高中英語必修一unit4黑體單詞及短語講解

1、Unit 4Words and Expressions1.right away 立刻；馬上立刻；馬上例句：警察馬上就要來了。例句：警察馬上就要來了。 The police will be here right away. at once 立刻；馬上立刻；馬上 right now 現(xiàn)在；立刻現(xiàn)在；立刻 immediately adv. 立刻；馬上立刻；馬上2. burst vi. (burst-burst-burst) 爆裂；爆發(fā)爆裂；爆發(fā)burst in/into a door/ room /building 突然進(jìn)入門突然進(jìn)入門/房間房間/大樓大樓 他沒有敲門就突然進(jìn)入房間他沒有敲門就突然進(jìn)

2、入房間.He burst into the room without knocking at the door.burst into sth. = burst out doing 突然突然起來起來 The plane crashed and burst into flames. 飛機(jī)墜毀起火了飛機(jī)墜毀起火了.All of them burst out laughing/crying /singing. 他們?nèi)纪蝗恍ζ饋硭麄內(nèi)纪蝗恍ζ饋?哭起來哭起來/唱起來唱起來.=All of them burst into laughter/tears/songs.burst out +v-ing :s

3、uddenly begin doing sth擴(kuò)展擴(kuò)展: burst into leafburs into flower長出葉子長出葉子開花開花n. a burst of .一陣一陣. a burst of laughter /thunder /applause(歡呼）歡呼） It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。世界似乎到了末日。3. as if = as though 好像好像 She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我說話的神情，好像她早就認(rèn)識(shí)我她和我說話的神情，好像她早就認(rèn)識(shí)我 似的。似的。

4、 1)虛擬語氣（說話者主觀想象或夸大的比喻）虛擬語氣（說話者主觀想象或夸大的比喻） 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過去式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過去式 與過去事實(shí)相反，從句要用完成式與過去事實(shí)相反，從句要用完成式 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken 當(dāng)鉛筆一部分放進(jìn)水里，看起來好像折斷了似的。當(dāng)鉛筆一部分放進(jìn)水里，看起來好像折斷了似的。as if 后的從句可用兩種語氣后的從句可用兩種語氣2)陳述語氣陳述語氣,時(shí)態(tài)一致時(shí)態(tài)一致It looks as if its going to ra

5、in 看樣子天要下雨了?？礃幼犹煲掠炅?。(陳述語氣陳述語氣)（是事實(shí)或可能性很大）（是事實(shí)或可能性很大） 他嚇得直打哆嗦，就好像看見了鬼一樣。他嚇得直打哆嗦，就好像看見了鬼一樣。 He was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost. 4. at an end= finished 結(jié)束，終結(jié)（作表語）結(jié)束，終結(jié)（作表語） We were very happy when the work was at an end.Compare: at the end of by the end of in the endat the end of “在在

6、盡頭；在盡頭；在末末” by the end of “到到/截止截止末末”；主句一般用完成時(shí)主句一般用完成時(shí)in the end 意思意思“最后、終于最后、終于”= at last/ finally Wash your hands _ the experiment. How many English words had you learned _ last term? He tried various jobs and _ became a teacher.at the end ofby the end ofin the endbring/put an end to 使終止使終止come to

7、 an end 結(jié)束結(jié)束end up with 以以.而告終而告終其他詞組：其他詞組： The job came to an end last month. 她的忽然來到使他們的會(huì)議終止了。她的忽然來到使他們的會(huì)議終止了。 Her sudden arrival put an end to their meeting. 在宴會(huì)上，開始的一道菜通常是湯，最后的一道在宴會(huì)上，開始的一道菜通常是湯，最后的一道是水果。是水果。 At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit. ruin n. 廢墟；毀滅廢墟；毀滅 例句：我們看

8、到了那座教堂的廢墟。例句：我們看到了那座教堂的廢墟。 We saw the ruins of the church. Vt. 毀滅；使破壞毀滅；使破壞 暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了莊稼。暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了莊稼。 The storm ruined the crops.in ruins 荒蕪的荒蕪的,成為廢墟成為廢墟 一般用作表語或狀語一般用作表語或狀語lie/be in ruins 成為廢墟成為廢墟An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His career is in ruins .6. injure vt. 損害；傷害損害；傷害 他打籃球時(shí)膝蓋受傷了。他打籃球時(shí)膝蓋受

9、傷了。 He injured his knee when ( he was) playing basketball. 撞車事故中有三人死亡，五人受傷。撞車事故中有三人死亡，五人受傷。 Three people were killed and five injured in the crash. injury n. 損害；傷害損害；傷害 injured adj. 受傷的受傷的7. destroy vt. 破壞；毀壞；消滅破壞；毀壞；消滅 這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)毀壞了整個(gè)森林。這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)毀壞了整個(gè)森林。 The fire destroyed the whole forest. 他所有的希望都破滅了。他所有的希望都

10、破滅了。 All his hopes were destroyed. The storm _ buildings and crops. （毀滅）（毀滅） destroyed8 .shock n. 休克；震驚；打擊休克；震驚；打擊 例句：他的突然去世對(duì)他的家庭來說是個(gè)沉重例句：他的突然去世對(duì)他的家庭來說是個(gè)沉重的打擊。的打擊。His sudden death was a great shock to his family. vt. 使震驚使震驚 使震動(dòng)使震動(dòng)be shocked at 對(duì)對(duì)感到震驚感到震驚 People _ (shock). 我們對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到震驚。我們對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到震驚。wer

11、e shockedWe _ the news.were shocked at The news is _(shock)shocking 表示情感的動(dòng)詞表示情感的動(dòng)詞 excite, surprise, interest, bore, move, shock, disappoint, satisfy,(驚訝，興趣，乏味，感動(dòng)，驚訝，興趣，乏味，感動(dòng)， 失望失望 ，滿意），滿意）變?yōu)樾稳菰~時(shí)可加變?yōu)樾稳菰~時(shí)可加ing(指物）或加指物）或加ed (指人）指人）9. rescue n. 搭救；解救搭救；解救;營救營救The rescue team reached the mines at once a

12、fter the accident happened.v. 解救；救出；營救解救；救出；營救He rescued the man from drowning.rescue workers = rescuers e / go to ones rescue來援救某人來援救某人We _ （來救他）（來救他）and pulled him out of the lake.came to his rescue10. trap Vt. 使陷入困境；使陷入圈套使陷入困境；使陷入圈套 be trapped in 被困于被困于例句：他們被困于著火的樓里。例句：他們被困于著火的樓里。 They are trappe

13、d in the burning building. trap sb. into （doing） sth. 誘使某人做某事誘使某人做某事例句：警察設(shè)圈套使他招供。例句：警察設(shè)圈套使他招供。 The police trapped him into a confession .n. 圈套圈套 設(shè)圈套，設(shè)陷阱設(shè)圈套，設(shè)陷阱 set a trap The hunter set a trap to catch foxes.11.dig out 掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn) 他們挖出了一個(gè)舊花瓶。他們挖出了一個(gè)舊花瓶。 They dug out an old vase. 我設(shè)法探出真相。我設(shè)法探出真相。 I tried to dig out the truth.dig into 挖掘挖掘dig up 找出；查明找出；查明8. buryvt. 埋葬埋葬; 葬葬 The boy buried the dead bird in the backyard. 男男孩們把死鳥埋在后院。孩們把死鳥埋在后院。vt. 使沉浸（或?qū)Ｐ挠冢┦钩两ɑ驅(qū)Ｐ挠冢?be buried in= bury oneself in埋頭于埋頭于; 專心于專心于 be buried in thought 沉思沉思 bury oneself in study 埋頭研究；專心學(xué)習(xí)埋頭研究；專心學(xué)習(xí)22.表示