五模塊一單元動名詞

1、 Module 5 Unit 1 Gerund (動名詞)動名詞動名詞是非謂動詞的一種形式，由動詞原形是非謂動詞的一種形式，由動詞原形+ing+ing構(gòu)成。它既有動詞的特征，又有名詞的構(gòu)成。它既有動詞的特征，又有名詞的特征，故稱特征，故稱動名詞動名詞?？纯聪旅娴木渥?，找找動名詞?？纯聪旅娴木渥?，找找動名詞。1.The happy singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.2.We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙聲) in the bushes.3.

2、He is waiting for you at the crossing.4. He can see a woman through the opening.5. Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher.6. He dislikes being interrupted in his speech. 7. They couldnt stand being treated like that.8. We regret having been unable to inform you of the meeting. 動名詞的句法功能動名詞的句法功能

3、 1） 動名詞在“It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure 等名詞 + doing”結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語，it為形式主語。例如： It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters. It is no use talking too much. 2） 動名詞在“It is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile 等形容詞 + doing”結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語。 例如： It is nice playing chess af

4、ter supper. It is useless sending him there. 3） 動名詞在“There is(was) no + doing”結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語。 例如： There is no denying that she is very efficient. There is no telling what he is going to do. 注意注意: 動名詞和不定式都可以作主語或表語,沒有太大區(qū)別.在表示經(jīng)常習(xí)慣性動作多用動名詞; 在表示具體某次動作, 特別是將來的動作時,多用不定式. Their job is building houses. Our task now

5、is to increase food production.有些動詞短語后也要求跟動名詞作賓語。常這樣用的動詞短語有：cant stand , cant help .有些動詞短語后也要求跟動名詞作賓語。常這樣用的動詞短語有：cant stand , cant help . He put off making a decision till he had more information. Do you feel like taking a walk? 介詞介詞 注意: 介詞后如果需要非謂語動詞作賓語,只能是動名詞,不可用不定式 . Are you good at playing footba

6、ll? 其他介詞不易錯,重點是介詞to .因為不定式符號也是to ,所以一定要記住有關(guān)的短語. ,動名詞與不定式作賓語的區(qū)別動名詞與不定式作賓語的區(qū)別 1)remember to do/doing記得去做/記得做過 Do remember to tell your mother. I remember telling my mother. 2)regret to do/doing表遺憾地(說)/表后悔 I regret to say/tell I must leave tomorrow. I regret not having told her earlier. 3) mean to do/d

7、oing計劃,打算做/意味著 Where do you mean to go in your vacation? Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 4) try to do/doing 盡力做/試著做 The boy tries to learn English well. The man lost the key, so he tried opening the door with a new key. 5) go on to do/doing 繼續(xù)做一件與前面內(nèi)容不同的事/ 繼續(xù)做一件與前面內(nèi)容一致的事 She waved

8、to me and went on painting. The old man read a poem, then went on to tell a story. 6) forget to do/doing 忘了要做某事/忘了做過某事 She forgot to bring the purse with her. She forgot bringing the purse with her. 7) stop to do/doing 停下來做另一件事/停止做某事 After riding a bike for an hour, I stopped to walk. They talked lo

9、udly. I told them to stop talking. 8) like/love/hate to do/doing 做具體的事情/表習(xí)慣 I like reading but I hate to read on Sunday. The boy hates getting up late, but he likes to get up late when he is free.動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動名詞前可以加一個 物主代詞或 名詞所有格來表示 這個動名詞邏輯上的主語 ，構(gòu)成動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)或動名詞短語 Do you mind my reading your pape

10、r? Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Roses going wont be of much help. 如果動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不是句子主語，這個結(jié)構(gòu)常用名詞普通格或人稱代詞賓格 I dont mind Jack (him) going. She hates young people (them) smoking.注注:復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語,只能用括號中間的結(jié)構(gòu)只能用括號中間的結(jié)構(gòu).作賓語兩者作賓語兩者均可。均可。1) Do you mind my /me opening the window? 2) Our g

11、oing there is allowed. 動名詞動名詞否定否定結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) 動名詞動名詞復(fù)合復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)not+動名詞代詞賓格代詞賓格(形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞)+動名詞動名詞名詞名詞(名詞所有格名詞所有格)+動名詞動名詞動名詞的兩個結(jié)構(gòu)動名詞的兩個結(jié)構(gòu)They felt sorry for not arriving in time.【在句首不能用【在句首不能用usus】3) Janes not having received proper training was to her disadvantage. 當(dāng)一個動名詞邏輯上的主語是動名詞動作的承受者, 這個動名詞一般要用被動形式 1

12、. 用作句子的主語。如： His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.主人對他的冷漠使他更加不舒服。 Being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. 被鯊魚吃掉是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事。 2. 用作動詞賓語或介詞賓語。如： He didnt mind being left at home. She couldnt bear being made fun of like that. We congratulated him on his being admitted to the Party

13、. They insisted on their being treated as ordinary workers. I dont remember having ever been given a chance to try this method. 1. It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure+ doing (1) It is no use talking too much. (2) It is no good crying. 2. It is useless/ nice/ good/ interesti

14、ng/ worthwhile It is worthwhile discussing the question again. 3. There is(was) no + doing There is no knowing what has happended. 4. There is no need/use/good/harm/hurry+ doing There is no harm pointing out his mistakes. 5. sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. I spent three weeks reading the book. 6

15、. be worth doing sth. The book is well worth reading again. 7. want/need/require +doing(表被動含義) (1) The sick woman needs looking after. 8. on doing (hearing/seeing/returning /arriving/opening) On hearing the news he jumped with joy. 9. have a good time /difficulty/trouble/fun/a pleasure/a hard time (in) doing sth I have some difficulty in finding out when the train leaves. 10. be busy doing sth. Now the students are busy preparing their lessons. 11. allow, permit, advise, forbid +doing We dont allow smoking here. He advised setting off at once. 而 allow, permit, advise, forb