Theuseof“it”

1、 The use of “it”1. It is Friday today. （ date ）2. It was very cold last Monday. （weather）3. It is about 8:30 now. （ time ）4. It is about 25km from Longxian to Bazi. （ distance ）5. It lies in the south of Shaoguan city. （ place ）6. It is 40°C ! You got a high fever! （ temperature ）7. It's sp

2、ring now. (season )8. It's quiet here. ( Circumstance)一、Conclusion: it 可以用作非人稱代詞, 表示 日期, 天氣 , 時(shí)間 , 距離, 地點(diǎn), 溫度等二、 用作人稱代詞, 代表前面提到的人或事物 Whos it ? It's me. Look at the picture. It is a picture of our school.3、 用于代替指示代詞this 和that。 -Is this jacket yours? -Yes, it is. "it" 常用句型大歸納1. It is

3、 + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語，賓語或狀語。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語如果是人，that可以由who換用。把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，留下的應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整的句子，這是判斷該句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型還是其它從句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the stre

4、et that I met her father. When is it that we shall meet?2. It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 直到才該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語，可以說是 not . until . 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a fa

5、mous film star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3. It is clear (obvious,evident, true, possible,probable, likely,certain，amazing,ridiculous.) that . 是清楚（顯然，確切，可能，肯定，令人驚愕,荒謬）的該句型中it 是形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導(dǎo)的從句，是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。 It is very clear that hes round

6、and tall like a tree.= That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.Is it possible that he will become the chairman of our country?It is amazing that at his age he still looks like a young man!4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural，essential, vital.) that .該句型和3屬一個(gè)句型。that 后的從句中

7、常用虛擬語氣should + 動(dòng)詞原形（should 可省去）。It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/considered/known/told/hoped.) that . 據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉，認(rèn)為，眾所周知，據(jù)告知，人們希望）該句型中的it 仍是形式主語，真正主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句。It is said th

8、at he has come to Beijing.= He is said to have come to Beijing . It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.6. It is suggested ( ordered . ) that . 據(jù)建議；有命令該句型同屬上5 。主句中的過去分詞表示要求，建議，命令等意，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣should + 動(dòng)詞原形（should 可省去）。It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put

9、 off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame ,strange , a surprise,surprising. ) that . 竟然該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣should + 動(dòng)詞原形（should可省去）,表示出乎意料。沒有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！ It is a pit

10、y that he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！ 8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that . 是（正是）的時(shí)侯了該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是 常用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬 有時(shí)也用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should 不能省。It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second . ) time that . 是第一（二）次該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來

11、。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，后面從句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；it有時(shí)用 this 替換。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here.It / This was the first time that I had written with passion . 10. It is . since .該句型主要用作處

12、理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用的問題。主句中是時(shí)間作表語，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用過去完成時(shí)。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. / It was five years since he had died .11. It is . when . 當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是該句型中的 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。It was 5 oclock when he came here. 1

13、2. It be . before . 才；就該句型主句中的 it 指時(shí)間, 主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來時(shí)或過去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語。It was quite a long time before he realized his mistake. It will not be long before he finishes his job. 13. It ( so )happens /happened that. 碰巧 It occurs / occurred to sb. that . 某人突然想到

14、. How does it come about that .? = How come (that) .? .是怎樣發(fā)生的？.是怎麼回事？該句型中it是形式主語，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的happen /occur / come about 是不及物動(dòng)詞 It ( so) happened that he met his teacher in the street. It occurred to me that I had met him somewhere before . How does it come about that you just sat there doing n

15、othing ?14. It takes sb. . to do sth. 做要花費(fèi)某人該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時(shí)間。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.It takes three generations (代) to make a gentleman. 十年樹木, 百年樹人。15. It is no use/good doing sth做沒有用/沒有好處 It's (well) worth doing 做.是值得的 It's (well) wo

16、rth one's while doing/to do It's (well) worth while doing/ to do該句型中的真正主語是動(dòng)名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use ),worth , worthwhile ,等 It is fun doing sth 做很有趣 It is no use crying over spilt (溢出的) milk. 覆水難收。 It is no good learning English without speaking Engli

17、sh. 16. It doesnt matter whether . 不論（是否）沒關(guān)系該句型中whether 引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語。 It doesnt matter whether they are old ( or not ). 17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由 of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。常見的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good （好心的）, honest , horrible ,

18、 kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教養(yǎng)的）, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong（錯(cuò)誤的）等。 這個(gè)句型可以改寫為：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.該句型同上。如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示事情的重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見的形容詞有

19、： important, necessary, natural easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。 在中的形容詞作表語可以用從句改寫， 如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party= That she (should) come to the party is imp

20、ortant. 19. It looks ( seems) as if / as though . 看起來好象It seems( looks, appears ) that. 看來；似乎.該句型中it無意義。 as if /that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表語從句。as if從句中的內(nèi)容如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語氣 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）/ It looks as if he were ill. （沒有生病） It seemed as if he were dying. / It seems that he will be back in a few days. 2

21、0. We think it important to learn a foreign language.該句型中的it 做形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為"6123結(jié)構(gòu)"。6指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1指的是形式賓語it； 2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動(dòng)名詞短語或that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it no use lea

22、rning English without speaking English. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.21. 其它常用 it 作形式賓語代替that / when / if 引導(dǎo)的從句的句型: 1) . depend on / rely on / count on it that . eg. You can depend on it that he will come . 2). see to it that . eg. We must see to it that every

23、one is well taken care of . 3). take it for granted that . eg. He took it for granted that we would help him . 4). owe it to sb. that . eg. He owed it to his parents that he had made so many achievements. 5). like / love / / hate / dislike it when . 6) . appreciate it if. eg. I'll appreciate it

24、if you help me . eg. I hate it when people talk with their mouths full . “it” 常用的固定搭配1. make it1）在口語當(dāng)中相當(dāng)于succeed, 表示: 成功、做到、說定、趕上、及時(shí)到達(dá) 如: It's hard to make it to the top in show business.2) 在口語中相當(dāng)于fix the date for, 表示“約定好時(shí)間” 如:   Shall we meet next week?OK. We just make it next Saturday.2.

25、take it/things easy 相當(dāng)于Dont worry or dont hurry. 用來勸告別人, 表示“不要慌, 別擔(dān)心, 沉住氣”Take it easy！He will do it well.3. It (all )depends/that (all) depends 在口語中, 相當(dāng)于it hasn't been decided yet, 表示“那得看情況, 還沒有定下來”Are you going to the countryside for holiday?It/That all depends.4. It's up to sb. 在口語中, 相當(dāng)于i

26、t's decided by sb. 表示“由決定, 由負(fù)責(zé), 取決于” Shall we go out for dinner？ It's up to you . 高考單選題中的“it”1. In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (2001上海) A. this B. that C. there D. it 2. The parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before

27、they can move in. (2001全國) A. they B. it C. one D. which 3. He was nearly drowned once. When was _? _ was in 1998 when he was in middle school. (2002京蒙皖春招)A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This 4. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.(2002全國) A. it what

28、 to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it 5. Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, _?(2004上海) A. isnt it B. is it? C. isnt he D. is he 6. The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”

29、(2004北京) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 7. Do you like _ here?Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004全國II) A. this B. these C. that D. it 8. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004全國I) A. this B. that C. it D. one 9. That wa

30、s really a splendid evening. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. (2005安徽)A. when B. that C. before D. since 10. It was some time _ we realized the truth. (2005山東)A. when B. until C. since D. before11. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy

31、. （2006浙江） A. As B. That C. This D. It 12. If I can help _ , I dont like working late into the night. (2006全國I) A. so B. that C. it D. them 1-5. DBACA 6-10 DDCDD 11-12 DC1. My bike is missing. I cant find _ anywhere. A. one       B. ones     

32、60;  C. it       D. that  2. - Whos that? - _ Professor Li. A. Thats       B. It's       C. He's       D. This's 3. _ was Jane that I saw in the library this

33、morning. A. It        B. He       C. She       D. That 4. - Have you ever seen a whale alive? - Yes, Ive seen _. A. that       B. it       C. suc

34、h       D. one 5. The color of my coat is different from _ of yours. A. this       B. that       C. it       D. one 6. _ will do you good to do some exercise every morning. A. It&#

35、160;      B. There       C. Those       D. You 7. We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government. A. that       B. this       C. its   &

36、#160;   D. it 8. The climate of Shanghai is better than _ of Nanjing. A. that       B. it       C. which       D. what 9. _ four years since I joined the Army. A. There was    

37、0; B. There is      C. It was      D. It is 10. How long _ to finish the work? A. youll take    B. youll take it    C. will it take you    D. will take you 11. It was through Xiao Li _ I got to know Xiao W

38、ang. A. who      B. whom      C. how      D. that 12. It was in the rice fields _ we had our league meeting. A. where      B. that      C. in which      D. on which 13. It was on October 1st _ new China was founded. A. which       B. when       C. as       D. that 14. Was it because he wa