2019-2020年高中英語Unit1LivingwellSectionⅢGrammar-復(fù)習(xí)動詞不定式教學(xué)案新人教版選修7

1、2019-2020 年高中英語 UnitILivingwellSection m Grammar-復(fù)習(xí)動詞不定式教學(xué)案新人教版選修7語法圖解動詞不定式, 一般時(shí)' ：to do e 進(jìn)行時(shí)i to be doing ' 完成時(shí)：to have done_五玉,主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài) v主動形式表示被動意義,帶S的動詞不定式； Hw 省略to的動詞不定式'動詞不定式的省略與替代語法功能（叮以在句中作主語、表語、食語、 賓補(bǔ)、定語或狀語需要注意的幾個(gè)問題探究發(fā)現(xiàn)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how

2、 to_make (make) me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt (adapt) to my disability.2. Then I started to get (get) weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium.3. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to_know

3、 (know) what the future holds.4. I am happy to_have found (find)many things I can do, like writing and puterprogramming.5. My ambition is to work (work) for a firm that develops puter software whenI grow up.6. Last year I invented a puter football game and a big pany has decided to_buy (buy) it from

4、 me.7. To look (look) after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile.8. I have to work hard to live (live) a normal life but it has been worth it.9. If I had a chance to say (say) one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not

5、 satisfying.10. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to_live (live) as rich and full a life as you do.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)以上句子皆用了動詞不定式。動詞不定式在句中可充當(dāng)賓語 (如句1、2、6),上 曳（如句3、7）,原因狀語（如句4）,莖|（如句5）,定語（如句9）及目的狀語（如句8、10）。（2）在句1中，“疑問詞 +動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中充當(dāng)賓語。（3）動詞不定式一般式的結(jié)構(gòu)為：3_do （如句1、2、3、5、6、7、8、9、10）;動詞不定

6、式完成式的結(jié)構(gòu)為：to_have done （如句4）一、動詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)1. 一般時(shí)動詞不定式的一般時(shí)（to do）所表示的動作通常與謂語動詞所表示的動作（或狀態(tài)）同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。1 noticed him go out .我看見他出去了。（notice與go out同時(shí)發(fā)生）I plan to attend the party to be held tomorrow.我打算參加明天舉行的聚會。（attend的動作在plan后發(fā)生）2 .進(jìn)行時(shí)動詞不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)（to be doing）表示不定式的動作與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。They are reported to be

7、 working hard .據(jù)報(bào)道他們正努力地工作。（be reported 與work同時(shí)發(fā)生）I am very glad to be working with you.我非常樂意與你一起工作。（be glad與work同時(shí)發(fā)生）3 .完成時(shí)動詞不定式的完成時(shí)（to have done）表示不定式的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之 前。I'm very sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time.很抱歉讓你久等了。 （keep發(fā)生在be sorry 前）He is believed to have e .相信他已經(jīng)來了。（e發(fā)生在

8、believe 前）名師點(diǎn)津（1）在 intended, expected, hoped, promised, wanted, wished, thought等后常用動詞不定式的完成時(shí)，表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、期待或計(jì)劃等。（2）在seem, appear, think, consider, believe等表示看法與想法的動詞后常用動詞不定式的完成時(shí)，表示該動作先于另一個(gè)動作發(fā)生。此結(jié)構(gòu)也常用以it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)代替。（3）常見的可接動詞不定式完成時(shí)的形容詞有：happy, sad, disappointed, satisfied,likely, surprised 等。I hoped t

9、o have finished the work earlier.我本希望早點(diǎn)兒完成那項(xiàng)工作。I intended to have helped you.我本打算幫助你。He seems to have bought the new book.=It seems that he has bought the new book.他好像已買了那本新書。She is not likely to have got our letter.她很可能還沒收到我們的信。即時(shí)演練1用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(xx d匕京高考改編 )To make (make) it easier to get in touch w

10、ith us, you'd better keep this card at hand.(xx -陜西高考改編 )To work (work) out the difficult maths problem, I have concluded Professor Russell several times.(xx 山東高考改編 )I stopped the car to take(take) a short break as I was feeling tired.(xx 重慶高考改編 )The engine just won't start. Something seems

11、to_have_gone (go) wrong with it.二、動詞不定式的語態(tài)4 .主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)(1)動詞不定式有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種形式；(2)在主動語態(tài)中動詞不定式與其邏輯主語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系；(3)在被動語態(tài)中動詞不定式與其邏輯主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系；有一般時(shí) to be done和完成 時(shí)to have been done兩種形式。We were very excited to hear the news .聽到那則消息，我們很興奮。It's a great honour for me to be invited .能被邀請，甚是榮幸。(me是invite 動作的承受者)N

12、o harm seems to have been done .似乎并沒有什么危害發(fā)生。(harm是do的承受者；且發(fā)生在 seem前)5 .動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義(1)動詞不定式作定語與被修飾詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，同時(shí)與句中另一名詞或代詞有邏輯上 的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。We have masses of work to do today.Hurry up!今天，我們有很多工作要做?？禳c(diǎn)兒！(2)在“be +性質(zhì)形容詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中。The water is not fit to drink , so hold out until we get to a shop.這水不能喝。堅(jiān)持住，我們會

13、找到商店的。(3)動詞不定式與疑問代詞連用時(shí)。What to do next hasn't been decided.下一步該做什么還沒有決定。(4)在“be to blame ”中常用主動形式表示被動意義。I felt I was to blame for this bicycle accident.我覺得這次自行車事故怪我。(5)當(dāng)動詞不定式的邏輯主語不清楚或不是句子的主語時(shí)，此時(shí)主動和被動結(jié)構(gòu)都可用，而且在語意上并沒有多大區(qū)別。He is the very man to choose/to be chosen for the work .他正是這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。Give me

14、a list of people to invite/to be invited .給我一份需要邀請的人的名單。即時(shí)演練2補(bǔ)全句子(xx 北京高考改編 )There are still many problems to_be_solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我們準(zhǔn)備好長久待在月球上之前還有很多問題需要解決。(xx 四川高考改編 )The airport to be pleted next year will help promote tourism in this area.明年將要完工的機(jī)場會有助于促進(jìn)這一地區(qū)的

15、旅游業(yè)發(fā)展。(xx 遼寧高考改編 )This machine is very easy to operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.這臺機(jī)器很容易操作。任何人都能在幾分鐘內(nèi)學(xué)會使用它。三、動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)1 .帶to的動詞不定式能直接跟帶to的動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞主要有ask, tell, hope, wish, learn, decide,want, forget, love, stop 等。I want to go to the movies with you.我想跟你一起去看電影。Don't forget to

16、turnoff the light before you leave.在你離開之前別忘了關(guān)燈。2省略to 的動詞不定式在 feel, hear, listen to, make, let, have, see, look at, watch, notice, observe等使役動詞和感官動詞（ 短語 ） 后，動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)常省略to 。I felt the earth shake at that moment.那時(shí)，我感到地球在晃動。I often hear him sing the song.我經(jīng)常聽見他唱這首歌。 名師點(diǎn)津 這些詞在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)，to 不能省略，此時(shí)不定式作主

17、語補(bǔ)足語。He is often heard to sing the song.他經(jīng)常被人聽見唱這首歌。 巧學(xué)助記 不帶 to 的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語一感二聽三讓四看，有些動詞（ 短語 ） 跟不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)省去to ，具體如下：一感：feel二聽：hear, listen to三讓：let, have, make四看：observe, see, watch, notice3動詞不定式的省略與替代在 expect, hope, wish, mean, prefer, forget, want, try及 used to, would like,should love 等后面常常使用to 來替

18、代前面的不定式，以避免重復(fù)。I haven't been to the Great Wall, but I wishto .我沒有去過長城，但是我希望去。 Would you like to go with us? I hope to , but I am too busy.你能和我們一起去嗎？used tobe 或 have 的任何形式，要保留 be 或 have我想去，但是我太忙了。He doesn't like playing football, but he他不喜歡踢足球，但是他過去喜歡。 名師點(diǎn)津 倘若承前省略的不定式中含有或其相應(yīng)的某種形式。China is not

19、 what she used to be .中國不再是從前的中國了。 Didn't he tell you to attend the meeting? No, I ought to have been ( told ) 他沒有告訴你要開會嗎？是的，我本該被告知的。即時(shí)演練3補(bǔ)全句子I decided to_buy （決定買）an iPad to learn English.His brother wishedto_win the first prize （獲得一等獎）. Let him try once more （讓他再試一次 ）;that is, give him another

20、 chance.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was askednot to （ 不要停在路邊）.四、動詞不定式的語法功能1 .動詞不定式可以在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語或狀語（目的、原因、結(jié)果或條件）。To see is to believe .眼見為實(shí)。He wanted to go .他想去。He asked me to do the work with him .他讓我和他一起做那項(xiàng)工作。The farmers thought of ways to protect their crops .

21、農(nóng)民們想出了保護(hù)莊稼的辦法。Check your position to avoid mistakes .為避免錯(cuò)誤，檢查一下你的作文。2 .需要注意的幾個(gè)問題（1）動詞不定式短語作主語時(shí)，往往放在謂語之后，用 it作形式主語。It is right to give up smoking .戒煙是對的。（2）動詞不定式短語作賓語時(shí)，如果還帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語，往往把動詞不定式放在賓語補(bǔ) 足語之后，而用it作形式賓語。I find it very interesting to study English .我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語很有趣。（3）作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞或動詞不定式所修飾的名詞是動詞不定式動作

22、的 地點(diǎn)、工具等，動詞不定式后須有相應(yīng)的介詞。There is nothing to worry about .沒有什么可以擔(dān)憂的。He is looking for a room to live in .他正在尋找房子住。Please give me a knife to cut with請給我一把切東西的刀子。(4)不定式作目的狀語除了用"to do "表示外，還可以使用 in order to do 或so asto do 。We turned the lights off in order not to waste electricity.為了不浪費(fèi)電，我們關(guān)了那些

23、燈。(5)動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)常常表示一種出乎意料的結(jié)果，其前往往有only作為標(biāo)志。He hurried to the school, only to find nobody there .他急忙趕到學(xué)校，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)沒人在那兒。She got to the station hurriedly,only to find the train had gone.她匆匆忙忙趕到車站，發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。名師點(diǎn)津現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作結(jié)果狀語常常表示一種意料之中的結(jié)果。It hasn't rained for a month,making the crops hard to grow .一個(gè)月沒下

24、雨了，使莊稼很難生長。(6)動詞不定式在句中作插入語；常用的這類動詞不定式短語有：to tell the truth說實(shí)tto be frank坦白地說；to be exact確切地說；to begin with 首先等。To tell the truth , I don't agree with you.說實(shí)話，我不同意你的意見。即時(shí)演練4單句語法填空To be (be) honest, I don't agree with what you said.He hurried to t he station, only to_be_told (tell) that the ti

25、ckets had been sold out.We found it_difficult to finish the work on time. It seems that he has a lot of things to worryabout.課后強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練I .用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. 一 Can we catch the first train for Shanghai? Sure, but to_get (get) to the station in time, we'll set off one hour earlier than usual.2. I consider

26、it a pity for you not to have attended (attend) our party.3. I know where to go (go) but I don't know how to_get (get) there.4. You appear to_have travelled (travel) to quite a lot of places around the world.5. My parents seemed to_be_talking (talk) about something interesting when I got home.6.

27、 一 See you later , Mr Black. Pleased to_have met(meet) you. Me too. See you later.7. To_make (make) this cake, you will need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.8. She wanted to_see (see) which shop offered the best service.9. 一 Do you have anything to_be_typed (type), sir. Nothing at present.10. Th

28、e snow seemed to_have been blown (blow) from the top of the mountain.Not really. It was not so windy last night.n .單句寫作1. To_stay_warm_at_night,I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.為了在晚上保持溫暖，我會往爐子里添柴，并把鬧鐘定到午夜以便我可以起來給爐火重 新添柴。2. I am sorry to_have given

29、 you so much trouble.給你添了這么多麻煩真抱歉。3. I would like to treat you to tea this evening, if you would_like_to.如果你愿意，今晚我請你喝茶。4. Newtechnologies have made _it possible to_turn_out new products faster andat a lower cost.新的技術(shù)已經(jīng)讓以更低的成本更快地生產(chǎn)出新的產(chǎn)品成為可能。5. Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds to_st

30、ay_away.有時(shí)候鳥叫聲是一種讓其他鳥離開的警告。6. . The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy to watch anything that happened to be on.這位老人每天晚上坐在電視機(jī)前，高興地看著正在發(fā)生的一切。7. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced to raise people's concern over food safety.據(jù)政府官員說，還要制作更多的電

31、視節(jié)目以提高對食品安全的關(guān)注。8. We feel it our duty to make our country a better place.我們感到使我們的國家變得更好是我們的責(zé)任。9. . The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to_tell one_from_theother.這兩個(gè)女孩長得如此相像以至于陌生人都發(fā)現(xiàn)很難將其中一個(gè)與另外一個(gè)區(qū)分開來。10. The ability to_express an idea is as important as the idea itself.表達(dá)想法的能力和

32、想法本身一樣重要。m.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式或相關(guān)詞完成短文Hardly can you succeed in doing something perfectly the first time you do it.Therefor, when you do something for the first time, it is time 1.to_give (give) up the idea of perfection.I remember the first time I 2.drove (drive) a car in traffic after getting my driver'

33、s license. I was very nervous in that heavy traffic my driving style showed that I wasn't a very confident driver. Now I'm much more experienced as a driver.3.Although I still don't consider myself a perfect one, I'm much more confident behind the wheel than 4.what I was when I start

34、ed.In general, 5.it_ is useless 6.to_work (work) hard for doing something perfectly when you do it for the first time. You are setting the bar so high 7.that you just feel bad when you are unable 8.to meet (meet) the level you have set.Also, perfection is just another way 9.to_delay (delay), so 10.t

35、rying (try) to be perfect is just a waste of time. You should work hard for excellence instead.2019-2020年高中英語 UnitILivingwell單元小結(jié)教學(xué)案新人教版選修7Yang's ambition was to get an architectcertificate or bee a bowling master. But when he was conducting experiments with a microscope in the basement, atank o

36、n the bench exploded, sending him flying outwards through the exit . He was out of breath when knowing he lost his eyesight as well as 70% of his hearing . In other words, he was disabled .Feeling clumsy , he wasannoyedat first though nobody made fun of him. He cut out going outdoors and just sat around at home looking at his parrot or tortoise silently. His sister resign ed to help him in many ways. Her assistance and encouragement were so beneficial to his psychology that he adapted to his disability soon and became outg