閱讀短文還原句子解題技巧

1、精品文檔閱讀短文還原句子是中考題型中最年輕的題型，即2010年北京英語考試中的新題型，一般有200-250個單詞左右，為5選4的題型。設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。根據(jù) 2010年-2012年各區(qū)縣一模、二模及真題中此類題型的考查，可看出考題中段中設(shè)空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。另外，從 2013年各區(qū)一模題來看設(shè)空也符合上述出題規(guī)律。根據(jù)對2013年考試說明及課標中“讀”的七級要求第5條和第6條的分析，總結(jié)出此類試題主要考查：1.學生能理解故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序。2.學生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)以上分析得出此類試題考查的文體主要為記敘文。我們都知道記敘文的六要素為：時間、

2、地點、人物、起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果。因此，根據(jù)記敘文常見的寫作順序，可知其 解題思路主要為時間順序、動作順序和故事發(fā)展順序。此外，關(guān)注段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，主要為：并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系及其它關(guān)系(包括單詞重復、代詞指代、排比句式等).針對閱讀短文還原句子的考查點，我們總結(jié)出此類題型的解題步驟及得分技巧，具體如下：1 .解題步驟(1)讀選項，劃關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序。(2)讀文章，找邏輯，抓過渡詞。(3)先易后難來解題。(4)回讀文章定答案。2 .得分技巧(1)抓住過渡詞，看住上下句。(2)盯緊橫線的前后詞語。通過學生對這類題型的解題步驟、思路及技巧的練習和實踐，可總結(jié)出以下復習策略：1 .養(yǎng)成限時閱讀

3、的習慣，提高閱讀速度。培養(yǎng)學生的閱讀技能， 處理好閱讀速度與效率問 題。閱讀速度應控制在每篇 5分鐘，每分鐘40-50個詞為宜。2.注意常考點。針對五選四， 平時練習多注意代詞(如 it , this , they )、選項的句內(nèi)關(guān)系(如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折)及重現(xiàn)(文章與選項的復現(xiàn)提示)等。解題技巧通讀全文，了解文章大意.通讀答案，找出和文章相對應的關(guān)鍵詞.根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi) 容，并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，將選項填入文中.將所選答案代入文中，再次通讀全文，重點考查邏輯關(guān) 系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu).研究多余選項，確定排除理由，最終確定答案.2 .如果問題設(shè)在段首(1)通常是段落的主題句認真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則

4、，查找相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句(2)與后文是并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果關(guān)系等.著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找相關(guān)特征詞 ，通常正確答案的最 后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句之間會有某種的銜接手段.(3)段落間的過渡句.這時要瞻前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機地銜接起 來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來.3 .如果問題設(shè)在段尾(1)空白前的一句或兩句是重點語句，重點閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞.(2)通常是結(jié)論，概括性語句注意在選項中查找表示結(jié)果結(jié)論，總結(jié)等的信號詞.Therefore, as a result, thu

5、s, hence,in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句.(3.)與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立，對比關(guān)系.(4.)與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系在這種，f#況下，通常是該段落要求補全說明本段主題的其他細節(jié)，因此，根據(jù)段落一致性原則在原文和選項中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前 文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索.(5.)所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時可考慮

6、與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接.認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項的最后一句緊密連接起來(6.)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認真閱讀，看此處是細節(jié)還是主題通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些信號詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案應有這樣的特征詞.【2011北京】七、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后的五個選項中選出能填入空白處的最 佳選項，選項中有一項為多余選項。（共 8分，每小題2分）Kenny and Bobbi McCaugheylive in Iowa. They have a big family. Mikayla is the oldest child in the fa

7、mily. She is six years old. The other children are Brandon, Joel, Kelsey, Kenny. Natalie, Alexis and Nathan. They are all five years old. Whyare they all the same age? _6l_They are septuplets!It is hard work to look after seven babies at the same time, 62_. In the beginning, many people helped them.

8、 They helped to feed, clean, and dress the babies. Every week, the septuplets used about 170 diapers （尿布）! 63.Now the children are older. The septuplets started school this year. But they go to school at home, like their big sister, Mikayla. WhenMikayla was ready for school, Kenny and Bobbi decided

9、to teach her at home.64. Now Bobbi is the teacher forall eight of her children.A. They drank a lot of milk, tooB. Because they were born togetherC. Last year, Bobbi was Mikayla's teacherD. Kenny and Bobbi are interested in cookingE. But Kenny and Bobbi didn't look after them alone61 .正確答案B.我

10、們發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)鍵詞"Born"與age、five years old相呼應。再看空格的前兩句內(nèi)容提到 They are all five years old. Why are they all the same age?結(jié)合常理我們能夠得到他們應該是同時出生的。分析五個選項，排除不符合前后文意思內(nèi)容的選項。再通過后文說They are septuplets!（七胞胎）第二個選項明顯符合先后文的因果關(guān)系，故選Bo62 .正確答案E.先看單詞，look after 復現(xiàn)?？纯盏那昂?，前文說同時照顧七個寶寶是個 艱辛的工作，后文說起初有很多人幫助他們。前后邏輯是相反的，所以中間應該有

11、轉(zhuǎn)折。再看選項，把各個選項實在帶入只有E符合前后行文順序其它的內(nèi)容均與該空無關(guān)，故選 E。63 .正確答案A.首先注意關(guān)鍵詞they的指代，前文說到他們每天需要大量的尿布，而把 所有選項帶入后發(fā)現(xiàn)只有A選項與原文空格位置邏輯順序相符。故選A。其他選項與前文所描述內(nèi)容不能有效聯(lián)系，所以不選。64 .正確答案C.關(guān)鍵詞復現(xiàn)：Bobbi和關(guān)鍵詞替換原文中的 teach與選項中的teacher,從 邏輯看，帶入 C,去年Bobbi是Mikayla的老師，與下文現(xiàn)在她是所有孩子的老師成順承 關(guān)系。同時注意空格后一句的內(nèi)容。把選項C帶入前后文所描述的內(nèi)容一致。故選 Co其它選項與本題前后內(nèi)容描述不一致邏輯

12、不一致，故不選。（2011 桂林）CA hobby can be almost anything that a person likes to do in his spare time. Hobbyists raise pets, watch birds, paint pictures, play the piano and grow flowers. 66 They collect everything from books to butterflies and from boxes to stamps.People take up hobbies because these activit

13、ies offer enjoyment, friendship and relaxation. Hobbies help people relax after a long time of hard work, and provide a balance （ 平衡）between work and play. Hobbies offer interesting activities for the old. Some hobbies can make a child grow as a person, develop his interest and help him learn new sk

14、ills.67 Doctors have found that hobbies are useful inhelping patients （病人）recover （恢復）from illness. Hobbies give patients who can't move around something to do, and provide intereststhat keep them from thinking aboutthemselves. Many hospitals treat （治療）patientsby having them take up interestingh

15、obbies. 68In early times, most people were too busy making a living to have many hobbies. But some persons who had spare time did enjoy hobbies. 69 People today have more time than ever before for hobbies. Machines have now reduced much time that people must spend on their jobs.70 Those who have dev

16、eloped hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found free time hours.Sir William Osler, a famous Canadian doctor expressed the value （價值）of hobbies by saying, No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.”請根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容，從下列五個選項中選擇適當?shù)木渥舆€原到短文中，使短文完整與正確。將其標號在答題卡上涂黑。（每小題2分，共10分）A. More

17、people retire at an earlier age than before.B. Hobbies can also help a patient to keep healthy.C. The ancient Egyptians played games with balls made of wood.D. They also go to concerts, climb mountains, go fishing, skate and swim.E. Anyone, old or young, sick or well, rich or poor, can follow a good

18、 hobby, in spite of his age, health or money.【主旨大意】 本文介紹了愛好。人們能有各種各樣的活動作為自己的愛好，愛好能幫助人們放松，幫助病人保持健康。在以前人們忙于工作而沒有時間擁有愛好，現(xiàn)在人們有更多的時間去擁有更多的愛好。沒有人沒有愛好是幸福和安全的。66-70. DBECA【2011?可南省】DYou know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything. I want to tell you something importan

19、t during your reading.You shouldn't mark a book which isn't yours. 61 If you think it useful to mark books, you will have to buy them.There are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is to get the right by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But full ownership

20、comes only when you have made it a part of yourself. 62There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the best sellers unreadand untouched. The second has a great many books. 63 The third has a few dog-eared （翻折的）books, which are marked from front to back.Why is marking a book necessary? Fi

21、rst, it keeps you awake. In the second place, reading is thinking. 64 The marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the writer expressed. If reading is to learn anything more than passing time, it must be active.The boo

22、kyou read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost.But for a great book, rich in ideas, reading must be active. 65 You should come up with an understanding of what you have read.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，將A-E五個句子填入文中空缺處，使短文完整、正確，并將其標號填寫在下 面題號后的橫線上。A. You can't let your eyes move acros

23、s the lines.B. But most of them are as clean as the day they were bought.C. And thinking can express itself in words, spoken or written.D. People who lend you books expect you to keep them clean.E. The best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.4.1. 65.【主旨大意】 本文講述的是中我們讀書過程中

24、的一些重要事情。首先不要中書上做標記，除非那是你自己的。擁有書可以有兩個方式一個是買，另一個就是寫。書的主人有三種，一種是從來不讀不摸的，第二種是有很多的書，但大部分都像是新買的，第三種是打折的書，從頭到尾都做了標記的。為什么做標記很重要？因為它通常代表了這本書的觀點，也幫助你記住你當時的思想或作者所表達的思想。61 65 DEBCA （2011四川宜賓）請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出恰當?shù)倪x項補全短 文，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。并將其序號A、日C、D E填寫到相應番號之后的橫線上。 My mother is a kind and nice woman. 61 One Sunday n

25、ight, when I was watching the film Harry Potter very happily Mother asked meto go to bed. 62 that I didn 't move. But for a while, I noticed that she didn't say anything.63 I was so sad and thatI went into my room and cried. I thoughthave only two nights in a week to enjoythe TV. 64 " T

26、he next day she cooked and talked with me as usual. I pretended not to hear, but she didn 't mind and told me why she didn't allow meto watch TV 65 Then I understood her. I love my mother.A. But she is very strict with me.B. because she wanted me to have a good rest.C. Then she got angry and

27、 turned off the TV.D. I loved the film so muchE. Why doesn 't mother allow me to watch TV?61. 62. 63. 64. 65.【主旨大意】 本文是一篇關(guān)于和藹又嚴厲的媽媽的文章。周日晚上，我正在興致勃勃地看電影，媽媽關(guān)了電視讓我去睡覺，盡管很不開心但后來還是理解了母親。61. A由上下文，上文媽媽很善良和藹，下文媽媽強行關(guān)電視，表現(xiàn)媽媽的嚴厲。故選A62. D根據(jù)句意，這部電影很好看以至于我沒有動，sothat結(jié)果狀語從句，故選D=63. C由上下文可知，媽媽什么也沒說，我很傷心。可知原因是媽媽

28、關(guān)了電視。故選 Q64. E根據(jù)句意，我想我一周只有兩個晚上享受電視的時間，媽媽為什么不允許我看電視呢？這是作者的心理描寫。根據(jù)推斷，故選E。65. B根據(jù)句意：我沒理媽媽，她不介意，還告訴我為什么不讓我看電視，是想讓我休息好。故選B?！?011烏魯木齊】D閱讀下面短文，從文后方框內(nèi)所給的 ABCD即，選出恰當?shù)囊豁椷€原到文中合適的位置，使文章意思完整且符合邏輯。We sometimes call the lionthe king of the jungle" Because it is stronger and moredangerous than other animals. 6

29、6 It is the highest animal in the land food c hain.In the sea, the shark is one of the animals at the top of the food chain. It can swim faster than most other sea 6768. People are! Weare not the biggest or fastest. but we are the cleverest. Wecould not run faster than cheetahs, so we invented cars

30、and now we can move the fastest.We could not fight better than joins. so we invented puns. Now we ran hunt the best-People's inventions are clever, but they can be dangerous, too. For example, people invented lactones, and now they make the air and rivers dirty. 69 Dirty rivers kill fish. hen be

31、ars cannot eat the fish and die. If we kill one part of the food chain. other parts also die. Remember that we are a part of the food chain. so we are in danger, too! 70 We should and we could do something for the world!A. Protecting animals is protecting ourselves!B. And it can use its big teeth to

32、 eat them.C. This can make terrible changes.D. What is at the top of the world's food chain?E. It can run baler than many animals and it ran hunt the best.66. E 67. B 68. D 69. C 70. A【2011沈陽】B）閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)其內(nèi)容，從短文后的五個選項中選出能填入空白處的 最佳選項（有一項為多余選項）。Shopping is popular with many people around the world.

33、 They seem to find new ways to buy things every day. They visit shopping centers, order things through the mail, or buy things on the Internet.50For young people, one of the most popular ways to shop is to use a vending machine （自動售貨機 ）.These machines offer all kinds of things and you can find them

34、everywhere. In the USA, there are vending machines which sell CDs.51 Thestrangest product on sale from a vending machine is in Japan. Just put your coinsin the vending machine Tokyo, press the button, and out comes akabutomushi ",that is, a black beetle （甲殼蟲）.You keep it as a pet!Japan now has

35、Robosho” -a shop with no shop assistants, only robots. A robot reads your credit card（ 信用卡）and then gives you what you what. 52 People are very surprised that the robots can serve them as well as shop assistants do.Some shops in the UK are like social clubs for teenagers. Many of them have a cafeins

36、ide. The Youth Station has a large nightclub for teenagersunder 18, with a DJplaying music in a room that hangs the ceiling.Sports Town has a big screen, whereyou can see live sports from around the world.53A. And some robots can even talk.B. Many American people usually go shopping.C. You wont miss

37、 any exciting ball games even when you go shopping.D. People's shopping habits are always changing.E. New CDs are put in the machine every week.【主旨大意】本文敘述了世界各地不同的購物方式。50. D 51 E 52. A 53. C（2011湖南岳陽中考）（C）匹配 閱讀下篇材料，從所給的A-F六個選項中，選出五個正確的選項填空，使短文通順、內(nèi)容完整。Anger is a kind of feeling51 . When your teach

38、er gives you too much homework,when your team loses an important game, when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then breaks it, you may get angry.52. For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may wantto break something or hit someone, but sometimes you hide your anger. For e

39、xample, you may hide it in your heart. The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt.In fact, it's not good to hide your anger, and it's normal for you to get angrysometimes. 53 . Whenyou get angry, you can talk about it with adults, such as parents, tea

40、chers, etc 54 . Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: count from 1 to 100;give someone a hug go for a bike ride; think about good things, etc.Remember that when you are angry, how you act can make everything better or worse, 55 .A. But anger must be let out in the right

41、 way, without hurting others or yourselfB. Don let your anger control you.C. As soon as you find your problems, you may cry to relaxD. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry.E. After doing that, you'll find those bad feelings can start to go away.F. Many things can make you angry.51

42、. F從下文所舉例子可知。52. D聯(lián)系下文都是身體各部位的反應表現(xiàn)，故可知答案選 Do53. C 聯(lián)系上下文可知可適當讓自己的情緒發(fā)泄出來可知答案選54. E聯(lián)系上文可知那么做完心情會好一些，故答案選E。55. B通讀全文可知無論如何做都是為了讓事情變得更好，不要被其所控制，故答案選Bo【2011貴州貴陽】B.句子還原，閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從所給的選項中選擇恰當?shù)木?子填入短文，使其文理通順，并將其答題卡上該選項涂黑。A couple of years ago, I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend, Chris. We dec

43、ided to drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended. The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert,81The first day was a lot of fun as we were excited and laughing at each other's stupid jokes. By the third day of driving in the seemingly endless desert,

44、 we began to get bored. We had been quiet for a few hours when in the distance Chris found some kangaroos. Wewere both excited and decided to get a closer look. 82 We got closer and closer, and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per hour. We were very close to the kangaroos too close when we heard a lou

45、d BANG!Chris stopped the car and we got out. Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely still on the ground.83 He took off his sunglasses and put them onthe kangaroo and did the same with his jacket.Then, he put his arm around the kangarooand told me to take a photo of them together. 84 W

46、hile I was focusing the camera, I saw the kangaroo move. It suddenly woke up, looked at Chris, and jumped away into the distance before we could do anything.I started laughing but Chris looked very serious.85 I started laughing evenharder. I stopped laughing, however, when he said that our car keys

47、were also in the jacket!A. Chris speeded up to catch up with the kangaroos.B. He said his wallet and passport were in the jacket.C. In order to get there in three days, we drove very fast.D. so we had to take food, water, and extra gas with us.E. Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baseball

48、cap on its head.F. I was still surprised, but I took out my camera. DCEFB【2011福建莆田】DMarch 20th is World Water Day every year. According to a report from the United Nations, more than half of the world's majorrivers have serious water loss andare polluted.The Yellow River, the world's fifth l

49、ongest river, watered some of the oldest farms on earth. But now it has a serious problem.68 In most of the past 35 years,it didn't reach the sea.The Nile in Egypt, running 6, 650 km, is the longest river in the world. 69 Now itis down to 2 billion m' or so. Australia's Murray River reac

50、hes the sea only every other year. One fifth of America's Rio Grande has no water, either. 70Mostly it's damming （ 筑壩）and global warming that make rivers dry.71 Now about 45, 000 of them lie across the world's rivers. They hold back around 15% of the world's fresh water from running

51、to the sea.Global warming is making things worse. Warmer weather takes water away. The glacier （冰JI） are becoming smaller. 72 Global warming has had certain effects on water sources （ 源頭）.Droughts （ 干旱）happening around the world make people pay more attention to this fact.從方框中所給的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，補全短

52、文，其中有一項為多余選項。（10 分）1.72.文章大意：每年的3月20日是世界水日。根據(jù)美國的一個報道，世界上有一半多的主要河流嚴重缺水或被污染。黃河，世界上第五大河，在過去的 35年里，就沒有流到大海里。同 意，埃及的尼羅河，世界上最長的河流，由原來每年的 32000000000平方米的流量降低到 2000000000.等等。是說明原因造成這樣的現(xiàn)象？主要是由于筑壩和全球變暖導致河流干涸。68 72 FCDAB【2011福建福州】（任務型）三、閱讀短文，把A D四個句子填入短文的空缺處，使短文內(nèi)容完整、正確，然后完成第75個小題。The word cartoon &qu

53、ot; came form Italian. It first referred to the picture before an actual（ 真實的） drawing on the wall. _71_ Since the 1840s, it has also come to mean any drawing that is humorous, satirical （諷刺的） or showing an opinion. It usually appears in a newspaper and magazine, with or without a short test._72 Peo

54、ple of all ages, especially young children enjoy all kinds of cartoonsin newspapers and magazines, or television and at the movies. Cartoons not only show their life, but help form it. _73_They have supplied ideas to plays, movies and television series and so on. Namesor words form cartoon series ha

55、ve also come into modern languages.Many cartoonists （漫畫家）draw with special pens._74_Surely, computers areespecially effective for the making of animated cartoons. This helps us to enjoy more lively cartoons.A .They have set the style for clothing, food, manner and many other things.B. In the mid-19t

56、h century, it came into English.C. Some use the computer.D. Today cartoons are a part of the daily lives of most people.75. Form the passage, we know that.A. few young children like cartoonsB. the word cartoon " came form English.C. all cartoonists use pencils to draw cartoons nowadays.D. peopl

57、e like cartoons because they show and help form the life.71. B 72.D 73. A 74. C 75. D【江西省2011】B）請閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面方框內(nèi)的七個選項中，選出五個還原的原文中，是原文句子通順，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。并在答題紙上將序號涂黑。（每小題2分）81 ._It has around 3 billion fans - nearly half the worlds population! Andabout 300 million people play this game. That's 4 percen

58、t of the world' s population!82 ._Many people in old days played early forms of his modern game. Cu ju （蹴鞠） a ball-kicking game in China, was reported as early as 2500 B.C. Around the same time in Greece, people were also playing a similar ball gamewithout using their hands.But modern soccer didn't become official （官方的）until 1863. An Englishman called Cobb Morley introduced the idea of a soccer association （聯(lián)盟）.83. From thenon, other associations in the countries were set up. They c