2016年北京高考英語(yǔ)試題及答案

1、絕密啟用前2016年普通高等學(xué)校全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語(yǔ)本試卷共16頁(yè)，共150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間為120分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷 上作答無(wú)效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力理解（共三節(jié)：30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話你將聽一遍。1. What does the man want to borrow?A.A pen cil.B.A n eraser.C.A pen.2. What

2、is the woma n doing now?A.Eati ng.B.Go ing home.C.Havi ng group study.3. What does the man have for earthquake preparati on?A.A can dle.B.A radio. C.A flashlight.4. Where does the con versati on most probably take place?A.ln a bank.B. I n a hotel.C.ln a store.5. Where will the man go for his holiday

3、?A.Brazil.B.De nm ark.C.Greece.第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）聽下面4段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6. Whe n does the supermarket close on Sun days?A.At 5:00 pm.B.At 7:00 pm.C. At 8:00 pm.7. What have the two speakers decided

4、to do now?聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8. Why does the man make the call?A. To make a book ing.B. To make a suggesti on.C. To make an appo in tme nt.9. When will the man return from London?A.On March 10.B. On March 12.C. On March 22.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10. What is the possible relati on ship betwee n the two speaker

5、s ?A. Headmaster and teacher.B. Ma nager and customer.C. Boss and clerk.11.O n which of followi ng days will woma n work?A.Wed nesday.B. Saturday.C. Su nday.12. How ofte n will the woma n have on-the-job training?A. Once a week.B. Once a mon th.C. Once a year.聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。13. What is the speaker

6、 mainly talk ing about?A. Course materials.B. After-school activities.C. Chan ges in the timetable.14. What will the first class be today?A.E nglish.B.History.C.Art.15. Which group will meet on Friday?A. The debati ng group.B. The han dball group.C. The music group.第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面一段對(duì)話，完成第

7、16至第20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個(gè) 詞。聽對(duì)話前，你將A.Go shopp ing.B.Take awalk.C.Havedinner有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。這段對(duì)話你將聽兩遍。Customer Service FormRoom No.16NameGeorge17Pho ne No.61-293-312097EventBook ing a（n）18Leavi ng:1:20 pm from the hotel to the MQ19Returni ng:8:00 pm waiti ng20the MQ and then back tohotel第二部分：知

8、識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的ABCD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例:Its so nice to hear from her again_,we last me t more than thirty years ago.A. Whats moreB.Thats to sayC.ln other wordsD.Believe it or not答案是D。21.Jack_ in the lab whe n the power cut occurred.A.works B.has workedC.was

9、worki ngD.would work22.1 live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.A.whose B.why C.where D.which23.Excuse me,which movie are you wait ing for?The new Star Wars.We_ here for more tha n two hours.A.waited B.wait C.would be wait ingD.have bee n waiti ng24. Your support is importan

10、t to our work. _ You can do helps.A.However B.Whoever C.Whatever D.Wherever25.1 _half of the En glish no vel,a nd I ll try to finish it at the weeke nd.A.read B.have read C.am read ing D.will read26. _it easier to get intouch with us, youd better keep thiscard at hand.A.Made B. MakeC. Mak ing D.To m

11、ake27. My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _he s in his nineties.A.aslong as B.as ifC. eve n thoughD.i n case28. _ over a week ago,the books are expected to arriveanytime now.A. Orderi ngB. To orderC. Havi ng orderedD. Ordered29. The most pleasa nt thi ng of the rai ny seas on is_on e ca

12、n be en tirely free from dust.A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why30. The stude nts have bee n work ing hard on their less ons and their efforts_ success in theen d.A. rewardedB. were rewardedC. will rewardD. will be rewarded31.1 love the weeke nd,because I_get up early on Saturdays and Sun days.A. neednt

13、B. mustntC. wouldn tD. shouldn t32. Newly-built woode n cottages line the street,_the old tow n into a dreamla nd.A. turnB. turni ngC. to turnD. turned33. I really enjoy liste ning to music_it helps me relax and takes my mind away from othercares of the day.A. becauseB.beforeC. uni essD. un til34. W

14、hy didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you_me, I could have helped.A. toldB. had toldC. were to tell D. would tell35. I am not afraid of tomorrow,_ I have see n yesterday and I love today.A.so B. andC. for D. but第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上講

15、該項(xiàng)涂黑。A Race Agai nst DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due toheavy snow.On the 20th of that mon th, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious（傳染的disease ma in ly affecti ng childre n. The childre n

16、 of Nome would be 37_if it struck thetow n. Dr.Welch n eeded medici ne as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38, theclosest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns 39 was already full of ice, so it could nt come byship. Cars an

17、d horses could nt travel on the 40 roads. Jet airpla nes and big trucks did nt exist yet.41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nomes townofficials came up with a（n） 43. They would have the medicine sent by _44from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled（狗拉雪橇d

18、riversknown as“mushers wuld45 it to Nome in a relay（接力）.The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train atNenana and rode all ni ght. 46 he han ded the medici ne to the n ext musher, Shannons face was blackfrom the extreme cold.On January 31,a musher na

19、med Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Soundt was the most 48part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimesbreak up without warning.lf that happe ned,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,a ndso would the sick childre n of Nome.But

20、 Seppala made it across.A huge sno wstorm hit on February 1.Amushern amed Kaase n had to brave this storm.At onepoint,huge piles of sonw blocked his _50_He had to leave the trail （雪橇痕跡）to get aroundthem.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The onlyhope was Bal

21、to,KaasenaS dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 5 2 to find the smell ofother dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minu tespassed by.Sudde nly, Balto bega n to 53 .He had foung the trailAt 5:30 am on February 2, Kaase n and his dog 54 in Nome. Wi

22、thin mi nu tes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick childre n. All of them recoverd.Nome had bee n 55.36.A.exam inedB.warnedC.interviewedD.cured37.A.harmlessB.helplessC. fearlessD.careless38.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However39.A.airportB.statio nC. harborD.border40.A. nar

23、rowB. snowyC.busyD.dirty41.A.FromB. OnC.ByD.After42.A.tiredB.upsetC. paleD.sick43.A.pla nB.excuseC.messageD.topic44.A.airB.railC. seaD.road45.A. carryB.returnC. mailD.give46.A. ThoughB.Si neeC. WhenD.If47.A.e nterB.moveC. visitD.cross48.A.shamefulB.bori ngC.da ngerousD.foolish49.A.escapeB.bleedC. sw

24、imD.die50.A.memoryB.exitC.wayD.desti nati on51.A.findB.fixC. passD.change52.A.pretendingB.tryi ngC. ask ingD.learni ng53.A.ru nBeaveC. biteD.play54.A.gatheredB.stayedC. campedD.arrived55. A.co ntrolledB.savedC.foun dedD.developed第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),20分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文：從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)

25、，將正確的選項(xiàng)涂在答題卡上。December 15, 2014Dear Alfred,I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Grow ing up, I had people tell ing me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, Ianything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD（注意力缺陷多動(dòng)障礙）. Anxious all the time, I was unablet

26、o keep focused for more than an hour at a time.However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about thecomputer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five releva ntpre-college courses.While I

27、was explori ng my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wan ted to go to college after high school, but couldnt . So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discoveredthe on li ne computer courses of your trai ning cen ter.Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advaneed Ma

28、thematics. Currently, Irlearning your Probabilitycourse. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written no tes from your video. This has give n me a purpose.Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have ateam t

29、o talk to. Luckily, I discovered the jobData An alystthis month and have bee n going full steam ahead. I want toprove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, mycompetitors.Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow

30、my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because Imdoing someth ing, not because some one towhsndo ing good. I feel whole.This is why youre saving my life.Yours,Tanis56. why didt Tan is go to college after high school?A.She had lear ned eno ugh about computer scie neeB. She had more di

31、fficulty keeping foucesedC. She preferred tak ing on li ne coursesD. She was too slow to lear n57. As for the worki ng en vir onmen t,Ta ins prefers .A .work ing by herselfB. deali ng with the publicC. competi ng aga inst othersD. stayi ng with ADHD stude nts58. Ta nis wrote this letter in order to_

32、.A. expla in why she was in terested in the computerB. share the ideas she had for her professi onC .show how grateful she was to the cen terD.describe the courses she had take n so farBSurviving Hurricane Sandy（颶風(fēng)桑迪）Natalie Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a

33、 fewblocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house.Itsthat makes Rockaway so special,”she says.On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the EastCoast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalies family esca

34、ped to Brooklynshortly before the citys bridge closed.When they retur ned to Rockaway the n ext day, they found their n eighborhood in ruins. Manyof Natalies frieiaotlslost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people weresuffering, especially the elderly. Natalie school was so damag

35、ed that she had to temporarilyatte nd a school in Brookl yn.In the followi ng few days, the men and wome n helpi ng Rockaway recover in spired Natalie.Volun teers came with carloads of don ated cloth ing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time tohelp ing others rebuild. Teen agers climbed doze

36、ns of flights of stairs to deliver water and food toelderly people trapped in powerless high-rise build in gs.“My mom tells me that I can t control what happens to me,”Natalie says.“but I can achoose how I deal with it.Natalies choice was to help.She created a website page, matchi ng survivors in n

37、eed with donors who wan ted to halp. Natalie posted informationabout a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned dow n. With in days, Patrickscollecti on was replaced.In the coming mon ths, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new bas

38、ketball; Charlie, whogot a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway. Her effortsmade her a famous person. Last April, she was in vited to the White House and honored as a Hurrica ne Sandy Champi onof Chan ge.Today, the scars（倉(cāng)U痕）of destruct

39、 ion are still see n in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, andmany homes have bee n rebuilt.lea nitmag ine livi ng any where but Rockaway,”Natalie declares.“Myneighlbbehbodk, even stronger than before.59._Whe n Natalie retur ned to Rockaway after thehurrica ne ,she found_ .A. s

40、ome friends had lost their livesB. her n eighborhood was destroyedC. her school had moved to Brookl ynD. the elderly were free from sufferi ng60. Accord ing to paragraph 4,who in spired Natalie most?A. The people helpi ng Rockaway rebuildB. The people trapped in high-rise buildi ngC. The volun teers

41、 don ati ng money to survivorsD. Local tee nagers bringing cloth ing to elderly people61. How did Natalie help the survivors?A. She gave her toys to the kidsB. She took care of youn ger childre nC. She called on the White House to helpD. She built an in formati on shari ng platform62. What does the

42、story intend to tell us?A. L ittle people can make a big differe nee63.Califor nia con dors attract researchersin terest becau se theyB. A friend in n eed is a friend in deedC. East or West,home is bestD. Tech no logy is powerCCalifor nia Con dors Shock ing RecoveryCalifor nia con dors are North Ame

43、ricalargest birds, with win d-le ngth ofup to 3 meters .In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning（鉛中毒）nearlydrove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatme nt arehelp ing to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were take n from the wild to

44、be bred（繁殖）.Since1992, there have bee n multiple rei ntroductio ns to the wild, and there are now more tha n 150 flyi ng over Califor nia and nearby Ariz ona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.Electrical lines have bee n killi ng them off.“As they go in to rest for the ni ght, they just donsee the power lines

45、, s”ys Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting inelectrocution（電死）if they touch two lines at once.So scie ntists have come up with a shock ing idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clearof electrical lines by giving

46、them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freebirds died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead pois oning has proved more difficult to deal with. When con dors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead,they absorb large quantities

47、of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead tokidney（腎）failures and death. So con dors with high levels of lead are sent to Los An geles Zoo, where they are treated withcalcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This w

48、ork is start ing to pay off. The annualdeath rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideouts team thi nks that the California con dorsaverage survival time in the wild is nowjust un der eight years.“Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for no

49、w,he says.“They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put i nto recoveri ng them.A.are active at ni ghtB. had to be bred in the wildC. are found on in CaliforniaD. almost died out in the 1980s64. Researchers have found electrical li nes are_.A. blocki ng con dorsjourney homeB. big kill

50、ers of Califorbnia condorasC. rest places for con dors at ni ghtD. used to keep con dors away65. Accord ing to Paraghaph 5 ,lead pois oning_ .A. makes con dors too n ervous to flyB. has li ttle effect on con dorskid neysC. can hardly be gotte n rid of from con dorsbloodD. makes it difficult for con

51、dors to produce baby birds66. The passage shows that_.A. the average survival time of con dors is satisfactoryB. Rideouts research intefes in electric engineeringC. the efforts to protect con dors bave brought good resultsD. researchers have found the final an swers to the problemDWhy College Is Not

52、 HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy（自主性）andthe development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolesce nee, duri ng which manyof todaystude nts and are not shouldered with adult resp on sibilities.For previous gen era

53、tio ns, college was a decisive break from pare ntal con trol; guida nee and support n eeded to comefrom people of the same age and from with in. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependenceon family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have in creased sig ni f

54、ica ntly. Some pare nts go so far as to helpwith coursework. In stead of promoti ng the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to aut onomyand adult resp on sibility, uni versities have give n in to the idea that they should provide the same en viro nment as that of thehome.To p

55、repare for in creased aut ono my a nd resp on sibility, college n eeds to be a time of explorati onand experime ntatio n. This process in volves“trying on”new ways of thinking about on eself bothin tellectually（在思維方面）and pers on ally. While we should provide“safe spaces”within colleges,we must also

56、make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growthand flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning.Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community（群體）differs from the family, many stude nts will struggle to find a

57、sense of bel ongin g. If stude nts relyon administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing thechalle nge of finding an ide ntity with in a larger and complex com muni ty.Moreover, the tendency for uni versities to mon itor and shape stude nt behavior runs up

58、 aga instano ther characteristic of young adults: the resp onse to being con trolled by their elders. Ifacceptable social behavior is too strictly defi ned（規(guī)定）and con trolled, the insen sitive or aggressive behavior that adm inistrators are seek ing to mini mize may actually be en couraged.It is not

59、 surpris ing that young people are likely to burst out, particularly whe n there are reas onsto do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What islack ing today is the con flict betwee n adolesce nts desire for aut onomy and their un dersta nding of anunsa

60、fe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experie nee intellectual growth.Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of thedevelopmental importanee of student autonomy and self-regul