上海牛津英語高一下U3-4語言點-keys

1、上海牛津英語 高一（下）語言點S1A U3-U4S1A U3 PlantsI. Reading-The interesting world of plants1. serve (1)提供(食物、飲料等) serve sb. with sth. 這家酒店什么時候供應早餐？What time is breakfast served in this hotel?(2) 服務，對待她在公司忠心耿耿地工作了30年。She has served the company faithfully for thirty years.(3) 可做，適于這個盒子可以當做椅子。The box will serve as

2、 a seat.(4) 任職，服役（軍隊等）他年輕時在軍隊服役。He served in the navy when he was young.2. separate(1) v. separate A from B （使） 分開 Its impossible to separate belief from emotion.(區(qū)別情感與信念) (2) adj. 單獨的孩子們分開睡。The children sleep in separate beds. 他們各自單獨生活. They lead separate lives. (3) adj. 不同的（different/ distinguish）

3、這件事在三個不同場合都發(fā)生過. It happened on three separate occasions.3. speaking of “提起，說到”。可單獨放在句子前作狀語，也可作插入語，其邏輯主語和句子的主語可不一致。generally speaking（一般而言）time permitting（時間允許的話），judging from (根據(jù)判斷), considering（就而論）, talking of., (提到)supposing(假如)II. More Reading-Learn to care for plants1. decorate (vt.) 裝飾;裝修decor

4、atewith 用裝飾The little girl decorated her hair with flowers.(用花來裝飾頭發(fā))be decorated with 裝飾著大廳裝飾著五彩的氣球。The hall was beautifully decorated with colourful balloons.decoration (n.) 裝飾；裝飾物（常s）2. ignore (vt.) 忽視;不予理睬The athlete ignored the pain(不管疼痛) and continued to compete.ignorant (a.) 無知的他不知道發(fā)生了什么。He is

5、 ignorant of what happened. ignorance (n.) 無知Knowledge makes humble; ignorance makes proud.知識使人謙虛，無知使人 驕傲。區(qū)別ignore和neglectignore 是故意不理睬；neglect 是因粗心或遺忘漏做neglect ones meals and sleep 廢寢忘食neglect ones duties 玩忽職守 Q: What will happen if you _ the traffic rules? BA. miss B.ignore C. overlook D. neglect

6、3. goldengolden (a.) 金色的;寶貴的金科玉律golden rule 鼎盛時期golden age絕好的機會golden opportunity黃金時段golden hoursS1A U4 Creatures large and smallI. Reading-Friend or enemy?1. frightenbe frightened of 害怕e.g. The little girl is not frightened of strangers. (不怕生人)frighten (vt.) sb 恐嚇某人Dont frighten her. （不要恐嚇她）After a

7、ll, she is a child. frightening adj.令人驚恐的，令人害怕的frightened adj.受驚嚇的，害怕的e.g. That crash is the most _ (frighten) experience in my life. frighteninge.g. The _ (frighten) children were calling for their mothers. frightenedfright (n.) 驚恐，害怕2. suppose (v.) 認為，猜想 (conj.) suppose (that)/ supposing (that) =i

8、f 狀語從句引導詞，“假如”假如你有一百萬英鎊，你要如何花這些錢呢？Suppose you had a million pounds how would you spend it?你猜她發(fā)生什么事了?What do you suppose has happened to her?“他來嗎?” “對, 我想他能來.” “Will he come?” “Yes, I suppose so.” 否定： No, I suppose not. / No, I dont suppose so.他們應該在一小時以前到達這里。 They were supposed to be here an hour ago

9、. 3. remark (n.) 評論(+on/upon)make a remark (on/upon.)就.發(fā)表意見;對.品頭論足 remark (+ on/upon) v.評論Prof. Smith remarked on the difference between the two dictionaries.(評論兩本字典的不同)remarkable (a.) 顯著的;非凡的4. survivevt. 從逃生；幸免于從戰(zhàn)爭/災難/火災/地震中逃生survive the war/the disaster/the fire/an earthquakevi 幸存 The fittest sur

10、vive. 適者生存。我們靠著剩下的這點錢活了下來。 We managed to survive /live on the remaining money.n. survival 幸存 /survivor 幸存者5. emerge vi. 顯露；出現(xiàn)；暴露emerge from the water 從水中浮現(xiàn)出來n. emergence 出現(xiàn)/ emergency 突發(fā)事情emergency exit 應急出口in case of emergency 若發(fā)生緊急情況6. fill vt. 裝滿 在杯子中裝滿水fill the glass with water滿足某人的要求 fill （sati

11、sfy/meet）ones requirements/needs/demands be filled with= be crowded/packed with充滿 當你看著太陽冉冉升起的時候，心中就會充滿希望。While you are watching the sun rising slowly, you will be filled with hope. vi. fill in/out 填寫 填寫表格fill in an application form7. exceptexcept: 排除同類事物，不包括在整體里面，其意為“除以外”、“除去”。 except=but。except 不放句

12、首，要放句首用 except for 代替 Everyone is here except Tom.除湯姆外，大家都到了。 = Except for Tom everyone is here.除了我每個人都對考試成績感到滿意。Everyone was satisfied with the exam result except me. =Except for me everyone was satisfied with the exam result.except for:它表示不同類事物之間的關系， 指美中不足e.g. 這部電影除了結尾之外都很好。 The movie was good exc

13、ept for the ending.說說 except 和except for 的區(qū)別 只有except for 可以放在句首except 是同類事物之間的關系，指把同類排除在外； except for 是不同類事物間的關系，指美中不足；except for 后不接that 從句？ n. exception without exception 毫無例外凡規(guī)則必有例外。There is no rule without an exception. All the computers are working well _ this one. exceptThe computer is good _

14、 the price. except for Some other computers broke down _ this one yesterday. besidesHe told me everything about the computer _ he won it as a prize. except thatThe computer is working well _ I go online. except whenHe seldom goes anywhere except _ his office. to I have looked for my key everywhere e

15、xcept _ the drawer. in8. similar adj.類似的be similar to sb in sth 與某人在方面相似我和最好的朋友在性格上很相似。I am very similar in character to my best friend. similarly adv.同樣地similarity (n.) 相似之處9. treat v. 對待，看待，處理，治療，款待，請客 治療某人的病 treat sb./ones disease對待；看作 treat sb. as/like =(regard as, look on as / consideras/to be

16、/ think of as , think to be ) 把他當作自己的孩子treat sb. as/like his own child款待，請客 treat sb. to sth. treat kids to candies 招待小孩吃糖果 treat/entertain sb. to dinner 請某人吃晚飯用殺蟲劑處理莊稼treat the crops with insecticiden. 款待，請客這次我請客。This is my treat.treatment n.治療 10. point (n./v.) 要點，意義（n.）我不明白她最后那句話的意思。I dont see th

17、e point of her last remark. There is no point in “做是沒有意義的”抱怨是沒有意義的。There is no point in complaining. point out指出他指出他們是錯誤的。He pointed out that they were mistaken. Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. (山東卷)A. where B. that C. when D. whichsee sbs point 明白觀點ge

18、t ones points 理解某人的意思 from my point of view 在我看來to the point 恰當，中肯 off the point 離題a case in point 恰當?shù)睦覶here is no point in doing sth. 做是沒有用的擔心是沒有用的。There is no point in worrying about it. Whats the point of doing sth.? 做某事有什么意義呢？ boiling/freezing/turning point 沸點，冰點，轉(zhuǎn)折點II. More Reading-The mystery

19、 of hibernation1. occur -rr- (vi.) 發(fā)生空難是什么時候發(fā)生的？When did the air crash occur?這片區(qū)域經(jīng)常有地震發(fā)生。Earthquakes occur frequently in this area.sth occur to sb 某人想到to do/that他在夢里想到一個絕妙的點子。A brilliant idea occurred to him in a dream.我突然想起要去拜訪老師。It occurred to me to visit my teacher. 我從沒想到他會遇到麻煩。It never occurred

20、to me that he might be in trouble. 2. absence (n.) 缺席;不在in ones absence某人不在，缺席我不在的時候做的決定。The decision was made in/during my absence.be absent (a.) from 缺席他沒來學校，因為他生病了。He was absent from school, because he was ill.3. compare vt. 比較，比喻compareto 把比作把書籍比作朋友compare books to friends comparewith 把和進行比較 _wi

21、th yours , my pen writes better. compared_ my pen with yours, I decide to buy another. comparingcomparative adj. 比較的；相對的incomparable 無可比擬n. comparison 比較by comparison 比較起來in comparison with和相比4. continuously ad. = uninterruptedly 連續(xù)不斷地 * c.f. continually = at short intervals 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，經(jīng)常地The river flows

22、continuously through the country.He goes to see her continually.The wind blew continuously for three days.He is continually reminding me of what I owe him.He kept us continuously supplied with fresh fruits.5. breath n. 呼吸 深呼吸 draw/take a deep breath hold ones breath 屏息 out of breath 上氣不接下氣lose ones

23、breath喘不過氣來breathless adj. 喘不過氣來的，屏息的breathtaking adj. 令人興奮的，令人心驚肉跳的 v. breathe bri:ð breathe in/out6. dropvi. 落下，下降 The temperature dropped suddenly. drop to the lowest point drop by 40% drop in on sb./drop in at sp. 順便走訪某人，某地 來辦公室見我drop in on me at my officen.滴 a drop of water 一滴水下降 a drop in

24、 prices/temperature 價格/氣溫下降7. bottom n. .底部at the bottom of 在的底部from the bottom of ones heart發(fā)自內(nèi)心地8. stir vt. (stirred) a. 攪動用湯匙攪拌咖啡 stir the coffee with a spoon b. 激動；激起 stir ones blood/ones imagination 使某人熱血沸騰，激起某人幻想9. contrastn. 對比；對照by/in contrast 對比之下 in contrast to/with 與形成對照；與對比鮮明的對比a sharp/r

25、emarkable/striking contrast 他的白頭發(fā)和深色皮膚形成鮮明對比。 His white hair was in sharp contrast with his dark skin.綜合練習1. 我們剛就座，服務員就給我們上茶。（serve）The waiter served us tea as soon as we were seated.2. 這兩只狗老是打架，你應該把它們分開。（separate）The two dogs are always fighting. You should keep them separate from each other.3. 當瑪麗

26、和我談起昔日的大學往事時，我們禁不住大笑起來。（speak of）When Mary and I spoke of the old days at university, we couldnt help laughing.4. 老板不能容忍他的職員一而再地犯同一個錯誤。（tolerate）The boss cant/is unable to tolerate his employees making the same mistake again and again. 5. 她常常生病的原因是因為她不怎么熱衷于運動。（reason）The reason why she often gets sick/falls ill is that she isnt keen on getting/taking exercise.6. 地板上丟滿了煙頭。（litter）The floor was littered with cigarette ends.7. 你不必對他答應的事當真，因為他從來說話都不算數(shù)。(seriously)You should not take his promises seriously, because he never keeps his word.8. 我向她打招呼，可她根本不理我。(ignore)I said hello to her, but she