(中英雙語)商務(wù)部召開2015例行新聞發(fā)布會

1、商務(wù)部召開2015例行新聞發(fā)布會Regular Press Conference of Ministry of Commerce各位記者，大家新年好。今年第一次例行發(fā)布會在這里給大家發(fā)布，很高興再次和大家見面。通報一些情況，并且回答大家的問題，今年這次發(fā)布會，因為是全年年度的盤點，所以通報的是全年的情況。Dear Friends from the Media, Happy New Year. Im glad to see you here at the first regular press conference of 2015. I would like to brief you on so

2、me information and answer your questions. The conference today is about the review of the whole year of 2014.一、 關(guān)于國內(nèi)市場運行情況2014年國內(nèi)消費市場運行總體平穩(wěn)，全年實現(xiàn)社會消費品零售總額26.2萬億元，同比增長12.0%，扣除價格因素，實際增長10.9%，比上年同期分別放緩1.1個和0.6個百分點。據(jù)商務(wù)部監(jiān)測，1-12月5000家重點零售企業(yè)銷售額增長6.3%，較上年回落2.6個百分點。全年最終消費對GDP增長的貢獻率達到51.2%，比上年提高3個百分點，成為拉動經(jīng)濟增長的

3、主引擎。消費市場主要特點： I. Performance of Domestic MarketIn 2014, the domestic consumer market remained steady, and the retail sales of consumer goods in the whole 2014 reached 26.2 trillion yuan, up 12.0% year on year, and 10.9% with price factors excluded, 1.1 and 0.6 percentage points slower than that of 2

4、013 respectively. According to the monitoring of the Ministry of Commerce, the sales of 5,000 major retail enterprises in January-December were up 6.3%, 2.6 percentage points slower than that of 2013. The final consumption of the whole year contributed 51.2% to GDP growth, 3 percentage points higher

5、 than that of 2013, becoming the main engine driving economic growth. Following are the main characteristics of the consumer market.一是網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售保持高速增長。據(jù)國家統(tǒng)計局統(tǒng)計，全年網(wǎng)上零售額同比增長49.7%，達到2.8萬億元。根據(jù)商務(wù)部電子商務(wù)司測算，2014年電子商務(wù)交易額（包括B2B和網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售）將達到約13萬億元，同比增長25%。（具體數(shù)據(jù)請參考2015年5月發(fā)布的電子商務(wù)白皮書）商務(wù)部監(jiān)測的5000家重點零售企業(yè)中，網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售增長33.2%，比上年加快1.3

6、個百分點。專業(yè)店、超市和百貨店分別增長5.8%、5.5%和4.1%，比上年分別回落1.7、2.8和6.2個百分點；購物中心雖增長7.7%，但也比上年放緩4.5個百分點。 1. Online retail kept a rapid growth. According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, the online retail sales of 2014 were up 48.7% year on year, reaching 2.8 trillion yuan. According to the calcul

7、ation of the Department of Electronic Commerce and Information of the Ministry of Commerce, the volume of business transaction in 2014 (including B2B and online retail) would reach about 13 trillion yuan, up 25% year on year. (Detailed data in the White Paper of Electronic Commerce which will be iss

8、ued in May,2015). Among the 5000 major retail enterprises monitored by the Ministry of Commerce, online retail was up 33.2%, 1.3 percentage points higher than that of 2013, and that of special stores, supermarkets and department stores were up 5.8%, 5.5% and 4.1% respectively, 1.7, 2.8 and 6.2 perce

9、ntage points slower than that of 2013; that of shopping malls were up 7.7%, but 4.5 percentage points slower than that of 2013.二是通訊類、文體類商品增長加快。4G通訊快速普及，激發(fā)手機更新?lián)Q代需求，限額以上單位全年通訊器材銷售額同比增長32.7%，比上年加快12.3個百分點。商務(wù)部監(jiān)測的5000家重點零售企業(yè)中，文化辦公、體育娛樂用品銷售額分別增長5%和4.7%，比上年分別加快6.3和5.6個百分點。 2. Growth of communication and cu

10、lture and sports products sped up. The rapid popularization of 4G communication stimulated the demands for upgrading of cell phones. In 2014, sales of communication equipment of units above the designated size were up 32.7% year on year, 12.3 percentage points higher than that of 2013. Among the 5,0

11、00 major retail enterprises monitored by the Ministry of Commerce, sales of cultural and office products and sports and recreation products were up 5% and 4.7% respectively, 6.3 and 5.6 percentage points higher than that of 2013.三是汽車消費保持平穩(wěn)增長。據(jù)中國汽車工業(yè)協(xié)會統(tǒng)計，2014年乘用車銷售量達1970萬輛，同比增長9.9%，較上年放緩5.8個百分點。新能源汽車

12、市場良好，全年銷售約7.5萬輛，增長3.2倍。中國品牌乘用車銷量增長4.1%，增幅比上年回落7.3個百分點，市場份額較上年下降2.1個百分點。中國汽車流通協(xié)會數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2014年前11個月二手車交易545萬輛，增長16.7%。 3. Automobile consumption maintained a steady growth. According to the China Automotive Industry Association, sales of passenger vehicles in 2014 reached 19.7 million, up 9.9% year on ye

13、ar, 5.8 percentage points slower than that of 2013. The market of new energy cars enjoyed a good trend, with the sales of 75,000 in the whole year, up 3.2 times. Sales of passenger cars of Chinese brands were up 4.1%, 7.3 percentage points slower than that of 2013, and 2.1 percentage points slower i

14、n terms of market share. According to the statistics of the China Automobile Dealers Association, transaction of second-hand cars in the first 11 months of 2014 reached 5.45 million, up 16.7%.四是大眾化及服務(wù)類消費升溫。大眾化餐飲不斷升溫。全年餐飲收入增長9.7%，其中，限額以下企業(yè)增長13.2%，高出限上企業(yè)11個百分點。文化旅游需求旺盛，全年電影總票房296.4億元，增長約36.2%；全年旅游總收入約

15、3.25萬億元，增長11%，出境旅游首次突破1億人次。 4. Mass consumption and service consumption heated up. Mass catering continuously heated up. The revenues of catering in the whole 2014 were up 9,7%, among which, that of enterprises under the designated size up 13.2%, 11 percentage points higher than that of enterprises

16、above the designated size. Cultural tourism was in great demand, and the film box office of the whole year reached 29.64 billion yuan, up about 36.2%; the whole revenues of tourism were about 3.25 trillion yuan, up 11%, and the number of outbound travelers surpassed 100 million for the first time.五是

17、消費價格基本平穩(wěn)。2014年全國居民消費價格總水平上漲2%，比上年同期回落0.6個百分點，其中12月份上漲1.5%。據(jù)商務(wù)部監(jiān)測，36個大中城市食用農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格全年上漲0.7%，其中，12月下降0.1%，已連續(xù)4個月負增長，降幅較上月收窄1.8個百分點，豬肉、羊肉、菜籽油價格同比分別下降10%、4.2%和2.9%，雞蛋、食鹽、水果分別上漲11.4%、8.7%和8.1%。 5. Consumer prices remained steady. CPI in 2014 was up 2%, 0.6 percentage points slower than that of the same peri

18、od of 2013, and that of December was up 1.5%. According to the monitoring by the Ministry of Commerce, in 36 large and medium-sized cities, prices of agro-foodstuff went up 0.7% in the whole year, among which, that of December was down 0.1%, witnessing negative growth for four consecutive months, an

19、d 1.8 percentage points slower than that of November. Prices of pork, mutton and rapeseed oil were down 10%, 4.2% and 2.9% respectively, and those of egg, salt and fruit were up 11.4%, 8.7% and 8.1% respectively.六是市場秩序進一步規(guī)范，消費環(huán)境逐步改善。2014年，商務(wù)部通過電視購物專項整治，查處違法電視購物廣告691件、違法網(wǎng)站265個，關(guān)停16家非法購物頻道。違法違規(guī)電視購物廣告數(shù)

20、量下降了83.9%。建設(shè)肉菜、中藥材流通追溯體系，實現(xiàn)每天對3萬多噸300余種產(chǎn)品的信息化可追溯管理，受益人口超過4億，強化了市場管理，提振了消費信心。 6. Market order was further standardized and the consumption environment was gradually optimized. In 2014, through the special campaign to rectify TV shopping, the Ministry of Commerce investigated and dealt with 691 cases

21、and 265 websites that violated laws and rules, and closed 16 illegal shopping channels. The number of TV shopping advertisements violating laws and rules was down 83.9%. The Ministry of Commerce constructed the circulation traceability system of meat, vegetable and traditional Chinese medicinal mate

22、rials, realizing the information traceability management of 30,000 tons of products in 300 varieties and benefiting more than 400 million people, which strengthened market management and boosted consumption confidence.二、 關(guān)于對外貿(mào)易情況據(jù)海關(guān)統(tǒng)計，2014年，我國進出口總值26.43萬億元人民幣，同比增長2.3%，其中出口14.39萬億元，增長4.9%，進口12.04萬億元，

23、下降0.6%，貿(mào)易順差2.35萬億元，擴大45.9%。按美元計，2014年我國進出口總值4.30萬億美元，同比增長3.4%，其中出口2.34萬億美元，同比增長6.1%,進口1.96萬億美元，同比增長0.4%。貿(mào)易順差3824.6億美元，同比擴大47.3%。在剔除2013年套利貿(mào)易墊高基數(shù)因素后，全國進出口同比實際增長6.1%，出口增長8.7%，進口增長3.3%。2014年全年進出口運行情況主要有以下特點： II. Foreign TradeAccording to Customs figures, Chinas total import and export in 2014 reached 2

24、6.43 trillion yuan, up 2.3% year on year. Export was 14.39 trillion yuan, up 4.9%, and import 12.04 trillion yuan, down 0.6%. Trade surplus was 2.35 trillion yuan, up 45.9%. In terms of the U.S. dollar, the total import and export of 2014 reached US$ 4.30 trillion, up 3.4% year on year, among which,

25、 export was US$ 2.34 trillion, up 6.1%, and import US$ 1.96 trillion, up 0.4%. Trade surplus was US$ 382.46 billion , up 47.3% year on year. Excluding the factor that the cardinal number was bolstered by interest arbitrage in 2013, import and export enjoyed a real growth of 6.1%, among which, export

26、 up 8.7% and import up 3.3%. The main characteristics of import and export in 2014 are as follows:一是第一貨物貿(mào)易大國地位鞏固。從全球范圍看，2014年全球貿(mào)易預(yù)計僅增長2%左右。1-11月美國進出口增長3%，歐盟和日本分別下降0.5%和2.5%。而我國外貿(mào)增速明顯高于全球的平均增速，第一貨物貿(mào)易大國地位進一步鞏固。預(yù)計全年我國出口占全球份額達12.2%左右，較2013年提高0.5個百分點。 1. Chinas status as the largest goods trader was cons

27、olidated. Internationally, the global trade in 2014 increased only about 2%. In January-November, the EU and Japan decreased 0.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The growth of Chinas foreign trade was obviously higher than the average growth of the world, further consolidating the status as the largest good

28、s trader. It is estimated that Chinas export accounted for 12.2% of the whole world in 2014, 0.5 percentage points higher than that of 2013.二是外貿(mào)對經(jīng)濟增長貢獻突出。在國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟下行壓力加大的情況下，外貿(mào)對經(jīng)濟增長起到了重要的支撐作用。按支出法核算，2014年前三季度，貨物和服務(wù)凈出口對國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長的貢獻率達10.2%，預(yù)計全年貢獻率將在10.5%左右，創(chuàng)2008年以來最高水平。 2. Foreign trade contributed a lot t

29、o the economic growth. With the increasing pressure of downward domestic economy, foreign trade played an important supporting role to the economic growth. Calculating according to the expenditure approach, in the first three quarters of 2014, net export of goods and services contributed 10.2% to th

30、e growth of GDP, and the contribution of the whole year was estimated to reach 10.5%, the highest since 2008.三是一般貿(mào)易占比持續(xù)上升。全年一般貿(mào)易進出口2.31萬億美元，增長5.3%，占全國進出口總額的53.8%，較2013年提高1個百分點，比重連續(xù)兩年提高。加工貿(mào)易進出口1.41萬億美元，增長3.8%，增速較2013年加快2.7個百分點。 3. The proportion of general trade continued to increase. The import and

31、export of general trade of the whole year reached US$ 2.31 trillion, up 5.3%, accounting for 53.8% of the national total, 1 percentage point higher than that of 2013, increasing for two consecutive years. Import and export of processing trade reached US$ 1.41 trillion, up 3.8%, 2.7 percentage points

32、 higher than that of 2013.四是貿(mào)易伙伴更趨多元。開拓新興市場取得新成效，全年我國與發(fā)展中國家進出口比重較2013年提高0.4個百分點，其中，對東盟、印度、俄羅斯、非洲、中東歐國家等進出口增速均快于整體增速。實施自貿(mào)區(qū)戰(zhàn)略效果明顯，不含港澳臺地區(qū)的其他17個自貿(mào)伙伴在我國出口總額的占比較2013年上升0.6個百分點。對發(fā)達國家市場保持穩(wěn)定增長，全年對歐盟和美國進出口分別增長9.9%和6.6%。 4. Trade partners were more diversified. We have gained new achievements in exploiting em

33、erging markets. The proportion of import and export with developing countries in 2014 increased 0.4 percentage points, among which the growth of import and export with ASEAN, India, Russia, Africa and central and eastern European countries were all above the overall growth. The FTA strategy gained o

34、bvious effect, the proportion of 17 FTA partners excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in Chinas total import and export increased 0.6 percentage points than that of 2013. Trade with developed countries maintained a steady growth, and the import and export with the EU and the U.S. increased 9.9% and

35、 6.6% respectively.五是商品結(jié)構(gòu)繼續(xù)優(yōu)化。工業(yè)制成品占出口總額的95.2%，較2013年提高0.1個百分點，占比連續(xù)三年提高。裝備制造業(yè)成為出口的重要增長點，鐵路機車、通信設(shè)備出口增速均超過10%。七大類勞動密集型產(chǎn)品出口4851億美元，增長5%。生物技術(shù)產(chǎn)品、航空航天技術(shù)產(chǎn)品、計算機集成制造技術(shù)產(chǎn)品等高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品進口增速均在15%以上。消費品進口1524億美元，增長15.3%，占進口總額的7.8%，較2013年提高1個百分點。 5. The commodity structure continued to be optimized. Export of manufactur

36、ed goods accounted for 95.2% of the total export, 0.1 percentage points higher than that of 2013, increasing for three consecutive years. The equipment manufacturing industry has become an important growth point of export, and the export of both railway locomotives and communication devices increase

37、d over 10%. The export of seven kinds of labor intensive products reached US$ 485.1 billion, up 5%. Exports of high-tech products including biotechnology products, aerospace engineering products and computer integrated manufacturing goods were all above 15%. The import of consumer goods was US$ 152.

38、4 billion, up 15.3%, accounting for 7.8% of the national total, 1 percentage point higher than that of 2013.六是中西部地區(qū)對增量貢獻首次過半。中西部地區(qū)進出口保持較快增長，其中，中部地區(qū)進出口3127億美元，西部地區(qū)進出口3344億美元，分別增長10%和20.5%，中西部地區(qū)合計對整體進出口增量貢獻60.3%，貢獻率首次超過東部。東部地區(qū)進出口3.66萬億美元，增長1.6%，占全國進出口總額的85%，較2013年下降1.5個百分點。 6. Contributions of central

39、 and western China to the growth were above 50% for the first time. The import and export of central and western regions maintained a rapid growth, among which, the import and export of the central region reached US$ 312.7 billion, and the western region US$ 334.4 billion, up 10% and 20.5% respectiv

40、ely, all contributing 60.3% to the total export growth, and exceeding the eastern region for the first time. The import and export of the eastern region reached US$ 3.66 trillion, up 1.6%, accounting for 85% of the national total, 1.5 percentage points slower than that of 2013.七是貿(mào)易條件明顯改善。在國內(nèi)工業(yè)品和國際大宗

41、商品價格普遍下跌的情況下，全年進口商品價格指數(shù)下降3.3%，而出口商品價格指數(shù)僅下降0.7%，貿(mào)易條件連續(xù)第三年改善。重要能源資源產(chǎn)品進口價格走低，節(jié)約了大量外匯支出，僅原油、鐵礦砂、銅礦砂、銅材、橡膠、化肥、大豆和谷物8種商品就少支出約485億美元。 7. Trade conditions obviously improved. Under the situation that prices of domestic industrial products and international staple commodities all slumped, the import commodit

42、y price index of the whole year was down 3.3%, while the export commodity price index only decreased 0.7%. Trade conditions were optimized for three consecutive years. Import prices of important energy resources products declined, which saved a great amount of foreign exchange expenditures. Expenses

43、 on crude oil, iron ore, copper ore, copper products, rubber, chemical fertilizers, soybean and grain were reduced US$ 48.5 billion.八是民營企業(yè)成為穩(wěn)增長的主力軍。全年有進出口實績的民營企業(yè)占外貿(mào)企業(yè)總數(shù)的比重超過70%，較2013年提高1.6個百分點。民營企業(yè)進出口1.57萬億美元，增長5.3%，占全國進出口總額的36.5%，較2013年提高0.6個百分點，對整體進出口增量貢獻55.9%。國有企業(yè)進出口7475億美元，下降0.2%，連續(xù)三年負增長。外資企業(yè)進出口

44、1.98萬億美元，增長3.4%。 (2015-01-21 10:21:40)8. Private enterprises have become the main force of stabilizing growth. In 2014, private enterprises that have actual performance on import and export accounted for 70% of the total number of foreign trade enterprises, 1.6 percentage points higher than that of

45、2013. The import and export of private enterprises reached US$ 1.57 trillion, up 5.3%, accounting for 36.5% of the total import and import, 0.6 percentage points higher than that of 2013 and contributing 55.9% to the total growth of import and export. The import and export of state-owned enterprises

46、 reached US$ 747.5 billion, down 0.2%, seeing a negative growth for three consecutive years. The import and export of foreign-invested enterprises reached US$ 1.98 trillion, up 3.4%.三、 關(guān)于吸收外資情況2014年全年，外商投資新設(shè)立企業(yè)23778家，同比增長4.4%；實際使用外資金額7363.7億元人民幣。按美元計，實際使用外資金額1195.6億美元，同比增長1.7%（未含銀行、證券、保險領(lǐng)域數(shù)據(jù)，下同）。12月

47、當月，外商投資新設(shè)立企業(yè)2482家，同比增長6.1%；實際使用外資金額818.7億元人民幣，按美元計，實際使用外資金額133.2億美元，同比增長10.3%。全年吸收外資有以下特點： III. Foreign Investment in ChinaIn 2014, a total of 23,778 foreign-funded enterprises were approved, up 4.4% year on year, with actually utilized FDI of 736.37 billion yuan. In terms of US dollar, the actually

48、 utilized FDI reached US$119.56 billion, up 1.7% year on year (excluding data of banking, securities and insurance). In December, a total of 2,482 foreign-funded enterprises were approved, up 6.1% year on year with actually utilized FDI of 81.87 billion yuan. In terms of US dollar, the actually util

49、ized FDI reached US$13.32 billion, up 10.3% year on year. The main characteristics of foreign investment in 2014 are as follows:一是利用外資規(guī)模穩(wěn)中有進。2014年實際使用外資1195.6億美元，同比增長1.7%，高于美國、歐盟、俄羅斯、巴西等主要經(jīng)濟體，連續(xù)23年保持發(fā)展中國家首位。 1. The scale of the utilization of FDI was steadily improved. In 2014, the actually utilized

50、 FDI reached US$119.56 billion, up 1.7% year on year, higher than that of major economies like the U.S., the EU, Russia and Brazil, taking the lead among the developing countries for 23 consecutive years.二是主要國家/地區(qū)對華投資總體保持穩(wěn)定。2014年實際投入外資金額排名前十位的國家/地區(qū)（香港、新加坡、臺灣省、日本、韓國、美國、德國、英國、法國、荷蘭）合計投入1125.9億美元，占全國實際

51、使用外資金額的94.2%，同比增長2.7%。其中，韓國和英國對華投資增長較快，實際投入金額分別為39.7億美元和13.5億美元，同比增長29.8%和28%。內(nèi)地與香港經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系更加緊密。2014年香港對內(nèi)地投資額占內(nèi)地吸收外資總額的68%，高出歷年累計比重18.7個百分點。 2.Investment from major countries and regions maintained steady growth. In 2014, the actual FDI in the Chinese mainland from the top 10 investors (Hong Kong, Singa

52、pore, Taiwan, Japan, the ROK, the U.S., Germany, the UK, France and the Netherlands) amounted to US$ 112.59 billion, accounting for 94.2% of the total, up 2.7% year on year. Among others, the investment from the ROK and the the UK was US$ 3.97 billion and US$ 1.35 billion respectively, up 29.8% and

53、28% year on year respectively. The mainland has sustained closer economic relations with Hong Kong. Investment from Hong Kong took up 68% of the Mainlands total absorption of FDI, 18.7 percentage points higher than that of the combined investment over the years.三是結(jié)構(gòu)進一步優(yōu)化。服務(wù)業(yè)吸收外資占比上升，達到55.4%，高出制造業(yè)22個

54、百分點，達662.3億美元，成為吸收外資新增長點。資金密集度進一步提升。2014年新設(shè)企業(yè)平均合同外資金額812萬美元，比2013年（713萬美元）提高13.9%。外資區(qū)域布局日趨合理。在外向型產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的帶動下，中部地區(qū)吸收外資增長7.5%，實際使用外資金額占比升至9.1%。中西部地區(qū)實際使用外資占比為18.1%，比2013年提高了0.5個百分點。 3.The structure was further optimized. Utilized FDI in the service sector took a higher percentage of 55.4% with US$66.23 bi

55、llion, 22 percentage points higher than that of the manufacturing industry, being a new growth point of attracting FDI. The capital density was further improved. In 2014, the average contract value of foreign capital of the newly-established enterprises amounted to US$8.12 million, 13.9% higher than

56、 that of 2013 (US$7.13 million). The regional layout of foreign capital grew to be reasonable. Driven by export-oriented industries, the absorption of FDI in central China increased by 7.5% and actually utilized FDI in central China rose to 9.1% . The actually utilized FDI in central and western Chi

57、na accounted for 18.1%, 0.5 percentage points higher than that of 2013.四是各項改革取得明顯成效。注冊資本登記制度改革促進外商投資企業(yè)在內(nèi)的市場主體數(shù)量顯著增長。2014年新設(shè)外商投資企業(yè)2.38萬家，同比增長4.4%，扭轉(zhuǎn)了自2012年以來連續(xù)兩年下降的局面。自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)試點取得重大階段性成果。大力推進上海自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)建設(shè)，建立了“準入前國民待遇加負面清單管理”外資管理模式，提高了投資便利化水平，極大激發(fā)市場投資熱情。2014年上海自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)合同外資金額約占上海市的三成，金融、文化等自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)擴大開放措施引領(lǐng)上海市引資快速增長

58、，服務(wù)業(yè)利用外資占比超過九成。 4. Remarkable achievements made in reforms. Reforms on the registration of registered capital system have promoted a remarkable increase of the number of market players including foreign-funded enterprises. In 2014, 23,800 newly-established foreign-funded enterprises were approved, u

59、p 4.4% year on year, reversing the situation of two consecutive years decline since 2012. Major phased fruits have been made in FTA pilots. Great efforts have been made to enhance the construction of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone and establish a model of “pre-access national treatment together with a negative list”, improving the trade facilitation level and greatly mo