金融相關(guān)英文詞匯

1、文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.金融相關(guān)詞匯的英語翻譯安全網(wǎng)safety net按可比口徑on comparable basis按輕重緩急to prioritize暗補(bǔ)implicit subsidy暗虧hidden loss頒發(fā)營業(yè)執(zhí)照to license; to grant a licence to辦理存款業(yè)務(wù)to take deposits保護(hù)農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性to protect farmersincentive to produce備付金（超額預(yù)備金）excess reserves本外幣并賬 consolidation of domestic and

2、 foreign currency accounts 本外幣對沖操作 sterilization operation本位利益localized interest; departmentalism奔小康to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do避稅（請見 " 逃稅 " ） tax avoidance幣種搭配不當(dāng)currency mismatch幣種構(gòu)成currency composition變相社會(huì)集資disguised irregular (or illegal) fund raising表外科目（業(yè)務(wù)）off-b

3、alance-sheet items (operation)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)weaknesses; loopholes不變成本fixed cost不變價(jià)at constant price; in real terms不動(dòng)產(chǎn)real estate不良貸款（資產(chǎn)）problem loans; non-performing loans (assets)財(cái)務(wù)公司finance companies財(cái)政赤字fiscal deficit財(cái)政擠銀行fiscal pressure on the central bank (over monetary policy)財(cái)政政策與貨幣政策的配合 coordination of

4、 fiscal and monetary policies 采取循序漸進(jìn)的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner 操作彈性 operational flexibility操縱匯率to manipulate exchange rate產(chǎn)品構(gòu)成product composition; product mix產(chǎn)品積壓stock pile; excessive inventory產(chǎn)銷率current period inventory; ( 即期庫存，不含前期庫存) sales/outputratio產(chǎn)銷銜接marketability產(chǎn)業(yè)政策industrial poli

5、cy長期國債treasury bonds敞口頭寸open position1文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.炒股to speculate in the stock market承購包銷underwrite (securities)成套機(jī)電產(chǎn)品complete sets of equipment; complete plant (s)城市信用社urban credit cooperatives (UCCs)城市合作銀行 urban cooperative banks; municipal united banks 城市商業(yè)銀行 municipal commer

6、cial banks城鄉(xiāng)居民收入增長超過物價(jià)漲幅real growth in household income持續(xù)升溫persistent overheating重復(fù)布點(diǎn)duplicate projects重置成本replacement cost重組計(jì)劃restructuring plan籌資渠道funding sources; financing channels初見成效initial success出口統(tǒng)一治理、歸口經(jīng)營canalization of exports出口退稅export tax rebate儲(chǔ)蓄存款household deposits (不完全等同于西方的savings d

7、eposits, 前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。 )儲(chǔ)蓄分流diversion of household deposits儲(chǔ)源萎縮decline in the availability of household savings傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制transmission mechanism從價(jià)稅ad valorem tax從緊控制tight control存貸款比例loan/deposit ratio存款保險(xiǎn)體系deposit insurance system存款貨幣銀行deposit money banks存款預(yù)備金required reserves打白條issue IOU大額存單certificate

8、 of deposit (CD)大額提現(xiàn)withdraw deposits in large amounts大面積滑坡wide-spread decline大一統(tǒng)的銀行體制(all-in-one) mono-bank system呆賬（請見 " 壞賬 " ） bad loans呆賬預(yù)備金loan loss reserves (provisions)呆滯貸款idle loans貸款沉淀non-performing loans貸款分類loan classification貸款限額治理credit control; to impose credit ceiling貸款約束機(jī)制cr

9、edit disciplinary (constraint) mechanism代理國庫to act as fiscal agent代理金融機(jī)構(gòu)貸款 make loans on behalf of other institutions 戴帽貸款 ear-marked loans倒逼機(jī)制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition 道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn) moral hazard2文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.地區(qū)差別regional disparity第一產(chǎn)業(yè)the primar

10、y industry第二產(chǎn)業(yè)the secondary industry第三產(chǎn)業(yè)the service industry; the tertiary industry遞延資產(chǎn)deferrable assets訂貨不足insufficient orders定期存款time deposits定向募集raising funds from targeted sources東道國（請見 " 母國 "） host country獨(dú)立核算independent accounting短期國債treasury bills對沖操作sterilization operation; hedging

11、對非金融部門債權(quán)claims on non-financial sector多種所有制形式diversified ownership惡性通貨膨脹hyperinflation二級(jí)市場secondary market發(fā)行貨幣to issue currency發(fā)行總股本total stock issue法定預(yù)備金required reserves; reserve requirement法人股institutional shares法人股東institutional shareholders法治rule of law房地產(chǎn)投資real estate investment放松銀根to ease mon

12、etary policy非現(xiàn)場稽核off-site surveillance (or monitoring)非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)non-bank financial institutions非贏利性機(jī)構(gòu)non-profit organizations分稅制assignment of central and local taxes; tax assignment system分業(yè)經(jīng)營 segregation of financial business (services); division of business scope based on the type of financial instit

13、utions風(fēng)險(xiǎn)暴露（風(fēng)險(xiǎn)敞口）risk exposure風(fēng)險(xiǎn)治理risk management風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí)risk awarenes風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本比例risk-weighted capital ratios風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)risk-based capital standard服務(wù)事業(yè)收入public service charges; user s charges扶貧poverty alleviation負(fù)增長negative growth復(fù)式預(yù)算制double-entry budgeting; capital and current budgetary account改革試點(diǎn)reform experime

14、ntation杠桿率leverage ratio3文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.杠桿收購leveraged buyout高息集資to raise funds by offering high interest個(gè)人股non-institutional shares根本扭轉(zhuǎn)fundamental turnaround (or reversal)公開市場操作open market operations公款私存deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事業(yè)public utilities公有經(jīng)濟(jì)the state-own

15、ed sector; the public sector公有制public ownership工業(yè)成本利潤率profit-to-cost ratio工業(yè)增加值industrial value added供大于求supply exceeding demand; excessive supply鼓勵(lì)措施incentives股份合作企業(yè)joint-equity cooperative enterprises股份制企業(yè)joint-equity enterprises股份制銀行joint-equity banks固定資產(chǎn)貸款fixed asset loans關(guān)稅減免tariff reduction an

16、d exemption關(guān)稅減讓tariff concessions關(guān)稅優(yōu)惠tariff incentives; preferential tariff treatment規(guī)范行為to regularize (or standardize).behavior規(guī)模效益economies of scale國計(jì)民生national interest and people s livelihood國家對個(gè)人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals 國家風(fēng)險(xiǎn) country risk國際分工international division of labor國際收

17、支balance of payments國有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行wholly state-owned commercial banks國有經(jīng)濟(jì)（部門）the state-owned (or public) sector國有企業(yè)state-owned enterprises (SOEs)國有制state-ownership國有資產(chǎn)流失erosion of state assets國債回購government securities repurchase國債一級(jí)自營商 primary underwriters of government securities 過度競爭 excessive competiti

18、on 過度膨脹 excessive expansion過熱跡象signs of overheating合理預(yù)期rational expectation核心資本core capital合資企業(yè)joint-venture enterprises紅利dividend宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)營良好sound macroeconomic performance宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)基本狀況macroeconomic fundamentals4文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.宏觀調(diào)控macroeconomic management (or adjustment)宏觀調(diào)控目標(biāo)macroeconomi

19、c objectives (or targets)壞賬bad debt還本付息debt service換匯成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings 匯兌在途 funds in float匯兌支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary s bank 匯率并軌 unification of exchange rates 活期存款 demand deposits匯率失調(diào)exchange rate misalignment混合所有制diversified (mixed

20、) ownership貨幣政策態(tài)勢monetary policy stance貨款拖欠overdue obligations to suppliers基本建設(shè)投資investment in infrastructure基本經(jīng)濟(jì)要素economic fundamentals基本適度broadly appropriate基準(zhǔn)利率benchmark interest rate機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體存款deposits of non-profit institutions機(jī)會(huì)成本opportunity cost激勵(lì)機(jī)制incentive mechanism積壓嚴(yán)重heavy stockpile; excessive

21、 inventory擠提存款run on banks擠占挪用unwarranted diversion of (financial) resources(from designated uses)技改投資investment in technological upgrading技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)品technology-intensive product計(jì)劃單列市municipalities with independent planning status計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)planned economy集體經(jīng)濟(jì)the collective sector加大結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整力度to intensify structura

22、l adjustment加工貿(mào)易processing trade加快態(tài)勢accelerating trend加強(qiáng)稅收征管稽查to enhance tax administration加權(quán)價(jià)weighted average price價(jià)格放開price liberalization價(jià)格形成機(jī)制pricing mechanism減虧to reduce losses簡化手續(xù) to cut red tape; to simplify (streamline) procedures 交投活躍 brisk trading繳存預(yù)備金to deposit required reserves結(jié)構(gòu)扭曲struct

23、ural distortion結(jié)構(gòu)失調(diào)structural imbalance結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾突出acute structural imbalance結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化structural improvement (optimization)56profit-driveninterest collection ratio inter-bank settlementfranchise (businesses); chain businesses virtuous cycle文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.結(jié)匯、售匯sale and purchase of foreign ex

24、change金融脆弱financial fragility金融動(dòng)蕩financial turbulence金融風(fēng)波financial disturbance金融恐慌financial panic金融危機(jī)financial crisis金融壓抑financial repression金融衍生物financial derivatives金融詐騙financial fraud緊縮銀根to tighten monetary policy緊縮政策austerity policies; tight financial policies經(jīng)常賬戶可兌換current account convertibilit

25、y經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)special economic zones (SEZs)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革economic reform經(jīng)濟(jì)增長方式的轉(zhuǎn)變 change in the main source of economic growth (from investment expansion to efficiency gains)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長減速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth 經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁 economic sanction經(jīng)營自主權(quán)autonomy in management景氣回升recovery in business activity境外投資ov

26、erseas investment競爭加劇intensifying competition局部性金融風(fēng)波localized (isolated) financial disturbance開辦人民幣業(yè)務(wù)to engage in RMB business可維持（可持續(xù)）經(jīng)濟(jì)增長sustainable economic growth可變成本variable cost可自由兌換貨幣freely convertible currency控制現(xiàn)金投放control currency issuance扣除物價(jià)因素in real terms; on inflation-adjusted basis庫存產(chǎn)品i

27、nventory跨國銀行業(yè)務(wù)cross-border banking跨年度采購cross-year procurement會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則accounting standard來料加工processing of imported materials for export離岸銀行業(yè)務(wù)off-shore banking (business)理順外貿(mào)體制to rationalize foreign trade regime利率杠桿的調(diào)節(jié)作用the role of interest rates in resource allocation利潤驅(qū)動(dòng)利息回收率聯(lián)行清算連鎖企業(yè)良性循環(huán)文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.

28、word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.兩極分化 growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution 零售物價(jià)指數(shù) retail price index (RPI) 流動(dòng)性比例 liquidity ratio流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率流通速度velocity of liquid assets流動(dòng)資金貸款working capital loans流通體制distribution system流通網(wǎng)絡(luò)distribution network留購（租賃期滿時(shí)承租人可購買租賃物）hire purchase壟斷行業(yè)monopolized indus

29、try (sector)亂集資irregular (illegal) fund raising亂收費(fèi)irregular (illegal) charges亂攤派unjustified (arbitrary) levies買方市場buyer smarket賣方市場seller smarket賣出回購證券matched sale of repo貿(mào)易差額trade balance民間信用non-institutionalized credit免二減三 exemption of income tax for the first two years of making profit and 50% ta

30、x reduction for the following three years明補(bǔ)explicit subsidy明虧explicit loss名牌產(chǎn)品brand products母國（請見 " 東道國 "） home country內(nèi)部控制internal control內(nèi)部審計(jì)internal audit內(nèi)地與香港the mainland and Hong Kong內(nèi)債domestic debt扭虧為盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one 扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation

31、 of financial resources 農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品采購支出 outlays for agricultural procurement農(nóng)村信用社rural credit cooperatives (RCCs)泡沫效應(yīng)bubble effect泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)bubble economy培育新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長點(diǎn) to tap new sources of economic growth 片面追求發(fā)展速度 excessive pursuit of growth 平衡發(fā)展 balanced development瓶頸制約bottleneck (constraints)平穩(wěn)回升steady recovery鋪底

32、流動(dòng)資金initial (start-up) working capital普遍回升broad-based recovery7文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.配套改革concomitant (supporting) reforms配套人民幣資金local currency funding of.企業(yè)辦社會(huì) enterprises burdened with social responsibilities 企業(yè)集團(tuán)戰(zhàn)略 corporate group strategy企業(yè)兼并重組company merger and restructuring企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子ent

33、erprise management企業(yè)所得稅enterprise (corporate) income tax企業(yè)效益corporate profitability企業(yè)資金違規(guī)流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market 欠稅 tax arrears欠息overdue interest強(qiáng)化稅收征管to strengthen tax administration強(qiáng)制措施enforcement action翹尾因素carryover effect切一刀partial application清理收回貸款clean up

34、and recover loans（破產(chǎn)）清算liquidation傾斜政策preferential policy區(qū)別對待differential treatment趨勢加強(qiáng)intensifying trend全球化globalization權(quán)益回報(bào)率returns on equity (ROE)缺乏后勁unsustainable momentum繞規(guī)模貸款to circumvent credit ceiling人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值per capita GDP人均收入per capita income人民幣升值壓力upward pressure on the Renminbi (exchange

35、rate)認(rèn)繳資本subscribed capital軟貸款soft loans軟預(yù)算約束soft budget constraint軟著陸soft landing三角債chain debts; inter-enterprise arrears善政廉政good governance商業(yè)貸款commercial loans上市公司(publicly) listed corporations設(shè)備利用capacity utilization社會(huì)保障social safety net; social security (insurance)深層次矛盾deep-rooted structural imb

36、alance審批金融機(jī)構(gòu)to license financial institutions審慎監(jiān)管prudential supervision8文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.生產(chǎn)能力閑置unutilized capacity生息資產(chǎn)interest-bearing assets實(shí)際利用外資 disbursement of foreign capital;actual inflow of foreign investment 實(shí)際有效匯率 real effective exchange rate實(shí)時(shí)real time實(shí)收資本paid-in capital實(shí)現(xiàn)

37、利潤realized profit市場分割market segmentation市場經(jīng)濟(jì)market economy市場占有率（市場份額）market share市場準(zhǔn)入market access (指商品和勞務(wù)的進(jìn)入);market entry ( 指機(jī)構(gòu)的審批)市價(jià)總值market capitalization適度從緊appropriately tight適時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)timely adjustment收回對金融機(jī)構(gòu)貸款to recall central bank loans (to financial institutions)稅后還貸amortization (repayment of lo

38、ans) after tax稅收流失tax erosion稅源不足weak tax base私營經(jīng)濟(jì)（私人經(jīng)濟(jì)）the private sector私有制private ownership所有者權(quán)益owners equity逃稅（請見 " 避稅 " ） tax evasion套匯（）指合法：currency swap; arbitrage（）指非法：illegal purchase of foreign exchange剔除季節(jié)性因素seasonally adjusted調(diào)節(jié)流動(dòng)性to influence liquidity level貼現(xiàn)窗口discount window

39、同比 on year-on-year basis;over the same period of the previous year 同業(yè)拆借（放） inter-bank borrowing (lending)同業(yè)拆借市場利率（中國）CHIBOR (China inter-bank offered rate)同業(yè)融通票據(jù)inter-bank financing bills同業(yè)往來inter-bank transactions透支overdraft退稅tax refund (rebate)頭寸position吞吐基礎(chǔ)貨幣adjustment of monetary base脫媒現(xiàn)象disinte

40、rmediation外部審計(jì)external audit外國直接投資foreign direct investment (FDI)外匯儲(chǔ)備foreign exchange reserves外匯調(diào)劑foreign exchange swap外匯占款the RMBcounterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMBequivalent of offcial9文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.foreign exchange holdings外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)export-oriented economy外債external de

41、bt外資企業(yè)foreign-funded enterprises完善現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度 to improve the modern enterprise system 完稅憑證 tax payment documentation違法經(jīng)營illegal business委托存款entrusted deposits穩(wěn)步增長steady growth穩(wěn)健的銀行系統(tǒng)a sound banking system穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)to make progress while ensuring stability無紙交易book-entry (or paperless/scriptless) transaction物價(jià)監(jiān)測

42、price monitoring吸納流動(dòng)性to absorb liquidity稀缺經(jīng)濟(jì)scarcity economy洗錢money laundering系統(tǒng)內(nèi)調(diào)度fund allocation within a bank系統(tǒng)性金融危機(jī)systemic financial crisis下崗工人laid-off employees下游企業(yè)down-stream enterprises現(xiàn)場稽核on-site examination現(xiàn)金滯留（居民手中） cash held outside the banking system 鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè) township and village enterprise

43、s (TVEs)消費(fèi)物價(jià)指數(shù)consumer price index (CPI)消費(fèi)稅excise (consumption) tax消滅財(cái)政赤字to balance the budget; to eliminate fiscal deficit銷貨款回籠 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system 銷售平淡 lackluster sales協(xié)議外資金額committed amount of foreign investment新經(jīng)濟(jì)增長點(diǎn)new sources of economic growth新開工項(xiàng)目new projec

44、ts; newly started projects新增貸款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth;credit expansion 新增就業(yè)位置 new jobs; new job opportunities信貸規(guī)模考核review the compliance with credit ceilings信號(hào)失真distorted signals信托投資公司trust and investment companies信息不對稱information asymmetry信息反饋feedback (information)信息共享系統(tǒng)i

45、nformation sharing system信息披露information disclosure信用擴(kuò)張credir expansion信用評(píng)級(jí)credit rating姓" 資 " 還是姓 " 社 " pertaining to socialism or capitalism; socialist or captialist10文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.行政措施administrative measures需求膨脹demand expansion; excessive demand虛偽存款window-d

46、ressing deposits削減冗員to shed excess labor force尋租rent seeking迅速反彈quick rebound養(yǎng)老基金pension fund一刀切 universal application; non-discretionary implementation 一級(jí)市場 primary market應(yīng)收未收利息overdue interest銀行網(wǎng)點(diǎn)banking outlets贏利能力profitability營業(yè)稅business tax硬貸款（商業(yè)貸款）commercial loans用地審批to grant land use right有治理

47、的浮動(dòng)匯率managed floating exchange rate證券投資portfolio investment游資（熱錢）hot money有市場的產(chǎn)品marketable products有效供給effective supply誘發(fā)新一輪經(jīng)濟(jì)擴(kuò)張 trigger a new round of economic expansion 逾期貸款 overdue loans; past-due loans與國際慣例接軌 to become compatible with internationally accepted practices 與國際市場接軌 to integrate with

48、the world market預(yù)算外支出（收入）off-budget (extra-budgetary) expenditure (revenue)預(yù)調(diào)pre-emptive adjustment月環(huán)比on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis再貸款central bank lending在國際金融機(jī)構(gòu)儲(chǔ)備頭寸 reserve position in international financial institutions 在人行存款 deposits at (with) the central bank在途資金fund in float增加農(nóng)

49、業(yè)投入to increase investment in agriculture增勢減緩 deceleration of growth; moderation of growth momentum 增收節(jié)支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures 增長平穩(wěn) steady growth增值稅value-added tax (VAT)漲幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate; excessive growth 賬外賬 concealed accounts折舊depreciation整頓retren

50、chment; consolidation政策工具policy instrument11文檔來源為 :從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word 版本可編輯 .歡迎下載支持.政策性業(yè)務(wù)policy-related operations政策性銀行policy banks政策組合policy mix政府干預(yù)government intervention證券交易清算settlement of securities transactions證券業(yè)務(wù)占款funding of securities purchase支付困難payment difficulty支付能力payment capacity直接調(diào)控方式向 to increase the rel