常見英語縮略式(Contraction)

1、常見英語縮略式(Contraction)縮略式(Contraction)和縮寫(Abbreviation) 是兩個(gè)不同的概念。Abbreviation 是指單詞 或片語縮短后的形式，主要用于在書面語中替代完整形式，如用 Mass.替代Massachusetts (馬薩諸塞州), 用USA替代United States of Ameirica(美利堅(jiān)合眾國)，用RMB替代Renminbi (人民幣)等。Contraction又稱締約詞或收縮詞，是指通過省略或結(jié)合一個(gè)較 長短語中的某些音素而形成的詞，如從 of the clock收縮而來的oclock ，從I am收縮而來的I m等，在書寫時(shí)，需

2、要用(apostrophe)來代替省略掉的部分。使用中必須要注意縮略式的使用場合，縮略式的最大問題是被用于不該用的地方。一般來說，縮略式在小說體重是完全正常的，特別是在對話中，作者想要傳達(dá)一種聽上去像實(shí)際口頭語言的信息。然而，在正式的非小說體寫作中，縮略式幾乎是不被接受的。也就是說，在更加 正式的寫作中，最好避免使用縮略式。A List of Standard Contractions in Englisharentare nottheresthere is; there hascantcan nottheydthey had; they wouldcouldntcould nottheyll

3、they will; they shalldidntdid nottheyrethey aredoesntdoes nottheyvethey havedontdo notwasn twas nothadnthad notwedwe had; we wouldhasnthas notwe llwe willhaventhave notwerewe arehedhe had; he wouldwevewe havehellhe will; he shallwerentwere notheshe is; he haswhatllwhat will; what shallIdI had; I wou

4、ldwhatrewhat areIllI will; I shallwhatswhat is; what has; what doesImI amwhatvewhat haveIveI havewhereswhere is; where hasisntis notwhodwho had; who woulditsit is; it haswhollwho will; who shallletslet uswhorewho aremightntmight notwhoswho is; who hasmustntmust notwhovewho haveshantshall notwontwill

5、 notshedshe had; she wouldwouldntwould notshellshe will; she shallyoudyou had; you wouldshesshe is; she hasyoullyou will; you shallshouldntshould notyoureyou arethatsthat is; that hasyouveyou haveshould沒有縮寫為d的，were沒有縮寫為re的，was沒有縮寫為s的FullformContrac tedNotesnot-ntIrregular forms: aint, dont, wont, sh

6、ant. nt canonly be attached to an auxiliary verb which is itself not contracted.let usletsI amImare-rewere /w? r/ is pronounced differently fromwere /w?r/ in somedialects.is-sdoesinformal, as in Whats he do there every dayhashave-veWhatve you gotten in therehad-ddidinformal, as in Whered she gowould

7、will-llofo-used mostly in oclock , where it is mandatory in contemporary useofoas in barrel o monkeys, Land o Goshen, lots o luckitt-Archaic, except in stock uses such asT was the night beforeChristmasthememPerceived as informal, yet old. Actually from hem which is not thesame word as them, a Norse

8、loan.is notisnt, or aintaint is contracted fromam not and more recently is not ； it isgenerally considered a colloquial contraction.ContractionMeaningaintam not / are not / is not / has not / have notarentare not / am notcantcannotcouldvecould havecouldntcould notcouldntvecould not havedidntdid notd

9、oesntdoes notdontdo nothadnthad nothadntvehad not havehasnthas nothaventhave nothedhe had / he wouldhedvehe would havehellhe shall / he willheshe has / he ishowdhow did / how wouldhowllhow willhowshow has / how is / how doesIdI had / I wouldIdveI would haveContractionMeaningIllI shall / I willImI am

10、IveI haveisntis notitdit had / it would1dveit would haveitllit shall / it willitsit has / it isletslet usmaammadammightntmight notmightntvemight not havemightvemight havemustntmust notmustvemust haveneedntneed notnotvenot haveoclockof the clockshantshall notshedshe had / she wouldshedveshe would hav

11、eshellshe shall / she willshesshe has / she isshouldveshould haveshouldntshould notshouldntveshould not haveContractionMeaningthatsthat has / that istheredthere had / there wouldtheredvethere would havethererethere aretheresthere has / there istheydthey had / they wouldtheydvethey would havetheyllth

12、ey shall / they willtheyrethey aretheyvethey havewasntwas notwedwe had / we wouldwedvewe would havewellwe willwerewe arewevewe havewerentwere notwhatllwhat shall / what willwhatrewhat arewhatswhat has / what is / what doeswhatvewhat havewhenswhen has / when iswheredwhere didwhereswhere has / where iswherevewhere havewhodwho would / who hadContractionMeaningwhollwho shall / who willwhorewho arewhoswho has / who iswhovewho havewhyllwhy willwhyrewhy arewhyswhy has / why iswontwill notwouldvewould havewouldntwoul