湖北省武漢為明初中英語 學(xué)習(xí)常見錯(cuò)誤一覽表C 人教新目標(biāo)版

1、湖北省武漢為明實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校初中英語 學(xué)習(xí)常見錯(cuò)誤一覽表c 人教新目標(biāo)版ccall 誤 i'll call at mr brown.正 i'll call on mr brown.誤 i'll call on mr brown's home.正 i'll call at mr brown's home.析 作"拜訪"講時(shí)，at后面接訪問地點(diǎn)，而on后面接訪問的人。 call on drop in visit call on比較正式的為公務(wù)的訪問，如：we were called on by the old students. 而dr

2、op in則是比較隨便的走走，順便拜訪，如：if you're free, drop in. 而visit則是更正式的外交訪問或友好往來，如：my school's headmaster will visit america next week.can 誤 a blind man can not judge colours.正 a blind man cannot judge colours.誤 i cann't call for you at ten.正 i can't call for you at ten.析 can的否定形式應(yīng)為cannot或can

3、9;t.誤 it's only six o'clock. that mustn't be the postman.正 it's only six o'clock. that can't be the postman.析 must用來表示一種肯定的推斷，如：she must have some problems. she keeps crying. 但在否定句中則要用can't， 要表示對(duì)過去的推測(cè)則要用"must+have+過去分詞"的表達(dá)法，如：the lights have gone out.a fuse must

4、 have blown.而對(duì)過去的否定推測(cè)則多用"can't+have+過去分詞"，如：i don't think he can have heard you. call again.誤 we could not help to laugh at once.正 we could not help laughing at once.正 we could not help but laugh at once.析 "couldn't help+動(dòng)名詞"表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but與could not but

5、后面要加不帶to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：you could not (help) but respect him.can be able to can與be able to都可以用來表示能力，但can只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過去時(shí)，be able to則可用任何時(shí)態(tài)，如：he will be able to teach the child. 但要表示經(jīng)過努力而達(dá)到的一次性動(dòng)作則只能用be able to，如：he finally was able to jump over 210 meters. 或：the plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但

6、要注意的是這兩個(gè)詞都沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而be able to后面不接不定式的被動(dòng)態(tài)。can could can與could都可以用在現(xiàn)在時(shí)的口語中，只是用could更為禮貌，語氣更委婉。如：could you tell us a story? care 誤 i don't care coffee.正 i don't care for coffee.誤 take care for your steps.正 take care of your steps.析 care for是"對(duì)某物感興趣"，而care of是"關(guān)心，要當(dāng)心某事"，如：she

7、didn't care for him. take care of what you are doing.誤 i don't care where we will go if it doesn't rain.正 i don't care where we go if it doesn't rain.析 在it doesn't matter, i don't care, i don't mind, 及in case引出的狀語從句后面要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。如：i've got a football in case we have

8、 time for a game.change 誤 i want to change my camera with that one.正 i want to change my camera for that one.析 change for為"以某物為交換物"。而change with則是"隨而變"，如：the wood's colour changed with the season.cheap 誤 a teacher's salary is generally very cheap.正 a teacher's salary

9、is generally very low.析 工資的高低要用low，cheap是指價(jià)格便宜，如果要講物美價(jià)廉則要用not expensive, 如：this car is not expensive.choose 誤 we each had to have a choose of a or b.正 we each had to have a choice of a or b.析 choice是名詞，而choose是動(dòng)詞。class 誤 the class is watching tv.正 the class are watching tv.析 class作主語時(shí)，如果作為整體講則應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式

10、的謂語動(dòng)詞，如：the class was more than forty in number. 如考慮到具體的每個(gè)成員時(shí)則應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞，如：the class are, in general, very bright.clean 誤 sorry, i didn't bought it here. i cleanly forgot.正 sorry, i didn't bought it here. i clean forgot.析 clean可以作為副詞講，其意為"完全"，而cleanly則意為"正確地"、"干凈利落地

11、"，如：the knife doesn't cut cleanly. 而clean作為形容詞講時(shí)意為"清潔的"、"干凈的"，如：her face is not clean now.clever 誤 i'm not clever in english.正 i'm not clever at english.析 clever at是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特長(zhǎng)。close 誤 it is cold outside. please keep the door close.正 it is cold outside. please

12、 keep the door closed.析 這里的close是動(dòng)詞，意為"關(guān)閉"，而keep后要加形容詞，所以要用close的過去分詞形式closed作形容詞。作形容詞用的close意為"近的"、"親密的"。誤 come closely so that i can see you.正 come close so that i can see you.誤 good teaching and good testing are close related.正 good teaching and good testing are clos

13、ely related.析 close,closely同樣可以作副詞用，但其意義不同，close是"靠近"、"接近"之意，而closely則是"緊密"、"嚴(yán)密"、"密切"之意。誤 my school was quite close from my home.正 my school was quite close to my home.析 "與接近"是close to，例如：he was close to fifty.there is a busstop close to th

14、e station.close shut turn shut與close是同義詞，如close the door或shut the door. 但要講把某人關(guān)在門外時(shí)則只能用shut somebody out而不能用close，因shut語氣較強(qiáng)，并含有隔離之意。而turn off是指關(guān)上電視、電燈、煤氣之類，有切斷之意。cloth 誤 the children wear very good cloth to go to school.正 the children wear very good clothes to go to school.誤 i need a lot of clothing

15、.i'm going to make a new cloth. 正 i need a lot of cloth.i'm going to make a new dress. 析 cloth是"布"、"布料"，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。一塊布料是a piece of cloth, 而clothes統(tǒng)指衣服，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，"一套衣服"要講a suit of clothes， 如果是"一件件衣服"應(yīng)講shirt, dress, sweater等。而clothing是衣物的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞。例如：this clothi

16、ng is needed in warm countries.her clothes are made of fine cloth.英語中的dress是指比較正式的服裝，如a school dress(校服)，a student dress(學(xué)生套裝)，a working dress(工作服)。coffee 誤 please give me two waters.正 please give me two coffees.正 please give me two cups of water.析 雖然coffee, water, tea等都是物質(zhì)名詞，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干

17、杯coffee,而其他的卻不行，其前要加a cup of或a glass of.colour(color) 誤 colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.正 flowers are red, yellow and white.析 中文的"花的顏色有紅色、黃色和白色"，若譯為英文colours of flowers are，就顯得重復(fù)了。誤 i like green colour.正 i like green.正 i like colour green.析 colour green中的colour是green的同位語，所以這種說

18、話方式英語是可以接受的。come 誤 i came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.正 i came across an old friend in the street yesterday.析 come across是"偶然碰見、遇見"，要直接加賓語，如：i've just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.誤 where do you come from?i come from the station. 正 where did you c

19、ome from?i came from the station. 正 where do you come from?i come from china. 析 where do you come from?意為"你是什么地方的人?"而where did you come from?則是"你從何處來?" 誤 the stars are coming out from the cloud.正 the stars are coming out of the cloud.析 come out of意為"從地方出來"。come in come

20、into enter come in與come into的意義相同，但come into后面要加賓語，而come in后面不用賓語。如i found someone came into my room. the door opened and the child came in.enter常作為及物動(dòng)詞使用，如：the bus entered the english tunnel.congratulate 誤 i want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.正 i want to congratulate you on

21、 your success with all my heart.析 動(dòng)詞congratulate somebody on something是"向某人祝賀某事"。其名詞congratulation在用時(shí)一般要用復(fù)數(shù)，如：i offered him my congratulations on his success.又如：congratulations!cook 誤 my father is a good cooker.正 my father is a good cook.析 很多動(dòng)詞加上er則變?yōu)閳?zhí)行該動(dòng)作的一種人，如workworker,teachteacher. 但co

22、ok即是動(dòng)詞"做飯"，同時(shí)名詞也是"廚師"。而cooker則是"廚具"、"炊具"之意。如：i will cook the dinner. i bought a good press cooker(高壓鍋)。corner 誤 there is a post office in the corner of the street.正 there is a post office at the corner of the street.誤 a girl sat at the corner of the room.正 a g

23、irl sat in the corner of the room.析 in the corner是在建筑物內(nèi)部的角上，而at the corner是在外部的角上，如：there is a big tree at the corner of the building.cost 誤 i cost ten dollars for the book.正 i spent ten dollars on the book.誤 i cost two hours to do my homework.正 it took me two hours to do my homework.析 cost, spend.

24、take都可以作"花費(fèi)"講，但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+時(shí)間或金錢"，如：the book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+時(shí)間+(in)doing something"，如：i spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金錢+on something"，如：i spend two dollars on this book. 而take

25、的用法則要用邏輯主語it:"it+takes+somebody+時(shí)間+to do something", 如：it took me an hour to clean the classroom.country 誤 you can find cows in a country.正 you can find cows in the country.析 country即可作"國家"講，也可作"農(nóng)村"講。當(dāng)作"農(nóng)村"講時(shí)，一定要加定冠詞，而且只有單數(shù)形式。例如：誤 farmers live in the countries.正 farmers live in the country.析 但作為"國家"講時(shí)則可有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：japan is an asian country. japan, china, and india are asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的國家，如：new zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族組成的國家，如：the chinese nation(中華民族)。state多側(cè)重于政權(quán)方面的區(qū)