnAddress concerns, capacity, costsnRe

8、view contractsnEnsure communicationnMonitor: for compliancenUse of incentives or sanctions?nMeasure the impactnInstitutionalisenDocumentationnDevelop responsibilitiesnDevelop a strategyDetermining costs 敲定成本敲定成本nDirect and indirect costsnExamples (from Ghana):nHealth & Safety: 2-3% increase 6. Recor

9、d keepingnConsultation 7. Monitoring visitsnTraining materials 8. Awareness raisingnTraining sessions 9. Evaluating impactsnPre-bid briefing for ContractorsnIndirect: Late paymentsn Costs of applying other standards (e.g. increasing wages)nWho will pay? - Needs to be discussed and agreedStakeholders

10、 利益相關者利益相關者nRange of stakeholders involved:nGovernment n(Inter)national funding agenciesnCompanies: contractors, construction, NGOsnTrade Unions / workers representativesnResearch / academic units, and nothersnImportance of each ones position nAdherence to conditions, standards, agreementsnCompany p

11、oliciesnNational or international conventions, treaties, etc.nImpact of the broader “environment”n& interactionsnWhere does responsibility lie?Making operational實際運作實際運作nClauses express intentionsnMoving from what to how requires a greater level of detailnUse of detailed specificationsnEnables:nimpl

12、ementation (the Contractor), andnmonitoring (the Employer)Checklists: a starting pointHealth and safety to be assuredClothing & equipment:n What is to be providedn Responsibility for procurement, payment, storage & useWages to be sufficientPay records:n Maintaining recordsn Rates of pay for normal time and overtimen Dates / times at which wages paidWorking hours to be regulatedFlexibility:n Working hours accounting for seasonal changesSome examples:China context 中國的情況中國的情況nReview procurement proceduresnHas a str