2020-2021年英語(yǔ)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解100及答案經(jīng)典

1、2020-2021年英語(yǔ)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解 100及答案經(jīng)典一、初三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(含答案詳細(xì)解析) 1 .根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容理解選擇正確答案。AAccording to a new survey, students Safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school. Now in main big cities in China, some schools have taught an unusual lesso

2、n: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens.Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students advice on how to deal with danger. If you

3、are robbedKeep calm. lf you can not cry for help or run away. Give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later. If you are in a traffic accidentIf a car hits you. You should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before y

4、ou let the rider go. This is because you dont know how seriously you are hurt If it is raining hard and there is lightingDont stay in high places and stay away from trees.When there is a fireGet away as fast as yon can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift. If so

5、meone is drowningIf you cant swim, dont get into the water. Cry out for help.Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all time!(1) Why do students like the self-protection lesson? Because there are no tests. Because the lessons are boring Because they can lear

6、n how to save lives. Because they can know how to stop danger b efore it happens.A.B.C.m D.(2) What will you do if a bicycle hurts you?A. I will remember the bicycle number.B. I wont let the rider go until I call my parents.C. I will let the rider go before I call my parents.D. I will let the rider

7、go because I know how seriously I am hurt.(3) lf your house is on fire, you must.A. put dry things on your bodyB. run quickly and take the liftC. run away and find an exit as quickly as you canD. take everything you have and then run away(4) There are ways of self-protection mentioned in the passage

8、.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6 The best title for this passage is.A. How to Keep Calm B. Self-protection C. An usual lesson D. Danger 【答案】（1） DB（3） C（4） CB【解析】【分析】據(jù)調(diào)查，學(xué)生的安全是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題，現(xiàn)在很多學(xué)校開(kāi)設(shè)特殊的安全課。一位來(lái)自北京25中的老師給我們介紹的幾點(diǎn)遇到危險(xiǎn)時(shí)的正確做法。發(fā)生交通事故時(shí)首先 要記下車號(hào)碼，有閃電的時(shí)候不要使用手機(jī)不要看電視，發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)要及時(shí)逃生，有人溺 水時(shí)要呼救，遇到搶劫時(shí)要保持冷靜等等。細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第段 Students

9、like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens. 可知 學(xué)生喜歡這個(gè)課時(shí)因?yàn)闆](méi)有考試，不無(wú)聊，可以學(xué)習(xí)如何救命，知道怎樣預(yù)防危險(xiǎn)。故選Do細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù) If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go.可知被自行車撞了給父母打電話來(lái)了才能讓肇事

10、者離開(kāi)。故選Bo細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù) Get away as fast as yon can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift.可知家里著火要盡快離開(kāi)，把東西打濕披在身上，別乘電梯。故選 Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)閱讀可知，文中提到了5種自保方式，發(fā)生交通事故時(shí)首先要記下車號(hào)碼，有閃電的時(shí)候不要使用手機(jī)不要看電視，發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)要及時(shí)逃生，有人溺水時(shí)要呼 救，遇到搶劫時(shí)要保持冷靜。故選 Q主旨大意。本文講述學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)遇到危險(xiǎn)時(shí)如何自保。故選Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解考查對(duì)篇章的把握和對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的識(shí)別能力，答

11、題時(shí)注意緊扣問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵 詞，在文章中尋找答案。2 .閱讀理解Its hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you dont have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.One reason for this is climate （氣候） change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected da

12、ta （數(shù)據(jù)） from 27 countries and regions that produce 86 percent of the worlds bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield （平均產(chǎn)量）has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare （公頃）.However, if temperatures keep

13、rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the worlds biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050,the fruit may die out.Shouldnt bananas grow more easily if its hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range for growing bananas is betwe

14、en 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, they will stop growing.Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings (莖段) rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype (基因型).In other words, if a disease is able to

15、 kill one plant, it could kill them all.One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus (真菌) in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation (種 植園) suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is abl

16、e to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease.(1) What does the underlined word this in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Peoples love for bananas.B. The taste of bananas.C. The convenience of eating bananas.D. The future disappearance of bananas.(2) What might happen if tempera

17、tures keep going higher?A. More countries will start to grow bananas.B. Bananas will grow better in most countries.C. Bananas will not be able to grow any more.D. Bananas wont be as tasty as before.(3) What does Paragraph 5 tell us?A. What diseases bananas may suffer from. B. How bananas are grown.C

18、. How diseases can easily kill bananas. D. Which diseases can kill bananas. (4) The passage is written to.A. offer tips for growing bananasB. explain why bananas may die outC. show the difficulties of growing bananas D. describe bananas growing conditions 【答案】(1) D(2) C(3) C(4) B【解析】【分析】主要講了香蕉可能消失的原

19、因。(1)推斷題。根據(jù)前句However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050. 可知介紹了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以 this代指香蕉消失，故選 Do(2) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the worlds biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer banan

20、as. By 2050, the fruit may die out可知溫度持續(xù)上升，香蕉將更少，最終可能消失，即 不能生長(zhǎng)，故選a(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Diseases are another danger to bananas.可知疾病是香蕉的另一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)， 即疾病是怎樣殺死香蕉的，故選Co(4)主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了香蕉可能消失的原因，故選Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。3 .閱讀理解Grace Murray was born on

21、December 9, 1906 in New York City. In 1928 she finished her education in Vassar College in Maths and Physics. Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934.In 1930, Grace Murray married Vincent Foster Hopper. They we

22、re happy together for 15 years. She taught at Vassar College until 1943, when she joined the United States Navy (海軍)to help her country during World War n .Then she was given a job at the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University, where she worked on the Mark series of computers.In 1

23、945, she began to do research in Applied (應(yīng)用)Physics at Harvards Computation Laboratory. In 1949 she joined the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and worked with people working in it. Years later, she returned to the Navy. She retired in 1971 but continued teaching for the computer development. Br

24、ewster Academy, a school in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, the United States, gave its computer lab to her for free in 1985, calling it the Grace Murray Hopper Centre for Computer Learning. She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro. She passed away in her sleep in 1992. Since her

25、death, her workmate Elenor Briggs has been going on with her work.Grace Murray was a great woman and a leader in the computer development. Her work helped improve the use of computer languages. She practised her words Dare and Do in her lifetime.(1) How many years did Grace Murray teach at Vassar?A.

26、 About 2 years. B. About 6 years. C. About 12 years. D. About 18 years. (2) Before she joined the United States Navy, what did Grace Murray do at Yale University?A. She studied Maths.B. She researched Applied Physics.C. She developed computer languages. D. She worked on the Mark series of computers.

27、 (3) Why did the school in Wolfeboro give its computer lab to Grace Murray for free?A. Because the lab was built with her help. B. Because she once spent some time there.C. Because Wolfeboro was her home town. D. Because she once taught there. (4) The underlined phrase passed away in Paragraph 3 mea

28、ns.A. workedB. diedC. waitedD. dreamed【答案】(1) C A (3) B (4) B 【解析】【分析】本文介紹了Grace Murray的一生。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University 從 1931 年起，她一直在瓦薩任教，She taught at Vassar Collegeuntil 1943 ,直到1943年，可知 格蕾絲 默里在瓦薩教了大概 12年書，故選C=(2)推理題。根據(jù) Since 193

29、1, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued herstudy at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934.自1931年以來(lái)，她一直在vassar教書，并繼續(xù)在耶魯大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，1934年在那里她在數(shù)學(xué)方面取得了很大成績(jī)，可知在加入美國(guó)海軍之前，格雷斯默里在耶魯大學(xué)教數(shù)學(xué)，故選A。(3)推理題。根據(jù) She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro 她在沃 爾夫博羅的一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)丶彝ザ冗^(guò)了童

30、年的夏天可知沃爾夫博羅的學(xué)校免費(fèi)把它的計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室給格雷斯 默里因?yàn)樗?jīng)在那里呆過(guò)一段時(shí)間，故選Bo(4)詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) Since her death自從她死后，可知passed away是去世的意 思，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測(cè)題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋 找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測(cè)題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相 關(guān)信息鎖定詞意。4 .閱讀理解When you think of a museum, I bet you dont think of a place where children run around. But the S

31、cience Museum is different. Its noisy!You can get to the Science Museum by going on the London Underground from Waterloo on the Jubilee Line to Westminster. Then take the Circle or the District Line to South Kensington. When you walk out, take a look around you, and you should see it.What to bring:

32、at least two bottles of drinks for the kids and f 10 to spend in the cafes. Entrance is free!The most interesting and exciting part of coming here is to go to the kids area, the Launch Pad on the 3rd floor. At busy times, you may have to wait in line, but staff (工作人員) will provide science toys for y

33、ou and the kids to play with. It is great fun there. And if you love science, it should indulge (滿足)you as you will learn about science in a fun way. There are alsosimulators (模擬裝置)on the 3rd floor, so think of Floor 3 as a fun floor.If you want to learn about the museum, then go to the ground floor

34、. They have some things which will interest you.Over all, its a fun experience for the kids and you may enjoy it too. Its also free to get in!(1) How is the Science Museum different from other museums?A. Its big.B. Its free.C. Its busy.D. Its noisy.(2) Paragraph 2 is mainly about.A. how to get to th

35、e Science MuseumB. when to visit the Science MuseumC. what to bring to the Science Museum D. how to plan a trip to the Science Museum(3) You can at the Launch Pad.A. buy your favourite drinkB. get some science toys for freeC. learn about science in a fun wayD. learn the history of the Science Museum

36、(4) What do the underlined words Over all mean in Chinese?A.另外曲之咽此D1反 The passage is most probably.A. a storyB. a piece of newsC. a reviewD. an advertisement【答案】（1） DA(3) C(4) BC【解析】【分析】大意：本文介紹怎樣去科學(xué)博物館及科學(xué)博物館里面的一些好玩的地方，如第三樓的航天器等發(fā)射平臺(tái)，有許多模擬裝置。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) But the Science Museum is different.Its noisy!可知，科

37、學(xué)博物館很吵，故選D。(2)段落大意題。第二段主要介紹怎樣去科學(xué)博物館，故選 Ao(3) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) it should indulge (滿足) you as you will learn about science in a fun way. 可知，你可以在發(fā)射平臺(tái)用一種有趣的方式了解科學(xué)，故選Co(4) 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) Over all, its a fun experience for the kids and you may enjoy it too. Its also free to get in!可知，總之，它是孩子進(jìn)行有趣體驗(yàn)的好去處，你可能也會(huì)喜歡它。進(jìn)去 是免費(fèi)的。本段

38、是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，推出 over all的意思是 總之”，故選B。(5)推斷題。這篇文章介紹科學(xué)博物館，結(jié)合 Over all, its a fun experience for the kids 等 等可知，這篇文章可能是一篇評(píng)論，故選Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，首先通讀全文，了解全文大意，其次分析問(wèn)題，抓住問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵 詞，在文中尋找相關(guān)信息，確定答案，最后再檢查一遍，確保答案正確。5 .閱讀理解Esperanza lives in a poor Latino (拉丁美洲的)neighbourhood in Chicago, America. Shedreams of having her ow

39、n house one day. Her parents told her that when they moved from their last house, they would have a new and shiny (亮閃閃的) house. But the house is small and old.Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family.A lot of the people who have come from Mexico

40、 dont speak English. Many miss their home country. Esperanza understands their sadness, but she also feels at home in America. She is an American, but her roots (根) will always be Latino.Esperanza is young. Like her friends, she has to grow up fast. She is stuck between being a girl and being a woma

41、n. In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her. Mexican people usually live in a close neighbourhood. This means that people live packed (擠塞 的)in together. Everyone knows everyone else. So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable doing. It

42、 is just a fact of her life.But Esperanza has good friends too. She becomes friends with two sisters named Lucy and Rachel. They ride bikes and have adventures (冒險(xiǎn)) together. Esperanza is also friends with a girl named Alicia. Alicia is afraid of the rats in her apartment. She shares her poems with

43、Esperanza.(1) What is RIGHT about Esperanza?A. She doesnt like what some of the older girls are doing.B. She isnt quite used to her life in America.C. She is an American and has a comfortable life.D. She often lives with her friends enjoying doing things together.（ 2 ） Where does Esperanza live?A. I

44、n a big old house in Mango Street.B. In a small and old house in Mango Street.C. In a new and shiny house.D. In a small and dangerous house.（ 3 ） We can infer from the text that .A. many people who live in Mango Street are dangerousB. Mango Street is an area where Esperanzas childhood is unforgettab

45、leC. in Mango Street, people dont speak EnglishD. in Mango Street, everybody understands Esperanza s sadness（ 4 ） What does the word stuck in the third paragraph mean?A. hard to agree B. hard to believe C. hard to move D. hard to have a correct idea（ 5 ） The passage is mainly a simple introduction t

46、o .A. a persons experienceB. a persons friendsC. a place named Mango StreetD. love and sadness from Mango Street【答案】 （ 1 ） A（2） B（3） A（4） C（5） A【解析】 【分析】主要講了 Esperanza 住在美國(guó)芝加哥一個(gè)貧窮的拉丁美洲街區(qū)，房子又 小又舊，及其危險(xiǎn)困難的生活。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortabledoing.可知Esp

47、eranza不喜歡其他女孩做的不舒服的事情，故選A。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)But the house is small and old. Many people live in Mango Street, in a bigold house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family. 可知Esperanza 的房子是小的舊的，住在Mango Street 的后面，故選 B。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her 可知住在 Ma

48、ngo Street 是危險(xiǎn)和困難的，故選A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)前句Like her friends, she has to grow up fast. 像她的朋友一樣，她不得不快速成長(zhǎng)，所以卡在了女孩和婦女間，即很難移動(dòng)，即 hardto move ，故選C。（ 5）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)全文可知主要介紹了Esperanza 住在美國(guó)芝加哥一個(gè)貧窮的拉丁美洲街區(qū)，房子又小又舊，及其危險(xiǎn)困難的生活。即個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的介紹，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。6 閱讀理解To protect the environment, we are on the way. Here ar

49、e a few things we can do.Unwanted gifts? Give them away!Have you ever received a gift that you didnt like? Did you throw it away? If so, you can have another choice now. Two British companies hopes people will give away their unwanted gifts to them. And they will resell the gifts to raise money for

50、the poor. In this way, the gifts can be refused and have a future life. And people can make a difference to the world.Wear the trousers that reduce (減少)pollution!A chemistry scientist and a fashion designer (時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師)have created a new kind oftrousers. The trousers are made of a new material which can

51、help reduce air pollution around us. Scientists have tested the material. The result shows that it isnt harmful to human. This new kind of trousers may appear at the market in two years. Professor Ryan said, If thousands of people wear the trousers, the air quality will be improved.Plant trees with

52、FelixFelix Finkbeiner, a 14-year-old German boy, is not famous as a child actor but an environment hero. At the age of 9, Felix got the idea that children could do something to protect the environment. So he started a club. Felix soon got support from children all over the world. Some of them have b

53、ecome his good friends. The club has an aim of planting 212 million trees. They have planted over 3.5 million trees all around the world. Felix said, The answer to controlling global (全球的 ) warming is trees-lots of tre es!”(1) The companies resell the unwanted gifts A. to make the unwanted gifts use

54、fulB. to help people learn to think carefullyC. to save money from itD. to make money for themselves(2) The trousers mentioned in the passage -A. have been created by a physics scientist and a fashion designer B. can help make air pollution lessC. will do harm to peopleD. will be popular in two year

55、s(3) Felix started a club _.A. to become famousB. to become a child actorC. to protect the environment with other childrenD. to make friends with the children around the world【答案】(1) CB(3) C【解析】【分析】文章大意：這篇短文主要介紹了人們?yōu)榱吮Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境而想出的三種方法。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) And they will resell the gifts to raise money for the poor.

56、可知這家公司回收禮品主要是為了從中為貧困人群募集資金，故選Co(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Wear the trousers that reduce(減少)pollution!及下文描述，可知這種褲子有利于減少空氣污染。故選B。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段At the age of 9, Felix got the idea that children could dosomething to protect the environment. So he started a club. Felix soon got support from children all over the world

57、.可知他建立這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部的主要目的就是為了和全球的孩子們?cè)谝黄鸨Ｗo(hù) 地球，故選Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解能力，首先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后根據(jù)問(wèn)題在文章中找到依 據(jù)，選出正確答案。7 .閱讀理解At my primary school, I was one of the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always got perfect scores. I thought I was born clever. At least I believed so. I was also a prodigy in music according to myself. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school. I was pretty sure that once I got to the sixth grade, everyone would be surprised by me.But actually, they werent.When I arrived at my new class, I couldnt wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there wa