賓語補足語講解

1、 1 / 4 概念： 英語中含有某些意義的動詞跟了賓語后句子仍不完整，還須要一個補足成分，這種補足成分叫做賓語補足語。賓語補足語是句子的主要成分，這樣的句型為： 主語+謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補足語。 由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語充當賓語補足語，用以說明賓語的類屬、性質、狀態(tài)等意義；由非謂語動詞即不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞充當賓語補足語，用以說明賓語的動作。 不同形式的 賓語補足語 名詞主要搭配的動詞 make, name, call, think, consider, choose, wish, find, elect例句 We made him our monitor. She found

2、him a very clever boy.They call her XiaoZhang. 形容詞believe, think, get, keep,You should keep your classroom clean.make, find, set, like, wish, see, I found the movie very interesting.consider, prove, have, leave, The noise drives me mad. paint, drive, turn, cut I found the dog dead. 2 / 4 advise, all

3、ow, ask, cause,They asked me to get there on time.expect, force, get, help, invite, （部分Nobody heard him cry for help.order, remind, request, require, 動詞后的to teach, tell, train, want, warn,I often see the boys play basketball after school.需省略） wish, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, smell, taste, obser

4、ve, have, make, let, allow, beg, drive, encourage, forbid, permit, persuade 現(xiàn)在分詞keep, mind, prevent, rember, stop, start, smell, excuse, send, see, hear,watch , notice smell, taste, feel, observe, have, get, set, leave make, get, have, keep, Can you smell something burning?My grandfather had his old

5、 house rebuilt.I must get my bike repaired. He was trying to make himself understood.動詞不定式 過去分詞 3 / 4 副詞findI followed him in She ordered them away. 介詞短語keep, find, leaveTo her surprise, she found herself in a differentworld. Please make yourself at home.I left my pen on my desk at home.賓語補足語使用注意事項：

6、 當感官動詞和使役動詞，如： see hear notice watch hear observe, listen to, feel(感官動詞)make have let get(使役動詞)接賓補時，不定式的符號to必須省略。但在被動語態(tài)中，動詞后要加to。 主動語態(tài)： The policeman made him tell everything. 被動語態(tài)： He was made to tell everything by the policeman. 感官動詞see, hear, watch, notice, observe后面的賓語補足語既可跟不帶to的動詞不定式，也可跟現(xiàn)在分詞，其區(qū)

7、別在于前者表示“經(jīng)常性的，習慣性的動作”，后者表示“正在發(fā)生的瞬間動作”。 I often hear her sing English songs in the room. Suddenly, Zhang Hua heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire!” 在help后,不定式可以帶to,也可不帶。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. 有些動詞只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，如： keep, mind, prevent, stop。動詞find,catch等的賓語可由現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語。 4 / 4 Sh

8、e caught her son smoking a cigarette. We'd better keep the fire burning. I don't mind you joking. I like it. I found him drinking my whisky. hope, demand, suggest等動詞后面不能接不定式作賓語補足語。 錯誤： 正確： 表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose,prove等動詞后的不定式通常是“to be+形容詞或名詞”結構，to be常可省略。 We consider him (to be) a good teacher. He proved that theory (to be) very important. I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her. 當賓語是不定式、動名詞或賓語從句時，往往把賓語放在它的補足語后，而用it作句子的形式賓語，放在賓語補足語之前，將真正的賓語置于補足語之后。如： I think it wrong to smoke in public.