招投標(biāo)文獻(xiàn)英文翻譯

1、Building engineering biddingAbstract: Nowadays in the engineering construction industry, the market which is characteristicfor project bidding, has formed. The construction companies,which want to create good benefits, have to con trol their cost and improve man ageme nt to enhance the capacity of a

2、daptingand competing in this market. This article focuses on how to decrease cost and in crease income so as to con trol the con structi on cost effectively. bidding documents should be wellformulated ,which is important to a successful biddi ng and direct in flue nee the success orfailure of the bi

3、ddi ng work.Because the success or failure of the bidding for the survival anddevelopment of enterprise has a direct impact, so we have a high quality, improve the biddocume nts of the un it, preve nt in valid and successful pass mark appear, become a researchtopic.key : biddingdrawbacks of unfair c

4、ompetition countermeasuresBidding is a form of project transactions, project bidding process is to determine the successfulbidder and the cost of the process and the price of the project, project bidding work of a veryimportant link, do a good job bidding to determine the price, we can effectively c

5、ontrolconstruction costs, and create a fair and equitable market en vir onment, create orderlycompetiti on mecha ni sm. Biddi ng in con struct ion activities, con struct ion en terprises inorder to ten der invin cible works to be successful,And from the contracted projects profitable, it needs to in

6、tegrate various subjective andobjective conditions, the tender research strategy determine tender. Tender bidding strategy,including pricing strategies and skills. All of the strategies and skills from the nu merous contractors biddi ng on the accumulated experie nee and objective understanding of t

7、he law and ofthe actual situation understanding, but alsowiththe con tractors decisi on-mak ing ability and courage are closely related.Bidding documents is the general programme and play book of the bidding activity throughthe process of bidding. The bidding documents will specify that How to con d

8、uct each biddi ngwork, how to dispatch biddi ng docume nts, the requireme nts fortenderer ,how to rate and decide bidding and the procedures of bidding. Therefore, thepersonnel who is responsible for prepare bidding documents should first have age neralview of the bidding work, include all the requi

9、rements and arrangements into the biddingdocuments. If meet problems that have not been considered previously, then resolve them oneby one during the preparation. The course of bidding documents preparation is also the courseof making bidding scheme .In another respect, bidding documents is also the

10、 legal instruments. Besides releva nt lawand rules, the biddi ng docume nts are the com mon game rules that bidder,biddi ng age nt andten derer should subject to through the biddi ng. Biddi ng documents are the legal instrumentsthat all the three bidding related parties should subject to, have legal

11、 force, therefore, thebidding documents -making personnel required to have the awareness and quality of legal inorder to reflect the fair, just and legal requirement in the bidding documents.In building engineering bidding law enforcement and the practice of project con struct ionsupervisi on system

12、 on sta ndardiz ing Chin as con struct ion market, improve the con struct ionquality and played an active role. But in the process of implementing exist some disadvantages,needs to perfect, enrich and improve. This project bidding documents in accordanee with thebidding law of the Peoples Republic o

13、f China for bidders, bidding regulation, enterprise strictly,put forward to bidders professional requirements of project profile was illustrated.Nowadays in the engin eer ing con struct ion in dustry, the market which is characteristic forproject bidding, has formed. The construction companies,which

14、 want to create good ben efits,have to con trol their cost and improve man ageme nt to enhance the capacity of adapting andcompeting in this market. This article focuses onhow to decrease cost and in crease in come so as to con trol the con structi on cost effectively.In building engineering bidding

15、 law enforcement and the practice of project con struct ionsupervisi on system on sta ndardiz ing Chin as con struct ion market, improve the con struct ionquality and played an active role. But in the process of implementing exist some disadvantages,needs to perfect, enrich and improve. This project

16、 bidding documents in accordanee with thebidding law of the Peoples Republic of China for bidders, bidding regulation, enterprise strictly,put forward to bidders professional requirements of project profile was illustrated.The practice of project bidding purpose is to market competition of openness,

17、 fairness andjustice. However, due to the construction market development is not sta ndard, man ageme ntsystem and the experie nee of in adequate, architectural engin eeri ng biddi ng in con creteoperati on exist i n ACTSo fun fair competiti on, and some drawbacks. This obviously violatethe bidding,

18、 the bidding process, and will lose its significanee for other bidder fails to bid isunjust, disturbed the bidding (project con tract ing market econo mic order, for activities), thiskind of behavior must be prohibited, only in this way can we make construction engineeringcompetitive trading activit

19、y lawfully healthy. This subject will I learned and social practice, present situati on and con struct ion project biddi ng system is expo un ded, and the disadva ntagesof biddi ng for con struct ion project with ACTS of un fair competiti on phe nomenon and analysis of causes, and fin ally make corr

20、esp onding preve ntive coun termeasures.Construction cost management system, both theoretical discussion, but also need to practiceinnovation. Under the conditions of market economy, project costmanagement, competitive and orderly market for construction management services platformstructures. In su

21、ch a premise, the original scale and method of valuation is in appropriate, andthis n eeds to be reformed and improved. The spirit of the governments macro regulation andcontrol, enterprise autonomy offer, the market will price principle, to implement theimplementation specification bill of quantity

22、. Inventory Valuation bidding activities are based onmarket economy mechanism, based on legal, scie ntific, fair, ope n and reas on able way todeterm ine the winning bidder of an economic activity. Bidding is bidding activities constitutetwo basic aspects. The bidding activity is merely that by bidd

23、ing to choose the one with theworkConstruction process capability, moderate cost, quality is excellent, short duration of construct ion en terprises, and this is the ultimate goal ten der. I have participated inin ter nships over the course of the project biddi ng, and completed over part of the cal

24、culationof quantities, combined with graduate experienee in the design process, a brief analysis of themode Quantities Call for TenderThe meaning of risk and risk characteristics of the general construction, the lowest price sealedbidding construction method produces several risks and incentives, ac

25、cording to theircharacteristics discussed the feasibility of risk control and prevention. Comparison ofengineering and engineering security risk management, in sura nee, similarities and differences betwee n the two projects and ben efits;con struct ion project biddi ng and ten deri ng process chara

26、cteristics of huma n behavior isanalyzed to reveal the bidders risk appetite and behavioral characteristics with changes in theexternal environment change, when the default punishment is light, thebidder prefere nee appetite for risk and default pen alties, with the in crease exceeds a certainvalue,

27、 the risk of bidders to show preferenee for behavior change to avoid therisk of penalties, the greater the bidder biased in favor of a more risk-averse behavior,the results of the control and prevention of risk behavior of bidders has an important andpractical significaneeConstruction Cost Managemen

28、t from the quantity-one price plan model toprice of separation volume model of the market, and gradually establish a market price-basedprice formation mechanism, the price of the decision in the hands of the parties involved in themarket, and ultimately the allocation of resources through the market

29、 in order to realize throughthe market mechanism to decide on project cost. This will standardize the eonstructionmarket-competitive behavior and the promoti onof project bidding mechanisms play an important role in innovation. It can be said that theimplementation of the project bill of quantities

30、is a project cost management system in ourcountry a big step forward, but also in Chinas accession to the WTO, the global constructionindustry a powerful tool for peer competition.With the construction of in-depth development of the market, the traditional fixed prici ng modelno Ion ger suited to ma

31、rket-orie nted econo mic developme nt n eeds. In order to adapt to thecurrent project bidding by the market needs of a project cost, wemust work on the existing valuation methods and pricing model for reform, the implementationof projects bill pricing. Engineering is a list of pricing model and adap

32、t to the market economy,allow ing in depe ndent con tractor pric ing through marketcompetition determine prices, with the international practice of pricing model. With the billpricing model projects to promote, in accordanee with international bidding practices isimperative. Therefore, the lowest re

33、as on able price of the successful bidder My future is themost important evaluation methods. At this stage due to the implementation of projects billpricing model and the problems mainly against China atthis stage in the minimum reas on able price of the prin ciples of the successful bidder, mostcon

34、 tractors have not yet set up their own en terprises of scale, compa niesun able to determ ine the reas on able Cost. This article is a scie ntific and fast setreas on able cost to study the key. First, from the project cost of the basic con cept, ofthe engineering bill pricing model under the cost

35、structure, to accurately predict costsof the project provided the basis, considering the average cost of the social cost to in dividualen terprises and the ten der stage of the cost estimates. Followed through onfuzzy math and tech no logy for smooth in-depth an alysis, through close-degree, the con

36、 ceptof reas on able fuzzy math and exp onen tial smoothi ng tech no logies, con struct ion of theproject cost vague predicti on model, and in accorda nee with the releva nt in formati on andstatistics In formati on and experie nee to establish a framework structure, the comparisonworks Construction

37、 Cost Management from the quantity-one price plan model to price ofseparation volume model of the market, and gradually establish a market price-based priceformation mechanism, the price of the decision in the hands of the parties involved in themarket, and ultimatelythe allocation of resources thro

38、ugh the market in order to realize through the market mechanism to decide on project cost. This will sta ndardize the con struct ion market-competitivebehavior and the promotion of project bidding mechanisms play an important role in innovation.It can be said that the implementation of the project b

39、ill of quantities is a project costmanagement system in our country a big step forward, but also in Chinas accession to theWTO, the global construction industry a powerful tool for peer competition.A healthy bidding system should be in accordanee with the open, fair and justice and theprinciple of g

40、ood faith, and establish a unified, open, competitive and orderly con struct ionmarket. In view of the curre nt problems exist ing in the biddi ng process, adopt regulations, andformulate and perfect the institution, strengthening process supervisi on measures, they canbetter regulate con struct ion

41、 market order, preve nt corrupti on from its source, purify con struction market, promote the con structi on market order progressively toward standardization,institutionalized, and constantly improve the quality and level of the bidding work.建筑項(xiàng)目招投標(biāo)摘要：目前在工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目行業(yè)中 以工程招投標(biāo)為特征的建筑市場已經(jīng)形成施工企業(yè)為創(chuàng)造良好經(jīng)濟(jì)效益必須嚴(yán)

42、格控制成本加強(qiáng)成本控制管理才能提 高市場適應(yīng)能力和競爭力。本文從降低成本、增加收入兩方面闡述對施工成本的 有效控制。投標(biāo)文件的編制是投標(biāo)工作的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)直接影響投標(biāo)工作的成敗 投標(biāo)的成敗對企業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展有著直接的影響因此要編制出高質(zhì)量的投標(biāo)文件 提高單位的中標(biāo)率 防止無效標(biāo)及廢標(biāo)出現(xiàn)。關(guān)鍵詞 招投標(biāo) 不正當(dāng)競爭 防范對策招標(biāo)投標(biāo)是一種工程交易形式工程招投標(biāo)的過程就是確定中標(biāo)人和工程價(jià)格的過程而工程價(jià)格的確定是工程招投標(biāo)工作中非常重要的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié) 搞 好招投標(biāo)工程的價(jià)格確定工作 可以有效地控制工程造價(jià) 創(chuàng)造公平、公正的市 場環(huán)境 營造有序競爭的機(jī)制。在建筑工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)活動(dòng)中 建筑施工企業(yè)要想

43、在投標(biāo)中立于不敗之地中標(biāo)得到工程然后又要從承包工程中贏利就需要綜合考慮各種主觀條件與客觀因素、研究投標(biāo)策略確定投標(biāo)方法。投標(biāo)策略包括投標(biāo)策略和作價(jià)技巧。所有的策略和技巧來自承包商的無數(shù)次投標(biāo)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累以及對客觀規(guī)律的認(rèn)識和對實(shí)際情況的了解同時(shí)也與承包商的決策能力和魄力息息相關(guān)。從招標(biāo)進(jìn)程上講招標(biāo)文件是招標(biāo)活動(dòng)的總綱和劇本。每項(xiàng)招標(biāo)工作如何開始如何發(fā)出招標(biāo)文件對投標(biāo)人有什么要求如何評標(biāo)如何決標(biāo)招標(biāo)程 序是什么都在招標(biāo)文件中做出規(guī)定 所以編制招標(biāo)文件的人員首先要對本次招 標(biāo)工作有一個(gè)全局性的認(rèn)識 把本次招標(biāo)的要求和安排反映到招標(biāo)文件當(dāng)中在編制當(dāng)中也會遇到事先沒有想到的問題那就在編制當(dāng)中逐一解決 編

44、制招標(biāo)文件的過程也是制定招標(biāo)方案的過程。從另一個(gè)意義上來講招標(biāo)文件也是法律文件除了相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)外在招標(biāo)的全過程中招標(biāo)人 投標(biāo)人招標(biāo)代理機(jī)構(gòu)共同遵循的游戲規(guī)則就是招標(biāo) 文件這是參加招標(biāo)工作三方人士必須遵循的法律文件 具有法律效力所以編 制招標(biāo)文件的人員須有法律意識和素質(zhì) 在招標(biāo)文件中體現(xiàn)出公平、公正、合法 的要求。我國建筑工程招投標(biāo)法實(shí)施以及工程施工監(jiān)理制度的實(shí)踐對規(guī)范我國建筑市場、提高建筑工程施工質(zhì)量起到了積極的作用。但是在實(shí)施過程中存在不少缺陷需要完善、充實(shí)和提高。本工程招標(biāo)文件根據(jù)中華人民共和國招投標(biāo)法規(guī)定 對投標(biāo)人 投標(biāo)企業(yè)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格把關(guān) 對競標(biāo)者提出了專業(yè)性的要求 對工程的概況進(jìn)行了說

45、明。目前在工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目行業(yè)中 以工程招投標(biāo)為特征的建筑市場已經(jīng)形成施工企業(yè)為創(chuàng)造良好經(jīng)濟(jì)效益必須嚴(yán)格控制成本加強(qiáng)成本控制管理才能提 高市場適應(yīng)能力和競爭力。本文從降低成本、增加收入兩方面闡述對施工成本的 有效控制筑市場、提高建筑工程施工質(zhì)量起到了積極的作用。但是在實(shí)施過程中存在不我國建筑工程招投標(biāo)法實(shí)施以及工程施工監(jiān)理制度的實(shí)踐對規(guī)范我國建少缺陷 需要完善、充實(shí)和提高。本工程招標(biāo)文件根據(jù)中華人民共和國招投標(biāo) 法規(guī)定 對投標(biāo)人 投標(biāo)企業(yè)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格把關(guān) 對競標(biāo)者提出了專業(yè)性的要求 對工程的概況進(jìn)行了說明。實(shí)行工程招投標(biāo)的目的是為了市場競爭的公開、公平、公正。但是由于建筑市場發(fā)育尚不規(guī)范 管理體制的束縛以及經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足等原因建筑工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)在具體操作中還存在不正當(dāng)競爭行為和一些弊端。這顯然違背了招投標(biāo)的目的 整個(gè)招標(biāo)投標(biāo)過程也就失去了意義 對其他未中標(biāo)的投標(biāo)人來講也是不公正的 擾亂了招投標(biāo)工程承發(fā)包市場 經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)秩序?qū)τ谶@類行為必須予以禁 止只有這樣才能使建設(shè)工程競爭性交易活動(dòng)依法健康運(yùn)行。因此本課題將結(jié) 合本人所學(xué)及社會實(shí)踐