專業(yè)英語八級分類模擬題閱讀理解(十九)

1、專業(yè)英語八級分類模擬題閱讀理解（十九）READING COMPREHENSIONTEXT AA clear-blue-eyed 19-year-old with a blond ponytail, Ben Alexander of Iowa City, tramps along a mossy trail, pops into a chi eke n coop he rece ntly helped build and grins while clamberi ng up a swin ging bridge to a coun sell ng room in a treehouse This

2、 is the rapy a la Swiss Family Robi nson.Alexa nder is the first patie nt at the n ewly ope ned RESTART, a video-game and Inter net addicti on recovery program in Fall City, Wash., about 30 miles east of Seattle .It's hard to imagi ne Alexander, now merrily giving a tour of the woodsy facility,

3、glued to a computer game for more than 16 hours a day, but he says, "It was pretty much all I was doing when I was in college."Nearly a year ago, Alexander had gotten so consumed with the online fantasy game World of Warcraft that he would skip meals and forgo sleep to keep up with the act

4、ion. Several times he tried unsuccessfully to wean himself off the game. On the brink of failing out of school, Alexander approached his dad for help. nl had a brief moment of clarity," he says.Alexander's parents were supportive, and checked him into an addiction treatment center in Easter

5、n Washington. But his fellow patients at the center were battling alcoholism, heroin addiction and other serious substance abuse problemsssues Alexa nder could rft relate to. "It was n't really worki ng for me?M he says. He left the center to try a wilderness adventure program in the Utah d

6、esert (which didn't help either), until his parents discovered RESTART, where, for $15,500 (ineluding application, screening and treatment fees), "guests*' could spend 45 days cut off from the computer, integrated into a real family's home with chores, daily counseling sessions and

7、weekly therapyThe program, run by psychotherapists Cosette Dawna Rue and Hilarie Cash, is located in Rae's house, where her husband and son also reside There's room for six patients, but during Alexander's treatment, he is the only one at the facility He is given a regular schedule, with

8、 outdoor activities (including carpentry projects or caring for chickens and goats) plotted throughout the day, plus chores and meals Rue says the program is designed to mimic what life will be like once patients return home downtime is built into the routine, so people can learn to cope with boredo

9、m Alexander spends some of that time running when he first got to the facility, he expressed an interest in running, so Rue and Cash set him up with a local trainer, who now takes him on regular jogs. Alexander also has daily counseling sessions with Ruef where they discuss his long-term goals, and

10、even work on a plan for a tutoring business he hopes to start Once a week, he has a therapy session with Cash, a specialist in video game and In ternet addicti on.Not every psychologist would agree that In ternet or video-game depe ndency is a legitimately diagnosable problem Some suggest that patho

11、logical game-playing or Inter net surfi ng is not an addiction per se, but a symptom of a deeper issue, such as depression or anxiety But Cash believes the virtual world can be no less addicting than other activities, such as gambling. She describes her first patient who exhibited signs of compulsio

12、n; He had come to her in a moment of crisis 15 years ago 一 having discovered a text-only role-playing computer game that was conceptually similar to Dun geo ns and Drago ns, he had beg un dedicati ng n early all of his time to the game He got fired from his job at nearby Microsoft, and his marriage

13、was falling lo pieces Cash realized he was showing the classical signs of addiction. J was so intrigued/* says the co-author of the recent book Video Games and Your Kids: How Parents Stay in Control. "That was what started me on my path."Since the n, Cash has focused her practice on video-

14、game and In ter net addicti on, treating patients who use their electronic media so obsessively that they stop sleeping and eating properly, ruin relationships with loved ones, suffer repetitive use injuries such as eye strain and carpal tunnel syndrome, and develop depression and anxiety, among oth

15、er things. Cash's private practice is located in Redmond, Wash, the home of Microsoft 一 not an entirely surprising hub of compulsive Internet and video-game use, she says. Indeed, the Seattle-Tacoma area is the nation's 13th largest media market, and has the highest level of Internet use in

16、the country; according to a recent study, more than 45% of adults in the area regularly play video games. ''There's no thing wrong with this technology/1 says Cash, who is careful to note that it's not the medium that is to blame, but rather, the lack of education about it. "It&

17、#39;s all in how it's used.Nl Which of the following statements about Alexander is true?A. He is unaware of the seriousness of his addiction to computer game playing.B. His treatment in RESTART is supported by his parents financially and spiritually.C. He has other senous substanee abuse problem

18、s besides computer game addiction.D. He feels restrained and unhappy during the treatment in RESTART 答案：B解劄 事實細節(jié)題亠第四段首句說他父母very supportive并且check him into"他登記円一家網(wǎng)癮治療 中心，顯然是父母出資，可見父母是在精神和經(jīng)濟上雙重支持他，故選B。第三段后兩句說亞歷山大 在片刻清醒時，向他父親求助，正是因為亞歷山大意識到自己網(wǎng)游成癮才可能有求肋的行為，故A錯 誤。第四段第二句提到同時接受治療的人都有酒癮、毒癮或者藥物濫用等成癮癥.而這些

19、亞歷山大都 沒有，故C錯誤。文章沒有提到亞歷山大在ReSTART接受治療時拘謹或不快樂，D屬于無中生有，排 除。2. Which of the following words is used literally, NOT metaphorically?A. GIued. (Paragraph 2)B. Battling. (Paragraph 4)C. Plotted. (Paragraph 5)D. Built. (Paragraph 5)答案：C解劄 修辭格題=Plot字面意思是“策劃；安排”，第五段中plotted throughout the day在這里用的是 其原意，故C正確。Gl

20、ued原意是“用膠水粘"，第二段中用glued to a computer game,用其比喻義“盯 住不放，沉迷故A排除。Battle是“戰(zhàn)斗啲意思,第四段中battling alcohol引申為“戒酒”，故B排除。 Built原意是“建筑”，在第五段中引申為“規(guī)劃，安排啲意思，相當于plotted,故D排除。3. ReSTART's treatment on Alexander does NOT includeA. assigni ng him some tasks like building a chi eke n coop or cooking.B. helping

21、him explore joy from developing other hobbies.C. offering some psychological service.D. tutoring him on business which he hopes to engage in.答案：D解答事實細節(jié)題n第五段倒數(shù)第二句，雷和亞歷山大討論他的長期規(guī)劃，甚至和他一起做計劃都是 為了做心理咨詢，并未提及有人會為亞歷山大指導(dǎo)他想做的生意，D屬于推導(dǎo)過度，故選D。在首段 首句說“鉆進他最近幫忙修建的雞棚"；由第五段第三句可知他每天的活動包括做飯，故A排除。第五 段第五句提到亞歷山大表示出對跑

22、步的興趣，雷和凱西就為他找來當?shù)氐慕叹殻梢娝麄兒茏⒁庥门d 趣愛好來讓亞歷山大更充實，故B排除。山第五段倒數(shù)第二句的daily counseling secessions可知 ReSTART會為亞歷山大提供心理咨詢，故C排除。4. Which of the following is Cash's opinion?An ter net or video-game depe ndency should n't be treated as a psychological problem.B. Video-game playing is more addictive than gamb

23、ling and other activities.C. Given more instructions and supervisio ns, people will have less Inter net-related problems.D. The more advanced technology is, the more dependent people will be on it.答案：c解答推理判斷題A對 B錯。尾段尾句中凱西說不應(yīng)該譴責媒介本身，而應(yīng)該提供更多的教育和 指導(dǎo)。故“如果有更多指導(dǎo)和監(jiān)督.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)問題就會減少"屬于她的觀點，選C。由第五段首句可知對 成癮癥患者

24、的治療是由凱西和另一位心理治療師共同開展的，作為心理治療師開展救治游戲成癮者, 那她必定是把其當做心理問題的，故A錯誤。由第六段第三句可知凱西認為虛擬世界成癮癥和現(xiàn)實世 界中的一樣糟，故B錯誤。尾段第二句講到凱西的私人診所位于微軟總部所在地時，凱西說這里網(wǎng)游 成癮也就不足為怪了 ；故由這句話可以看出凱西認為電腦技術(shù)越先進人們越有可能沉迷網(wǎng)絡(luò).故D錯 、口I天O5. Which of the following is NOT among the possible effects of video-game addiction?A. Obesity.B. Poor eyesight.C. Hand

25、icmp of interpersonml relationship.D. SIeep disorder.答案：A解答推理判斷題A對B錯。尾段首句說沉迷于網(wǎng)游的人沒有正常的睡眠和飲食、疏遠親朋好友、患上眼疾等疾病。文中沒有提到肥胖問題，而根據(jù)常識沉迷網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人經(jīng)常不吃飯也不大可能引起肥胖, 故選A。由eye strain可排除B ；由mined relationship with loved ones可排除C ；由stop sleeping properly 可知排除D。TEXT BHistoria ns have only recently beg un to note the in crea

26、se in demand for luxury goods and services that took place in eighteenth-century England. McKendrick has explored the Wedgwood firm's remarkable success in marketing luxury pottery; Plumb has written about the proliferation of provindal theater, musical festivals, and children's toys and boo

27、ks. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: Who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effects of the new dema nd for luxuries?An answer to the first of these has been difficult to obtairi Although it has been possible to inf

28、er from the goods and services actually produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of releva nt personal docume nts written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. We still need to know how large this consumer market w

29、as and how far dow n the social scale the con sumer dema nd for luxury goods pen etrated With regard to this last question, we might note in passing that Thompson, while nghtly restoring laboring people to the stage of eighteenth century English history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of th

30、ese people to the inroads of capitalist consumensm in general; for example, laboring people in eighteenth- century England readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries.To answer the question of why consumers became so eager to buy,

31、some historians have pointed to the ability of manufacturers to advertise in a relatively uncensored press. This, however, hardly seems a sufficient answer. Mckendrick favors a Veblem model of conspicuous consumption stimulated by competitio n for status. The 'middling sort" bought goods an

32、d services because they wan ted to follow fashions set by the rich Again, we may wonder whether this explanation is sufficient Do not people enjoy buying things as a form of self-gratification? If so, consumerism could be seen as a product of the rise of new concepts of individualism and materialism

33、, but not necessarily of the frenzy for conspicuous competition.Finally, what were the con seque nces of this consumer dema nd for luxunes? McKe ndrick claims that it goes a long way towa rd explai ning the comi ng of the In dustrial Revolutio n. But does it? What, for example, does the product!on o

34、f high-quality pottery and toys have to do with the development of iron manufacture or textile mills? It is perfectly possible to have the psychology and reality of a consumer society without a heavy industrial sector.That future exploration of these key questions is undoubtedly necessary should not

35、, however, diminish the force of the con clusio n of rece nt studies: the in satiable demand in eightee nth-ce ntury England for frivolous as well as useful goods and services foreshadows our own world. 1 In the first paragraph, the author mentions McKendrick and Plumb toA. contrast their views on t

36、he subject of luxury consumerism in 18th century England.B. in di cate the in adequacy of historiog rmphical approaches to 18th cen tury En glish history.C. give examples of historians who have helped to establish the fact of growing consumerism in 18th century England.D. support the contention that

37、 key questions about 18tb century consumerism remain to be answered. 答案：c解劄 推理判斷題A對B錯口根據(jù)題干中的McKendrick and Plumb可將本題的答案迅速確定在首 段的第二句。根據(jù)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)來分析，本段是介紹事實，引出問題的。文章在第三句提出了問題，那么 上文肯定會介紹到史學家對其研究這一事實，否則從何引出問題。所以，文章舉例的目的就是為了列 舉對英國奢侈品研究的例子，所以C項為本題答案。2. Which of the following statements would provide an example

38、 of the kind of documents mentioned in lines 3-4, paragraph 2?A. A written agreement between a supplier of raw materials and a supplier of luxury goods.B. A diary that mentions luxury goods and services purchased by its author.C. A theater ticket stamped with the date and name of a particular playD.

39、 A payroll record from a company that produced luxury goods such as pottery答案：B解答事實細節(jié)題n題干中的信息詞已將本題的答案定位在第二段的三、四行。第二段第二句的主句 only a study of releva nt pers onal docume nts written by actual con sumers, 即：只有具體的客戶所記 載下來相關(guān)的私人文件才能提供關(guān)于“誰想要什么"的準確信息。關(guān)鍵詞是personal documents, B項中 的diary與之對應(yīng)，表述完全符合原文中提到的要求，

40、所以本題的答案是B。3 Which of the following may be the laboring people's attitude in 18th century toward capitalist con sumerism?A. Enthusiasm.B. Curiosity C. Ambivalence.D. Hostility.答案：D解劄 推理判斷題A對 B錯。通過題干中的信息詞capitalist consumerism可將本題的答案定位在第 二段的尾句。本句提到：湯姆遜夸大了勞動人民對資本主義消費方式侵蝕的抵抗情緒。opposition 詞是關(guān)鍵信息，雖然說對

41、他們的抵制情緒有所夸大，但抵制情緒還是存在的，由此也就談不上A . Enthusiasm“熱情"。B“好奇心”、C“反感”兩項也很容易排除，所以D . Hostility“敵意"最為合適。4. Which of the following is true about the third paragraph?A. Manufacturers advertisements made consumers eager to buy.B. Mckendrick agrees that conspicuous competition was stimulated by competit

42、ion for statusC. The ''middling sort'1 bought goods and services to follow the fashions set by the richD. Consumerism could be the product of the frenzy for conspicuous competition.答案：B解答事實細節(jié)題亠根據(jù)題干信息，可以將答案定位在第三段。觀察各選項，A項提到的信息是對第 三段第一句話的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，但接下來的第二句“這似乎并不是個理由充分的答案”對第一句進行了否定, 因此A表述錯誤。B項是對

43、原文第三句話的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，麥克德瑞克同意由社會地位的競爭而引起的一 種引人注目的消費這一說法。為本題答案。C項的描述是對第四句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，但按下來的第五句也 進行了否定，所以與A項是同樣的錯誤，忽略了原文中的否定信息。D項則是與原文信息完全相反。5. Accordi ng to the passage, the reade rs of eightee nth-century En gla nd and the con tempo rary world areA. dissimilar in the extent to which luxury consumerism could be said

44、to be widespread among the social classes.B. dissimilar in their definitions of luxury goods and servicesC. dissimilar in the extent to which luxury goods could be said to be stimulant of industnal development.D. simila r in their strong dema nd for a variety of goods and services.答案：D解劄 事實細節(jié)題通過題干中K

45、)the contemporary world可將本題的答案迅速確定在尾段，因為尾 段中的our own world相當于the contemporary worldo尾段最后一句中的foreshadows是最關(guān)鍵的一個 信息詞。尾段最后一句意為“十八世紀英國對那些有用和瑣碎商品及服務(wù)的不斷的需求預(yù)示了我們目 前的這個世界的特征：意思就是兩個時期的讀者對各種物質(zhì)和服務(wù)都有強烈的需求,故本題答案為D。TEXTCSaudi Arabia, the oil industry's swing producer, has become its flip-flopper. In February,

46、 it persuaded OPEC to cut its total production quotas by Im barrels per day (bpd), to 23.5m, as a precaution against an oil-price crash this spring. That fear has since been replaced by its opposite. The price of West Texas crude hit $40 last week, its highest since the eve of the first Iraq war, pr

47、ompting concerns that higher oil prices could sap the vigour of America's recovery and compound the frailty of Europe's On Mon day May 10th, Ali al-Naimi, Saudi Arabia's en ergy min ister, called on OPEC to raise quotas, by at least 1.5m bpd, at its next meeting on June 3rdThus far, the

48、high oil price has been largely a consequence of good things, such as a strengthening world economy, rather than a cause of bad things, such as faster inflation or slower growth. China's burgeoning economy guzzled about 6m bpd in the first quarter of this year, 15% more than a year ago, accordi

49、ng to Goldma n Sachs Dema nd was also strong in the rest of Asia, excl u di ng Japan, growi ng by 5.2% to 8.1 m bpd. As the year progresses, the seasonal rhythms of America's drivers will dictate prices, at least of the lighter, sweeter crudes. America ns take to the roads en masse in the summer

50、, and speculators are drivi ng up the oil price now in anti cipatio n of peak dema nd in a few mon ths* time Until recently, the rise in the dollar price of oil was offset outside America and China by the fall in the dollar itself But the currency has regained some ground in recent weeks, and the oi

51、l price has continued to rise Even so, talk of another oil-price shock is premature The price of oil, adjusted for in flation, is only half what it was in December 1979, and the Un ited States now uses half as much energy per dollar of output as it did in the early 1970s. But if oil cannot shock the

52、 world economy quite as it used to, it can still give it Ha good kick11, warns Goldman Sachs. If average oil prices for the year come in 10% higher than it forecast, it reckons GDP growth in the Group of Seven (G7) rich nations will be reduced by 0.3%, or $70 billion.The America ns are certai nly ta

53、king the issue seriously J ohn Snow, their treasury secretary, called OPEC's February decision 'regrettable： and the rise in prices since then "not helpful". Washington pays close heed to the man at the petrol pump, who has seen the average price of a gallon of unleaded petrol rise

54、 by 39 cents in the past year. And the Saudis, some mutter, pay close heed to Washingt on.Besides, the high oil price may have filled Saudi coffers, but it has also affr on ted Saudi pride. Mr Ali al-Naimi thinks the high price is due to fears that supply might he disrupted in the future These fears

55、, he says, are "unwarrantecT But the hulking machinery in the Arabian desert that keeps oil flowing round the world prese nts an inviting target to terrorists should they tire of bom bing embassies and nightclubs. On May 1st, gunmen killed six people in a Saudi office of ABB Lummus Global, an A

56、merica n oil con tractor. Such incidents add to the risk premium factored into the oil price, a premium that the Saudis take as a vote of no con fide nee in their kingdom and its ability to guarantee the supply of oil in the face of terrorist threats.l What does the author mean by "Saudi Arabia

57、 has become its flip-flopper" (Para.l)?A. Saudi Arabia objected to the fall in the oil price.B. Saudi Arabia wished to reduce the oil product!on.C. Saudi Arabia was concerned about the world economy.D. Saudi Arabia reversed its earlier decision.答案：D解答推理判斷題A對 B錯。首段首句是主題句。通讀全段可知，沙特阿拉伯在二月份向歐佩克 要求將

58、石油生產(chǎn)定額降低，而在五月份又要求増加石油生產(chǎn)定額，因而沙特政府推翻了早先的決定, 故D為答案。2. Which of the following does NOT contribute to the high oil price?A. The reduced oil production of Saudi ArabiaB. The rapid growth of China's economy.C. The seasonal dema nd of America n drivers for oil.Speculators* activities of bidding up the o

59、il price.答案：A解劄 事實細節(jié)題由題干的contribute to（促成）將答案鎖定在第二段，該段第一句的a consequence of（由于；作為的結(jié)果）提示該段分析了高油價的原因。后三個選項皆能在此段找到對應(yīng)的出處，故 排除。A有很大的干擾性，但文中并沒有明確指出“沙特阿拉伯降低石油產(chǎn)出”導(dǎo)致了石油價格的上漲， 故A為答案。3 According to Goldman Sachs, the rise of oil priceAis largely offset by the fall of U.S currency.B. will inevitably trigger another oil-price shock.C. could affect world economy negativelyD. is eno ugh for America ns to take it seriously 答案：c解答推理判斷題A對 B錯。Goldman Sachs在文中第二段和第三段出現(xiàn)過，第二段涉及高盛有關(guān) 中國對石油需求的看法，第三段提到高盛談到高油價對世界經(jīng)濟的影響：能給世界經(jīng)濟一個觸動。再 結(jié)合接下來一句提到的高油價可能會讓七國集團的國民生產(chǎn)總值