句型轉(zhuǎn)換解題技巧

1、英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換的解題技巧一、由肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧溆煽隙ň渥優(yōu)橐话阋蓡柧涞囊?guī)則是把助動(dòng)詞置于句子的主語之前而把句子變?yōu)橐蓡栒Z序。解題時(shí)應(yīng)把 握以下幾點(diǎn)：1、句子的謂語動(dòng)詞如果是 be動(dòng)詞，則把be動(dòng)詞直接提到主語之前。(注：在肯定句和一般疑問句中主語的一、二人稱要互換。)eg. We are in Class 1, Grade 7 . t Are you in Class 1, Grade 7 ?(2) He's polite and helpful . t Is he polite and helpful ?(3) There are some birds in the big tal

2、l tree . t Are there any birds in the big tall tree ?(4) Some Americans are going to visit our school next week .t Are some Americans going to visit your school next week ?(5) A new modern bridge is being built over the Changjiang River .t Is a new modern bridge being built over the Changjiang River

3、 ?2、 句子的謂語動(dòng)詞中如果有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞直接提到主語之前。eg. (1) They can park their cars in front of the supermarket .t Can they park their cars in front of the supermarket ?(2) I'd like some more dumplings . t Would you like some more dumplings ?(3) Children must be kept away from fire .t Must children be kept awa

4、y from fire ?3、 句子的謂語動(dòng)詞如果是 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)，則把時(shí)態(tài)中的助動(dòng)詞have、has或had 提到主語之前即可。eg. (1) I have finished reading the interesting book .t Have you finished reading the interesting book ?(2) The old woman had been dead before her daughter arrived .t Had the old woman been dead before her daughter arrived ?4、句子的謂

5、語動(dòng)詞如果是行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)，在改為一般疑問句的時(shí)候,根據(jù)主語的人稱和單、復(fù)數(shù)，需要添加助動(dòng)詞do、does或did。eg.(1) We enjoy the football matches very much .t Do you enjoy the football matches very much ?(2) Her mother does some cleaning every morning . t Does her mother do some cleaning every morning(3) She went to see her doctor yesterday

6、 .t Did she go to see her doctor yesterday ?注：在添加了助動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句中，行為動(dòng)詞一律為動(dòng)詞原形。二、由肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň溆煽隙ň渥優(yōu)榉穸ň涞囊?guī)則是在句中的助動(dòng)詞之后添加否定詞not。如果句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的情況和上述1、2、3點(diǎn)相同，則直接在 be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和have、has或had之后添加否定詞 not 。除了 be動(dòng)詞的am詞形外，否定詞not可以和助動(dòng)詞縮寫為助動(dòng)詞+ n't ”而如果句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)，則要先添加助動(dòng)詞do、does或did，再在其后添加否定詞not，分別可以縮寫為 don't

7、、doesn't 和 didn't 。注：在行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的否定句中，行為動(dòng)詞也一律為動(dòng)詞原形。eg.(1) He is from England . t He isn't from England .(2) They can look for things on the Internet in Computer lessons .t They can't look for things on the Internet in Computer lessons .(3) I have seen the interesting film alread

8、y . 宀 I haven't seen the interesting film yet .(4) His brother often plays football after school . t His brother doesn't often play football after school .(5) My grandma came for dinner yesterday evening .t My grandma didn't come for dinner yesterday evening .下面幾種句型在變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)情況特殊一些，做題時(shí)須引起注意

9、：(1) 1 think +賓語從句。該句型在變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，否定詞 not應(yīng)放在主句上，即為：I don't think +賓語從句。eg. I think it will rain tomorrow .t i don't think it will rain tomorrow .(2) 祈使句祈使句的特征是沒有主語，以動(dòng)詞原形開頭。在變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，應(yīng)在動(dòng)詞原形之前添加助動(dòng)詞don't .eg. (1) Water the flowers .t Don't water the flowers .(2) Please clean the blackboard .t

10、 Please don't clean the blackboard .三、句子的單復(fù)數(shù)互換句子的單復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換的規(guī)則是：對應(yīng)句中的名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞等，能變則變，不能變的，要么保留，要么去掉。要做到熟練掌握并運(yùn)用這一規(guī)則，必須掌握名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則，代詞對應(yīng)的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則等。在解題過程中，還必須具體情況具體對待。eg. (1) The girl is from England .t The girls are from England .(2) He is a polite and helpful boy .t They are polite and he

11、lpful boys .上述例句中，戈懺的為能變的，沒劃線的為該保留的，力口號(hào)的a(an)為該去掉的。反之，在由復(fù)數(shù)變?yōu)閱螖?shù)時(shí)，則要根據(jù)句意在名詞之前補(bǔ)上一個(gè)a (an)。eg. They are English girls .t She is an English .但是對于"There be"句型，單復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)句中的a / an不能去掉，而要根據(jù)句式將其與 some或any互換。eg. (1) There is a boat on the lake .t There are some boats on the lake .(2) There isn't a tr

12、ee behind the house .t There aren't any trees behind the house .(3) Is there a pet dog in your home ?t Are there any pet dogs in your home ?(4) There aren't any pictures on the wall of our classroom .t There isn't a picture on the wall of our classroom .四、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換就是將所給的句子換個(gè)說法。這一題型包含的內(nèi)容

13、多，形式雜。有詞匯的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，句型的 同義轉(zhuǎn)換，等。掌握該題型的解題技巧，可以很好地幫助學(xué)生理解、掌握所學(xué)的詞匯和句型的含義，并在 此基礎(chǔ)上加以活用，對學(xué)生形成語言綜合運(yùn)用能力有極大的幫助。要掌握該題型的正確的解題方法，需要 在日常的英語學(xué)習(xí)中不斷練習(xí)、歸納、積累。一般說來，同義句轉(zhuǎn)換主要有以下幾種形式：1、詞匯的同義轉(zhuǎn)換詞匯的同義轉(zhuǎn)換主要有同義詞、 近義詞的轉(zhuǎn)換 仮義詞的轉(zhuǎn)換，和同一個(gè)詞在不同的句式中的不同的語序 的轉(zhuǎn)換等。eg. I spent 50 yuan on the coat . t I paid 50 yuan for the coat .(2) He likes playing

14、 football too .t He also likes playing football .(3) Millie sits behind Daniel .t Daniel sits in front of Millie .(4) They are all from America . t All of them are from America .2、句型的同義轉(zhuǎn)換常見的句型的同義轉(zhuǎn)換主要有以下幾種形式: 句和簡單句的互換，復(fù)合句和復(fù)合句的互換等。eg. (1) My favorite lesson is English . t i like English best.（同義詞的轉(zhuǎn)換）（

15、近義詞的轉(zhuǎn)換）（反義詞的轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞序的轉(zhuǎn)換）簡單句和簡單句的互換，簡單句和祈使句的互換，復(fù)合（簡單句和簡單句的互換）(2) It's lunchtime .（同上）（同上）t It's time for lunch . / It's time to have lunch .(3) Let's go boating . t Shall we go boating ? t Why not go boating ? t What about going boating（同上）(4) 1 spend about half an hour reading English

16、in the morning . t It takes me about half an hour to read English in the morning .(5) He is too young to go to school .（同上）（簡單句和復(fù)合句的互換）（簡單句和祈使句的互換）t He isn't old enough to go to school .t He is so young that he can't go to school .(6) You can't play basketball in the street .t Don't

17、play basketball in the street .（7）She didn't go to the bookshop yesterday , she went to the library instead .t She went to the library yesterday instead of the bookshop .（復(fù)合句和簡單句的互換）（8）I went to bed after my mother came back last night .t i didn't go to bed until my mother came back last nig

18、ht .（復(fù)合句和復(fù)合句的互換）五、對句中的劃線部分提問對句中的劃線部分提問是句型轉(zhuǎn)換題的重要組成部分。該題型的主旨是確定劃線部分在句子中是什么成分，用合適的疑問詞放在句首代替該部分而構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。解該題型可使用三步提問法”。具體步驟如下：1、先選擇一個(gè)合適的疑問詞。英語中主要的疑問詞有：what , who , when , whose , where , why , which , how , how old , how many ,how much , how long , how often , how soon , how far ,等。疑問詞的確定要根據(jù)句中的劃線部分作什么成分。

19、上述疑問詞的用法主要為：what :用來詢問事物、人的姓名和職業(yè)。另外，和不同的詞一起使用還可詢問具體的方面，如what time詢問時(shí)間，what color 詢問顏色等。who :用來詢問人，尤其指人與人之間的關(guān)系。whose :用來詢問歸屬，即和人之間的所有關(guān)系。when :用來詢問時(shí)間，一般指較大的時(shí)間范圍。（小范圍的時(shí)間可用what time ）where :用來詢問地點(diǎn)。which :用來詢問哪一個(gè)，主要針對名詞的定語提問。why :用來詢問原因，標(biāo)志是because .how :用來詢問方式、程度。how old :用來詢問年齡。how many :用來詢問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，其后要

20、接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。how much :用來詢問不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，其后要接不可數(shù)名詞。如單獨(dú)使用則表示詢問多少錢或?qū)κ挛锪?解或喜歡的程度。how long :用來詢問事物的長度，也可詢問時(shí)間長度。how often :用來詢問某件事或某個(gè)動(dòng)作在一定的時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)重復(fù)發(fā)生的次數(shù)，即頻度。how soon :用來詢問某件事或某個(gè)動(dòng)作從說話時(shí)候起要過多久才會(huì)發(fā)生，即詢問將來的情況，一般與將來 時(shí)態(tài)連用。how far :用來詢問空間距離。2、把原句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洹?、把確定的疑問詞放在句首，其后跟上一般疑問句的語序，把劃線部分省略即可。注：如果句中的劃線部分是主語或主語的定語，則可用疑問詞直接替換而不用一般疑問句的語序。舉例說明：1、Her mother often gives her nice presents .思考：本句中的劃線部分Her mother在句中作主語，因而在確定了疑問詞who之后，不用將原句改為一般疑問句，直接替換即可。改寫后的句子為：Who often gives her nice presents ?2、The boy on the yellow bike is Lucy's brother .思考：本句中的劃線部分 on the yellow bike在句中作主語The