(完整版)人教版七年級下英語(unit4)知識點總結全

1、初一英語個性化輔導Review of Unit4【主要語法】一、知識點1、定義：祈使句是用來表示請求、命令、叮囑、邀請、勸告或祝愿等的句子。2、祈使句的結構：通常省略主語you,以動詞原形開頭，末尾可用句號或感 嘆號。2、特點：祈使句沒有疑問句的形式，一般只有肯定和否定兩種形式。Go and wash your hands.表命令）Be quite, please. （Please be quiet.（表請求）Be kind to your sister.（表勸告）Watch your steps.（表警告）No parking.（表禁止）二、重點：祈使句的不同形式（1）V型：即以實義動詞開頭

2、的祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結構為：動詞原形（v） +賓語（+其他）Eg:把門關上。 the door.起立！ up!（2） B型：即以系動詞be開頭的祈使句，這種祈使句的常用結構：be+形容詞/名詞Eg:做個好學生。 a good student.安靜！!（3） L型：即let型（Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他）Eg:讓我來讀吧 read it.咱們去爬山吧 go to the mountains.（4） D型：即祈使句的否定形式（一般在動詞上否定，也可以用否定副詞（never）來表示）A.Don't be +其他成分（形容詞、名詞或介詞短語）Eg:別生氣！angry.不要遲到。late

3、.注意：在這種句型中，be不能省略否定副詞not不可置于be之后B. Don t +動詞原形+其他Eg: 別在教室里吃東西。in the classroom.別像那樣和父母親講話your parents like that!C. Let 引起的祈使句有兩種否定形式a. Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其他Let her not do that.Lets not think about it. It s only a waste of time.b. Don' t+ let+賓語+動詞原形+其他Dont let Jim do that.Dont let us go, please.三、難

4、點:1、 特殊形式的祈使句(1)在公共場合的提示語中，否定祈使句常用“ No +名詞/ V-ing形式”結構，表示“禁止做某事 ”。Eg: 不許停車！No parking!禁止游泳！!不許交談！!(2) . 在表達請求或勸告時，有時為了表示委婉的語氣，可以在句首或句末please,但是如果please加在句末，應用逗號將其與前面的部分隔開。Eg: 請進 Please . = , please.請坐 Please . = , please.(3) . 在意思比較明顯的情況下，可以把謂語動詞省略。This way, please.(4) . 有時為了加強語氣，可以在動詞前使用do.Do be ca

5、reful! 一定要小心！(5) .有時為了強調對方，也可加上主語 you,人名或everybody, anybody等 不定代詞。You sweep the floor and I clean the window.Stand up, everybody.(6) .有時為了明確向誰提出請求或發(fā)出命令，可加稱呼語，但稱呼語要與句子用逗號隔開。Put the shirt on the bed, Jim.2、 祈使句的回答祈使句的動作通常是表示將來發(fā)生的動作，所以回答祈使句時，一般用will或wont 。在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時，要注意兩點：1）形式一致（即Yes與will保持一致；No與wo

6、n'保持一致）2）意思相反（即Yes是 不”的意思；No是 是"的意思）。在回答時，要注意分析上下文語境中所提供的條件。例如：- Don t go out, please. It s raining heavily outside.請不要出去。外面雨下得很大。Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.不行，我得去機場接我弟弟。三、 考點：祈使句用于兩個重要句型中（ 1）“祈使句 +and+ 表結果的陳述句”用來敘述肯定的條件。Eg: Hurry up and you ll catch the train.Stu

7、dy hard and you can make progress everyday.（ 2）“祈使句 +or（else）+ 表結果的陳述句”用來敘述否定的條件， or（else） 表示 “否則；要不然 ”。Eg: Hurry up， or you ll miss the train考題精選1. Please , they re having a meeting.A. not be so noisy B. be quite C. mustn t talk D. no speaking2. to meet me at the station. I ll be waiting there.A. N

8、ot to forget B. Not forget C. Forget not D. Don t forget3. - Don' t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow .A. don t B. won t C. can t D. haven t4. If you are tired, a rest.A. have B. having C. to haveD. had5. me go. It is very important for me.A. Do let B. Let do C. Doing let D. To do let

9、6. He is not honest. believe him.A. NotB. Don t C. To notD. Not to7. up early tomorrow, or you can t catch the train.A. Getting B. Get C. To getD. Got8. in the street. It s dangerous.A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don t play D. Don t to play9. Please me some money, will you?A. lendB. lending C. borro

10、wD. borrowing10. The film is about to begin. Please seated.A. beB. areC. isD. being11. down the radio. The baby s asleep in the next room.A. Turning B. To turn C. TurnedD. Turn12. Lucy, the door or someone will come in.A. close B. closes C. not closeD. is closing13. and play football in the street a

11、fter lunch.s goA. Let s not to gBo . Let s not goC. Let s don t go D. Not let14. A sign with the words “ ” is often found in a bus.A. Not parking B. Not smoking C. No parking D. No smoking 15. Chinese in you English class.A. Not speak B. Don t speak C. Speak not D. Don t speaking16. . the boxes. You

12、 may use them later.A. KeepB. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept17. The TV is too loud. PleaseA. turn it downB. to turn it downC. turn down itD. to turn down it18.1. cross the road until the traffic lights turns green.A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't18.2. Do you know the girl under the tree?A

13、. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood20. Kate, your homework here tomorrow.A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing 二 . 用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. It s an important meeting. (not, be )late.2. (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and (be) polite.4. (

14、 not, talk) and (read) aloud.5. (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow,Larry.6. (look) out! A car is coming.7. (give) us ten years and just see what ourcountry willbe like.8. (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you (catch) a cold.10. Let s (not, say) anything about it.三、句型轉換11. Will you

15、please read it again more slowly? (改為祈使句) again more slowly, please.12. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. (改為同義句) me, or I ll go.13. Let's watch the sports games. (改為反意疑問句)Let's watch the sports games, ?14. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless.(改為祈使旬)careless, pl

16、ease.15. Please sit next to Nancy. (改為否定句)next to Nancy.16. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. (改為反意疑問句) Don't forget to turn off the lights, ?17. If you move, you'll die. (改為同義句), or you'll die.18. Come to my house tomorrow. (改為反意疑問句)Come to my house tomorrow, ?19. 這是一個壞了的

17、被子。(翻譯句子)This is a .20. 讓我們去幫幫那個哭泣的女孩吧。(翻譯句子)Let s go and help the, please.【重點詞組及短語 】school rules學校規(guī)章制度break (fallow/keep) the rules違反(遵守)規(guī)章制度arrive late for class = be late for class 上課遲到 dining hall 飯廳，餐廳 in class 在課堂上on time 準時(in time 及時)eat in the classroom 在教室里吃東西 listen to 聽wear uniforms 穿制&#

18、174;have to do不得不做according to根據(jù)，依據(jù)wear a hat (hats)戴帽子school uniforms 校®I see我明白了be (keep) quiet保持安靜make (up) ruler 制訂規(guī)貝Success belongs to the persevering- 16 -Actions speak louder than words.()on school daysft上學期間practice (playing) the piano 練習彈鋼琴see friends看望朋友do the dishes 洗餐具make (one； s)

19、bed 鋪床be strict (with sb)對某人)要求嚴格share （sth ） with sb 和某人分享 on school nights在校期間 的晚上 go out外出clean （ones） room 打掃房間Don't talk. = No talking.不要說話。too many/much太多的（可數(shù)/不可數(shù)） go to bed去睡覺（be in bed在床上） think about （sb/sth/doing sth片慮（某人 /某物 /做某事） learn to do sth 學（做某事）【知識點解析】Don't fight.不要打架。figh

20、t作動詞，意為“打架、打仗”。其過去式為fought.fight for ”為而斗爭”，后面常接抽象名詞，表示為事業(yè)、自由等而斗爭。Eg:They are fighting for freedom.他們正為自 由而戰(zhàn)。（2）fight against "為反對而戰(zhàn)斗”，后接事物名詞、人和國家名詞。Eg: They fought against the enemyfifc們和敵人作戰(zhàn)。（3）fight with ”和打架”，“同（并肩）戰(zhàn)斗”，后只接表示人或國家的名詞Eg:Don't fight with him.不要和他打架?！镜湫屠}】They fought the Ita

21、lians in the last war,butthem in this war.A. with; withB. with;for C. against ; against D.with; against2.Ms./Mrs./Miss.(1)Ms.: “女士”，用于蠟姻狀況不明或不想?yún)^(qū)分焙否的女子的姓前。(2)Mrs.: “夫人”，用于已焙女子姓前。Madam:也用于已焙女子，意為“夫人、女士”，一般單獨使用，不與姓連用Miss.: “小姐”用于未焙女子姓前，還常用于年輕的女教師的姓前，可譯為“老師”。3.辨析： get to/reach/arrive相同點：都是到達的意思不同點：get t

22、o+地點；reach+地點arrive at+小地點(車站等)；arrive in+大地點(國家等)注意：(1) .get to與地點副詞(here/there/home)不用介詞toEg:I want to go to Beijing.I got home at 15:00我下午三點到的家。(2) .arrive是不及物動詞，后面若接地點名詞則要和in/at連用，接地點副詞時則不用介詞Eg: I arrived home at 15:00. =I got home at 15:00.He arrived in Shanghai yesterday 昨天至 U 的上海。He arrived y

23、esterday他昨天至 U 的。(3) .reach是及物動詞，后面直接接地點名詞或副詞。Eg:When will they reach here?【典型例題】-What time did the team the top of the mountain?-At about 4:30 p.m.A.comeB.goC.arriveD.arrive at4 . On time 和 in time(1)on time "準時，按時”，指按規(guī)定的時刻不早不晚。Eg:He always go to school on time 他總是按時上學。in time ”及時”，指沒有遲到，時間還充裕

24、。Eg:Fireman reached the house on fire in tim肖防員及時趕至U那幢失火的房子。5 .hear、listen 和 sound都有"聽”的意思，但三者是有區(qū)別的：(1)hear"聽說" 側重于"聽"的內容。Eg:I'm sorry to hear that you are川.聽說你生病了我很難過。I never heard such an interesting story.我從來沒聽過這么有趣的一個故事。(2)listen"聽"側重于"聽"這一動作。Eg:L

25、isten to me carefully. 認真聽我說。The children like to listen to music.孩子們喜歡聽音樂。sound"聽起來”它是系動詞后面接形容詞等。Eg:That sounds great.那聽起來真不錯。It sounds like fun.聽起來挺有趣?！镜湫屠}】carefully,or you are not able to anything. (be able to do sth夠做 )A.Hear;listen B.Listen;hear C.Hear;listen D.Listen;listen6 .辨析 take,bri

26、ng(1)take ”帶走，拿走”指把東西從說話地帶到別的地方。Eg:Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?能幫我把這些書帶到教室里去嗎?(2)bring “帶來”指把東西從別處帶到說話地。Eg:Bring your homework here tomorrow,please請你明天把作業(yè)帶至 U 這兒來。【典型例題】away this dirty shirt and me a clean one.A.Take;bring B.Take;take C.Bring;take D.Bring;bring7 . strict是形容詞，意

27、為 “嚴格的”； “嚴厲的”，通常與be動詞連用。(1)be strict with sb"對某人嚴厲”Eg:Mr. White is very strict with us.懷特先生對我們要求很嚴格。We should be strict with ourselves.我們應該對自己要求嚴格。(2)be strict in (doing) sth“對某事要求嚴格”Eg:Our boss is strict in our work.我們的老板對我們的工作要求嚴格。8 .remember “記得，記住”，是及物動詞，可以直接加名詞。(1)remember doing sth記得已做某事

28、(已做)Eg:I remember seeing him onceK 記得見過他一次。remember to do sth 記得要做某事(還沒做) Eg:Remember to post the letter for meE 得給我寄這封信。 forget “忘記，忘了"，作 remember反義詞時，用法和 remember相同。 9.help作動詞意為“幫助”，常用的結構有： (1)help sb (to) do sth幫助某人做某事 (2)help sb with sth(n.)幫助某人做某事 Eg:I often help him with his lessons 我常幫他學

29、功課。(3)help oneself(myself/yourself/herself )to+n.請隨便用 Eg:Please help yourselves to some frui請隨便吃些水果。help還可作名詞，表示“幫助”，是不可數(shù)。10.too many,too much 與 much too易混詞組意義及用法例句too many形容詞，“太，太多”，接可數(shù) 名詞There are too many people in the park.too much形容詞，“太多”，接不可數(shù)名 詞I have too much homework today.much too副詞，“太，非?！?，

30、接形容詞 或副詞My mother is much too busy.【典型例題】I have skirts and this one is large for me,so you can take it if you like.A. too many; too much B. too much; much too C. too many; much too11.either,too 與 also易混詞意義及用法例句either也”，用于否定句中，置于旬末時用I won't go there,either.too也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔開I like dancing,too.a

31、lso也”，用于肯定句句中I also like English.【典型例題】I don't like her,.A.alsoB.tooC.eitherD.to10 .have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心，過得愉快12 .be in bed "在床上、臥床"，in和bed之間不能用冠詞，bed也不用復數(shù)。Eg:He is in bed for 10 years.他臥床 10 年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.：衛(wèi)每晚必須彳艮早睡覺。.13 .No talking

32、!"禁止交談。"no后面加上名詞或動名詞doing也表示不要做某事。與don't +do的用法相似。Eg:No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here!禁止放濕雨傘No food! Don't eat food here!禁止吃食物No smoking! Don't smoke here!禁止吸煙14 .wear, put on , be in, dress1) wear是動詞，它的意思是“穿”，它表示狀態(tài)。eg: My father wears a T-shirt today.我爸爸今天穿

33、著 T 恤衫。2) put on的意思是“穿上、戴上”，它表示動作。eg It ' s cold outside, put on your coat please.非常冷， 請穿上你的大衣。3) dress作動詞時，表示“為穿衣”后接反身代詞或人，也可以不接賓語eg： Can you dress the baby for me?你能幫我給孩子穿衣服嗎？4) be in表示穿著的狀態(tài)，后接顏色或服裝。例如：The girl in red is my sister.穿紅衣服的女孩是我姐姐。The girl in hat is very beautiful.戴帽子的女孩兒很漂亮。15.1 m

34、portant adj. 重要的It's important to do sth. 做很重要16.Outside1) outside副詞，意為“在外面”，反義詞是inside。Eg: Don' t go outside. It ' s toofCold卜面去，天氣太冷了。2) outside還可以做介詞，意為“在外面”。Eg: There is a new car outside the house 房子外邊有輛新車。3)outside作名詞，意為“外部，外表”。The outside of the house is red.這個房子的外部是紅色的。辨析：作副詞時out

35、與outside的區(qū)別out副詞意為“外出，出來”，其反義詞為in。outside副詞作副詞時，意為“在外面，在戶外” 等，其反義詞為inside。拓展：go out的用法1) 外出，或者指“參加社交活動，外出交際或娛樂”。例如：Mary goes out a lot on Sundays.每逢周日，瑪麗的應酬非常多。2) 出去。例如：Let' go out for a walk.讓我們出去散步吧。3) 出國，移居國外。例如：He went out to Canada two years ago他兩年前移居加拿大了。4) 過時，不流行。例如：This kind of shoes wen

36、t out last year.這款鞋去年就過時了。17.before, ago二者意思相似，但用法很不一樣。ago通常和一般過去時態(tài)的動詞連用，前面是一個表示時間段的詞或短語。eg： We started our class about ten minutes ago.我們大約十分鐘前開始上課的。（不能說before）before通常用來表示在某個時間點之前。eg： We started our class before eight o'clock.我們八點前開始上課的。（不能說 eight o' clock ago） They came here before this w

37、ee他們是這個星期前至U這兒的。 （不能說this week ago） 另外，before可以單獨用作狀語，而ago則不能這樣用。Eg:I read about it in a newspaper befor豉以前在一張報紙上看到過這件事。（不能用ago）18.Learn, study（1）learn 雖然可指學習的過程，但更側重指學到的成果，因此常譯為“學到”、“學會”；而 study 則側重指學習過程。Eg: He studied hard and learned English very well.他努力學習,把英語學得很好。（2） learn 多用于學習的初級階段或帶有模仿性的操作技藝

38、等；而study 則常用于較高深或周密的研究。Eg: I had to learn a trade at the age of seve成在7歲時就不得不去學做生意。This question should be carefully studied. 這個問題必須認真研究。19.Keep“keep +sb./sth.+形容詞”表示“使某人或者某物保持某種狀態(tài)”。此句式中的 keep是 動詞，意為“保留，保存，保持”。Eg: Too much work keeps me busy and tired.太多的工作讓我忙碌而且疲憊。We must keep the class clean我們必須保持

39、教室干凈。拓展： keep 常見的其他用法1）“keep + 形容詞”，意為“保持某種狀態(tài)”。例如： Keep quiet, please! 請保持安靜!2） “keep sb. doing sth:表示“讓某人繼續(xù)/不斷地做某事”。例如： He kept me waiting for an hour. 他讓我等了一個小時。20.“必須”考查 must 與 have to在英語中，must與have to都可以表示 必須”，但其用法有所不同。（1） must 表示說話人的主觀看法，認為有義務有必要。如：我們必須努力工作。（是我們要這樣做的）We .(2) have to表示客觀需要，即周圍的環(huán)

40、境、習慣、協(xié)約等要求某人不得不作某事Eg：我們不得不努力工作。.(環(huán)境使我們不得不這樣做)We(3) must的否定形式為 , have to的否定形式為 ,兩者意義也不 同。前者表示 不應該“、不許可"、禁止”等，后者表示 不必要”。Eg：你們不能在馬路上踢足球。You play football on the road.你今天不必練車風琴了。 You practice the piano today.(4)要表示過去獲獎來 必須”，則必須用have to的相應形式。如：昨天我們不得不去購物。We go shopping yesterday.I1 .The children pla

41、y football on the road.A.can B.mustC.mustn'tD.may2 .-Must I clean the blackboard?-No,you .A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.may not3 .Your mother there,she has gone to America.A.must be B.could be C.may beD.can't be【考題精選】I .用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。1. We have to(wear) uniforms to school every da

42、y.2. Jim(have) to brush his teeth before going to bed.3. My mother often asks me to practice(play) the violin.4. Don ' t(bring) music players to school.5. Don ' t be( noise) in the library.6. Everyone feels(relax) when they listen to light music.7. The weather is(terrible) hot.8. Does Jack(d

43、o) his homework on time?9. She(not like) playing basketball.10. I have to(get up) at six o' clock.H .選詞填空。1. (Don ' t, Can ' t ) cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2. It ' s cold outside. I(must, have to) put on my coat.3. This is(quiet, quite) an interesting book.4. (Tak

44、e, Bring) your sister here with you.5. Our teacher is very(strict with, strict in) us.6. Don ' t make so much(noise, noisy). Dad is sleeping in the next room.7. After dinner I can ' t(relax, relaxing, relaxed) either.8. She likes( dressing, wearing, putting on) sunglasses.9. There is a new c

45、ar(out, outside) the house.10. Speak loudly, please! I can ' t(hear, listen to) you clearly.【課后強化練習】I .仔細閱讀對話，選擇方框內的句子填空格，使對話意思連貫正確。A: there are many rules in our school.B: You are welcome.C: Excuse me. Where are you from?D: Yes, you are right.E : Can we listen to music in the classroom?F: No, thank you.G: Sorry, we can ' t.A: 1 ?B: I am from Canada. And my name is Alice.A: Welc