2019屆高考英語二輪題海特訓營：(7)閱讀理解推理判斷三Word版含解析

1、-推理判斷三1、 More students than ever before are taking a gap year( 間隔年 ) before going to university. It usedto be the “ year off ” between school and university-.yTehaer pghaepnomenon originated( 起源 )with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and thestart of the

2、next academic year.This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have putoff their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by theUniversity and College Admissions Service (UCAS).That is a record 14.7% increase in the numbe

3、r of students taking a gap year. Tony Higginsfrom UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education.“ Studetake a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsibl

4、e,” he said.But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship young people are being forcedinto earning money before finishing their education.“ New students are now aware that they arelikely to leav

5、e university up to 15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students aretaking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show thatover 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% duringvacating periods,sa” id

6、.he1 .What do we learn about the gap year from the text?A.It is flexible in length.B.It is a time for relaxation.C.It is increasingly popular.D.It is required by universities.2 .According to Tony Higgins. students taking a gap year .A.are better prepared for college studiesB.know a lot more about th

7、eir future jobC.are more likely to leave university in debtD.have a better chance to enter top universities3 .How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?A.He's puzzled.B.He's worried.C.He's surprised.D.He's annoyed.4 .What would most students do on their vacation accordi

8、ng to NUS statistics?A.Attend additional courses.B.Make plans for the new term.C.Earn money for their education.D.Prepare for their graduate studies.2、 Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common SenseMedia report published Monday.While the decline over the past

9、decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many ch ildren s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the report ' s key findings, "the propOtiOnWho say they ' hardly ever ' read for fun ha

10、s gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and27 percent respectively today."The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2 8,remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has decline

11、d, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel（ 建議 ）parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, ma

12、inly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have mo

13、re books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom（ 逼近 ）ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and p

14、lan a family trip to the library or bookstore.1 .What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A.Children's reading habits.B.Quality of children's books.C.Children's after-class activities.D.Parent-child relationships.2 .Where can you find the data that best supports "childre

15、n are reading a lot less for fun"?A.In paragraph 2.B.In paragraph 3.C.In paragraph 4.D.In paragraph 5.3 .Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A.E-books are of poor quality.B.It could be a waste of time.C.It may harm children's health.D.E-readers are expensive.4 .How should parents e

16、ncourage their children to read more?A.Act as role models for them.B.Ask then to write book reports.C.Set up reading groups for them.D.Talk with their reading class teachers.3、 How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments-mostly for entertainment purposes - is

17、fair and respectful? Zoo officials say they are concernedrather thaabout animals. However, most zoos remain“ collections ” of interesting “ thingsprotective habitats.Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes. Zoos claim to educate people

18、and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos withouthaving learned anything meaningful about the animals' natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty.Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species ' name, diet, and natural range.The animals ' no

19、rmal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don' t usually take care of theanimals ' natural needs. The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusually and self-destructive behavior called zoochosi

20、s. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of u

21、nhappiness and pain.Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered.Captive breeding（圈養(yǎng)繁殖 ）of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild.Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to wo

22、rry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven' t we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zo

23、os, we should support groups that work to protect animals ' natural habitats.I.How would the author describe the animals' life in zoos?A.Dangerous.B.Unhappy.C.Natural.D.Easy.2.In the state of zoochosis, animals.A.remain in cagesB.behave strangelyC.attack other animalsD.enjoy moving around3 .

24、What does the author try to argue in the passage?A.Zoos are not worth the public support.B.Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals.C.Zoos should treat animals as human beings.D.Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment.4 .The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by .A

25、.pointing out the faults in what zoos doB.using evidence he has collected at zoosC.questioning the way animals are protectedD.discussing the advantages of natural habitats4、 As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at thePiquette Plant in Michigan a century

26、 ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line（ 裝配線 ） on September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the mostlasting aspects of America

27、n culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petr

28、ol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with“ a chicken in every pot and a car in everygarage. ” Since then, this society has moved onward, never lookginback, as the car transformedAmerica fro

29、m a farm-based society into an industrial power.The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. InAmerica the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.The problems of excessive（ 過度的 ）energy consumption, climate change and population growth have bee

30、n described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.Friedman points out that the green economy（ 經(jīng)濟 ）is a chance to keep American strength.“ Theability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healt

31、hy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.1 .Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?A.To explain Americans' love for travelling by car.B.To show the influence of cars on American culture.C.To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.D.To praise the

32、effectiveness of America's road system.2 .What has the use of cars in America led to?A.Decline of economy.B.Environmental problems.C.A shortage of oil supply.D.A farm-based society.3 .What is Friedman s attitude towards America s future?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.5、 There are th

33、ousands of products of all colors and shapes in a supermarket, making you believethat they are worth a try. How? Packaging is the silent but persuading salesman .There on the shelves, each bottle, can, box, and jar has been carefully designed and measured tospeak to the inner self of the consumer, s

34、o that is buying not only a product but also his belief inlife. Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found that the look of the package hasa great effect on the“ quality ” of the product and on how well it sells, because“ Consugenerally cannot tell between a product and its package

35、. Many products are packages and manypackages are products, ” as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumerspackaging, noticed.Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colorsdraw human attention quickly. Take V8 for example. For many yea

36、rs, the bright red color ofwordgreentoday can keep food prices goingupShapes are another attraction. Circles oftentomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the « »suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are pleasing to b

37、oth the eye and the heart. That s why the round yellow M signs of McDonaldare inviting to botsh young and old.This new consumer response （反應） to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers andsellers that people buy to satisfy both body and soul.1.According to the passage, seems to be able t

38、o persuade a consumer to buy theproduct.A.the pleasing color of the packageB.the special taste of the productC.the strange shape of the packageD.the belief in the product2.If a package or a product is round in shape, it can .A.bring excitement to the consumersB.attract the consumers attentionC.catch

39、 the eye movement of the consumersD.produce a happy and peaceful feeling3. “ And the word green today can keep food prices going up.” This sentence suggests thatconsumers today are .A.starting to notice the importance of new foodB.enjoying the beauty of nature more than beforeC.beginning to like gre

40、en vegetablesD.paying more attention to their health4.It can be inferred from the passage that V8 is a kind of .6、 Many Americans think of driverless cars as a futuristic technology that will revolutionizetravel in cities and along state highways. But recent experiments are proving that autonomous v

41、ehicles also have the potential to improve the quality of life for millions of Americans underserved by traditional modes of transportation, such as the elderly and disabled, so long as lawmakers make smart policies that pave the way for innovation.A retirement community in San Jose, Calif. , which

42、has been transformed by a small fleet ofs lives. Built by a techdriverless taxis, shows the potential of self- driving cars to transform peoplestart-up called Voyage, the modified Ford Fusions are currently limited to a two-mile road, but residents are already having the benefits of these autonomous

43、 vehicles, which allow them to participate in social activities they would otherwise be unable to enjoy simply because they could not get to them.When the trial run finally expands to 15 miles of road, these residents whose average age is 76 will also have a convenient and reliable new way to appoin

44、tments. As these cars continue to serve residents there, it is easy to understand why California is moving to simplify regulations for the industry.In Michigan, forward-thinking policies have the potential to unlock other hidden benefits of autonomous vehicles, especially for those with physical dis

45、abilities. The Michigan Disability Rights Coalition has strongly advocated for the development of this technology, saying that it could give people with disabilities greater opportunities in the workforce and enable them to lead more fulfilling, independent lives.Many recognize that autonomous vehic

46、les will be the future of transportation, but it is too often overlooked that this future cannot arrive fast enough for millions of Americans who are forced to depend on others for day-to-day travel. The policymakers should follow the lead of places like California and Michigan, and pass rules and r

47、egulations to unlock these hidden benefits of driverless cars.1 .What s the attitude of most American people to the future of autonomous vehicles? A.Curious.B.Doubtful.C.Indifferent.D.Optimistic.2 .What is the modified Ford Fusion?A.A kind of autonomous vehicle.B.A fleet of driverless taxis.C.A road

48、 for driverless cars.D.A retirement community.3 .What are examples in California and Michigan to prove?A.Driverless carsdisadvantages.B.Governments right decisions.C.Benefits to the aged and the disabled.D.The regulations are forward-thinking.4 .What does the author attempt to inform us in the last

49、paragraph?A.The benefits of driverless cars have been fully unlocked.B.Regulations should go hand in hand with driverless technology.C.The concept of autonomous vehicles has been widely recognized.D.The weak groups are often overlooked despite technology advances.A.vegetable dishB.healthy juiceC.ice

50、d drinkD.red vegetable答案以及解析1 答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B; 4.C解析：1.本文介紹了越來越多的學生在被大學錄取后,不直接去上大學,而是在間隔年期間賺取上大學的費用的現(xiàn)象。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話和第三段第一句話可知,越來越多的學生在被大學錄取后,不直接去上大學,而是選擇經(jīng)歷一個間隔年。故選C。2 .推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知,TonyHiggins 認為學生經(jīng)歷間隔年可以為未來的大學教育做充分的準備,使他們變得更成熟和更有責任感。故選A。3 .觀點態(tài)度題。 在第四段中出現(xiàn)了evidence of student hardship, h

51、eing forced into earning money,are forced to work等體現(xiàn)Owain James觀點傾向的詞語。由此可判斷他對間隔年這一現(xiàn)象表 示擔憂。4 .細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知絕大部分學生在假期通過打工掙學費。故選C?！鹃L難句分析】This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on universi

52、ty entranceprovided by University and College Admissions Service(UCAS). UCAS 提供的大學錄取數(shù)據(jù)顯示 , 今年有 25310 名已經(jīng)被高等院校錄取的學生已經(jīng)將他們的入校時間推遲到明年。本句為主從復合句。who have.institutions 作定語從句修飾students; according to.UCAS 作狀語,其中 provided by. 作后置定語修飾statistics。 put off 推遲“ ”。2 答案及解析：答案： 1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A解析：據(jù)本周一公布的a Common Se

53、nse Media report 報告顯示,青少年和年幼的孩子們讀書的樂趣大大減少。文中從閱讀的樂趣,閱讀的時間,閱讀方式和父母對孩子閱讀的影響等角度展示了該報告的內(nèi)容。1. 推理判斷題。題干問的是這篇報道可能是關(guān)于什么內(nèi)容。根據(jù)整篇文章, 我們可以看出這篇報道講述了孩子們閱讀的樂趣,孩子們閱讀的時間,孩子們閱讀方式和父母對孩子閱讀的影響。 A 項意為 :孩子們的閱讀習慣;B 項意為:孩子們所讀書籍的質(zhì)量;C 項意為 :孩子們的課后活動 ;D 項意為 :父母與孩子的關(guān)系。故選A。2. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的the proportion （ 比例 ） who say they hardly

54、ever read for funhas gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and27 percent respectively today. 可知,很少為樂趣而閱讀的人的比例已經(jīng)分別從1984年的 13 歲的8%和17 歲的9%上升到現(xiàn)在的22%和27%。也就是說,為樂趣而讀書的人越來越少了。故選 B 。3. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due

55、to concerns about increased screen time可知，許多家長仍然限制電子閱讀，主要是由于擔心看一些電子屏幕的時間越來越多,也即是擔心會傷害孩子們的健康。故選C。4. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clearevidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes toreading.可知，有明顯的證據(jù)表明，父母為孩子們做榜樣并為孩子們作重要指導能培養(yǎng)

56、孩子的閱讀習慣。也即是說,父母可以通過給孩子們作榜樣來鼓勵孩子們閱讀的。故選A。點睛:作此類型的題時,一定要讀懂第一段。第一段讀懂了,整篇文章大意也就迎刃而解了。明白了大意,第28 題我們也不難看出答案,本文講的肯定不是質(zhì)量,不是活動也不是關(guān)系。而是習慣,即孩子們的閱讀習慣。3 答案及解析： 答案： 1.B; 2.B; 3.A; 4.A解析： 1.本文講述的是人類對于動物的圈養(yǎng)問題,給動物帶來了很多的傷害。建議我們不要再支持動物園的這樣的做法。推理題。 根據(jù)文章第四段The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy a

57、nd littleopportunity for mental and physical exercise. 可知這樣的動物通常在精神上和身體都受到摧殘的。都很不開心。故B 正確。2 .推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common amonganimals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movemen

58、ts or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain. 可知這樣的一些動物的情況都很反常,和在大自然里的情況完全不一樣。故B 正確。3 .推理題。作者主要描述了動物園圈養(yǎng)動物的不好的地方,建議我們不要再支持動物園這樣的行為。故A 正確。4 .推理題。作者在組織本文的時候,主要通過指出動物園的做法的錯誤來告訴我們動物園做法的不妥之處。故A 正確。5 答案及解析：答案： 1.B; 2.B; 3.C解析：文章講述了汽車在美國經(jīng)濟和文化上的重要作用,