第三章讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)解題技巧分析與演練

1、 根據(jù)以上表格中的內(nèi)容，思考并完成以下根據(jù)以上表格中的內(nèi)容，思考并完成以下填空題。填空題。 1. 讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)主要考查學(xué)生的概括能力和綜合語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用能力。首先試題要求以約_個(gè)左右的詞概括一段_詞左右的全文，也可能是概括其中的某個(gè)段落或某個(gè)方面。2007年高考題只是要求概括父親的期望；2008年和2009年高考題要求概括短文的內(nèi)容；2010年、2011年和2012年高考題要求概括全文內(nèi)容。然后，讓學(xué)生圍繞要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作，要點(diǎn)一般有_個(gè)，但字?jǐn)?shù)要求大約120個(gè)詞，對(duì)表達(dá)方式、句數(shù)及采用的例證不作限制，一般說(shuō)來(lái)，考生都有話可寫(xiě)。303200 2. 閱讀材料的難度略低于高考閱讀部分的文章，均來(lái)自于外國(guó)網(wǎng)站或英

2、美報(bào)刊，一般沒(méi)有生詞。都是考生熟悉的話題，與考生的學(xué)習(xí)或生活密切相關(guān)。六年體裁多種多樣，分別為_(kāi)、_和_三種體裁。在備考中，除練習(xí)已出現(xiàn)的這三種文體外，我們還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)說(shuō)明文的訓(xùn)練。 3. 本題滿分25分，六年廣東高考考生平均分_分左右，得分率均在40%左右，因此如果考生在此題找到有效突破口而獲得高分，勢(shì)必拉開(kāi)與其他考生的距離。記敘文議論文應(yīng)用文10 如何概括如何概括 【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練】【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練】 I. 句子濃縮：按照括號(hào)內(nèi)的方法要求改句子濃縮：按照括號(hào)內(nèi)的方法要求改寫(xiě)下列句子，在橫線處填上合適的單詞寫(xiě)下列句子，在橫線處填上合適的單詞。 1. As a matter of fact, Ill do w

3、hat I can to pull him through. (使用單詞代替短語(yǔ)) _, Ill _ to pull him through. 2. Zhouqu, which was called the most beautiful place in Ganshu, was destroyed by mud-rock flows in one night. (使用單詞短語(yǔ)代替句子)Zhouqu, _ _ _ _ in Ganshu, was destroyed by mud-rock flows in one night.Actuallytrythe most beautiful plac

4、e 3. While he was living with his parents, he seldom water trees as his parents told him to do it. (簡(jiǎn)化句子，避免繁冗表達(dá)) While _ with his parents, he seldom water trees as _ _. 4. The Peoples Republic of China will never suffer from any foreign interference. (使用縮略語(yǔ)) _ will never suffer from any foreign inte

5、rference. 5. What he had said left a deep impression on the children present. (改變?cè)~性) His words deeply _ on the children present.livingtold toChinaimpressed II. 段落概括：請(qǐng)閱讀下面段落，用所給方段落概括：請(qǐng)閱讀下面段落，用所給方法技巧概括全篇，且不能抄襲原文。法技巧概括全篇，且不能抄襲原文。 Passage 1：Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other

6、hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance. 用刪除細(xì)節(jié)，只保留主要觀點(diǎn)技巧刪除細(xì)節(jié)，只保留主要觀點(diǎn)技巧進(jìn)行概括：_。 本段前面陳述細(xì)節(jié)，最后得出主要觀點(diǎn)：We are foolish if we judg

7、e a person only by his appearance Passage 2：Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal backgrou

8、nd. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. 用提煉的概括詞而不是具體細(xì)節(jié)詞的技巧提煉的概括詞而不是具體細(xì)節(jié)詞的技巧進(jìn)行概括：_ _。 關(guān)鍵詞Joshua Bingham涉及5次，與graduation 有關(guān)的著名大學(xué)教育經(jīng)歷4次，根據(jù) with honors和excellent及a corporation lawyer本段概括為：Joshua Bingham received an excellent education Passage 3：There are many ways for us to defeat a

9、passive self-image. First write down all of the great things you do every day and dont allow doubts to occur in it. Then, actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Next, change the way you think and work on those you need to improve a positive self-image. When you can pat(拍) yourself on

10、 the back, youll know youre well on your way. Good luck! 用省略事例技巧進(jìn)行概括：_。 根據(jù)過(guò)渡詞First，Then，Next等確定第一句There are many ways for us to build a positive self-image是概括句，其它句子屬于舉例 Passage 4：Mrs Smith glared at Mr Smith, saying, “Look! You always put yourself behind the newspapers, watch football matches on TV

11、or play games on computer whenever you get home, Paul. Its not fair for your wife! She shouldnt spend the whole life on housework. Shes not a machine but a human.” 用把對(duì)話內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)技巧把對(duì)話內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)技巧進(jìn)行概括。_。 Mrs Smith complained about her husband not helping her with housework Passage 5：More and more peopl

12、e like climbing Mount Tai to see the Sun-rise. Even more people like to share coolness in Lushan Mountain in summer, and quite a few people enjoy the beautiful scenery in Mount Huang. It is all because better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services

13、today have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting beautiful mountains ten years ago. 用避免重復(fù)技巧避免重復(fù)技巧進(jìn)行概括： 在原文中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)主題，可能在原文中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)主題，可能會(huì)重復(fù)論證說(shuō)明，但是這在概括中是不能會(huì)重復(fù)論證說(shuō)明，但是這在概括中是不能使用的，應(yīng)該刪除那些突出強(qiáng)調(diào)的重述詞、使用的，應(yīng)該刪除那些突出強(qiáng)調(diào)的重述詞、句。本段前三句的重復(fù)論證表明了越來(lái)越句。本段前三句的重復(fù)論證表明了越來(lái)越多人喜歡登山，故概括句可為：多人喜歡登山，故概括句可為：_

14、Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.如何寫(xiě)好記敘文體的概括如何寫(xiě)好記敘文體的概括 【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練】用大約【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練】用大約30左右詞數(shù)概括左右詞數(shù)概括下列文段下列文段。Passage 1 Martin Luther King, a famous freedom fighter, spent his whole life fighting

15、 for rights for black people in the USA. By doing this he set an example for the rest of the world. His message was that black people should not be separated but should be treated in the same way as other people. It was in 1963 that Martin Luther King gave the speech “I Have a Dream” to thousands of

16、 black people who marched on Washington DC, the capital of the USA. It made him famous all over the world. The following year, King received the Nobel Prize for Peace. In the same year, a new Civil Rights Act was passed and in 1965 a new Voting Rights Bill became law. From then on, all black people

17、had the right to vote. Martin Luther King was murdered in 1968. However, he had already changed the whole of society in the USA. Soon after his death, black people started enjoying the rights they had waited and fought for so long. 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1. 概括短文的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn), 該部分的詞數(shù)大約30左右； 2. 有許多的偉人都是為了爭(zhēng)取人民的自由而奮斗一生甚至獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命

18、。請(qǐng)你就馬丁路德金的一生發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn), 寫(xiě)一篇120詞的短文： （1）讀了短文之后, 你覺(jué)得Martin Luther King是一位怎樣的人? （2）你覺(jué)得他給整個(gè)世界的人們帶來(lái)了什么? （3）你覺(jué)得自由重要嗎? 為什么值得我們?nèi)プ非? 閱讀寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容2可知，考生要就馬丁路德金的一生發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。帶著主題閱讀文章，形成概要，參照記敘文概括段落模板，用兩句話概括如下： 文體段落模板原文語(yǔ)句改編后語(yǔ)句記敘文介紹故事內(nèi)容，即人物，主要事件和結(jié)果等。 人物：Martin Luther King主要事件：spent his whole life fighting for rights for bla

19、ck people in the USAgave the speech in 1963received the Nobel Prize for PeaceA new Civil Rights Act was passed and all black people had the right to vote.結(jié)果：King was murdered in 1968. However, he had already changed the whole of society in the USA. Martin Luther king used his whole life to fight for

20、 the freedom and rights of black people in the USA. Though he was murdered, the whole society of the USA had been changed.Passage 2 One night my wife was preparing dinner while our son was busy writing something on a piece of paper. I was so curious about what on earth he was writing that I got clos

21、e to him for a look. Here was the paper which read: For washing the car $ 5.00 For playing with little sister $ 0.25 For getting a good report card $ 5.00 For cleaning the dinner table $ 2.00 Total $12.25 With an eager look, he gave it to his mum, standing there expecting payment. After reading it,

22、my wife didnt say s word, but picked up the pen and turned the paper over. She quickly noted down something as follows: For 10 months I carried you No charge For the toys, food and clothes you have No charge The full cost of my love No charge No sooner had our son finished reading it than he had big

23、 tears in his eyes. He gave hismum a tight hug and said, “Mummy, I love you!” Then he took the pen and in great big letters wrote on the “bill”: “ALL PAID.” Both of us looked at each other with smiles, knowing that our son had realized mums love was priceless. 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的主要內(nèi)容。 2. 以約120詞，

24、以“母愛(ài)無(wú)價(jià)”為題，記一件有關(guān)母愛(ài)的感人事件，包括以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)： (1)描述你讀完短文的感受； (2)以個(gè)人或自己朋友的經(jīng)歷寫(xiě)一件有關(guān)母愛(ài)的感人事件； (3)總結(jié)你對(duì)母愛(ài)的看法。 閱讀寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容2可知，考生要以“母愛(ài)無(wú)價(jià)”為題，記一件有關(guān)母愛(ài)的感人事件。帶著主題閱讀文章，形成概要，參照記敘文概括段落模板，用兩句話概括如下： 文體段落模板原文語(yǔ)句改編后語(yǔ)句記敘文介紹故事內(nèi)容，即人物，主要事件和結(jié)果等。 人物：a little boy and his mum 主要事件：The little boy was writing on the paper, expecting his mums paymen

25、t for what he had done.His mum noted down “No Charge” for everything she had done for her son.結(jié)果：The son had realized mums love was priceless. A little boy expected to get paid from his mum for what he had done. But mums “No Charge” note made him aware that mums love is unconditional and priceless.如

26、何寫(xiě)好說(shuō)明文體的概括如何寫(xiě)好說(shuō)明文體的概括 【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練】Passage 1 No wonder English poses (形成) such a challenge to non-native speakers. This most global of languages has more words than any other, over 1 million according to the Global Language Monitor. Out of this number, the average American college student has mastered

27、 between 8,00015,000. Realizing that words are the building blocks of language, many Chinese students tryhard to catch up. They make out long lists of words often in alphabetical order and simply memorize their definitions(釋義) and Chinese meanings. The bad news is that definition memorization does t

28、hem little good when it comes to college entrance tests like the SATs. For these tests, a student needs to understand, not simply parrot words studied. The good news is that there are better ways to build an academic English vocabulary Vocabulary Learning System. The first thing to do is to develop

29、an organized, but easy means of collecting and learning new words. We recommend a card system that includes the following information: Word Simple Definition in English Phrase or Sentence Related Words Synonyms (同義詞) and Antonyms (反義詞) with a Chinese translation on the reverse (背面) of the card. The

30、advantage of this system is that with a single card, a student can learn not just one word but a group of related words. Keep your cards on a detachable (可分離的) metal ring, so you can carry them around and add to your collection daily. 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1. 以約30詞概括以上短文的主要內(nèi)容； 2. 然后以約120個(gè)詞以“有什么記單詞的好辦法?”為主題寫(xiě)一篇短文，

31、并包括如下要點(diǎn)： （1）舉例說(shuō)明你的英語(yǔ)老師教給你某種記憶單詞的好方法； （2）說(shuō)明好的記憶單詞方法的重要性; （3）為應(yīng)對(duì)高考你將如何加強(qiáng)單詞記憶？ 1. 閱讀寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容1可知，要用約30個(gè)詞概括全文內(nèi)容； 2. 閱讀寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容2，帶著主題閱讀文章，形成概要的基本框架：當(dāng)今記單詞現(xiàn)狀揭示一些不良的記英語(yǔ)單詞方法建議采用一套詞匯學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)。 3. 參照說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明某現(xiàn)象型概括段落模板，用兩句話概括如下：In the passage the author tells us some bad and poor ways of memorizing English vocabulary and advise

32、 a vocabulary learning system, which enables students to learn a group of related words. Passage 2 I think the awareness of the parents in China on the importance of education is growing. More and more parents will try really hard to get the best possible education they can get for their children. S

33、o, it is important that what the government offers for education is as good as it can get. And there have been a lot of changes in thinking, in education, in the last 20 years on how it should be approached, what is the best way of learning. Society is changing very quickly. None of us can stop lear

34、ning when we leave school. So we must create life-long learners. We, ourselves must be life-long learners. But we must make sure that our students understand that they will never stop learning. They must also become independent learners, because, at some point, no one tells you; you must do your hom

35、ework. They have to do this on their own. So that makes them become independent. It makes them responsible for their own learning. It is not just the teacher giving and the students sitting back and taking it in. The students have to participate and take an active role. But to give the students the

36、feeling that they are active, they should be active both in and out of the classroom. And students need to have international understanding, which can not be fully got in the classroom. For example, they cannot learn about Iran or about Canada, because it is just words on paper or even words on a sc

37、reen or pictures on a computer. 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1. 以約30詞概括以上短文的主要內(nèi)容； 2. 然后以約120個(gè)詞以“學(xué)習(xí)的變化”為主題寫(xiě)一篇短文，并包括如下要點(diǎn)： （1）談?wù)剬W(xué)習(xí)形式的變化給學(xué)生帶來(lái)的影響； （2）舉一兩個(gè)事例說(shuō)明不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式產(chǎn)生不同的效果； （3）你的看法。 1. 閱讀寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容1可知，要用約30個(gè)詞概括全文內(nèi)容； 2. 閱讀寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容2，帶著主題閱讀文章，形成概要的基本框架：什么事物（Para 1、2: changes in way of learning）、說(shuō)明哪些方面變化（Para 3: create life-long learner

38、s；Para 4: become independent learners；Para 5: active）、特點(diǎn)（Para 6: international understanding及not be fully got in the classroom）； 3. 參照說(shuō)明文描寫(xiě)某事物的性質(zhì)功用型概括段落模板，用兩句話概括如下： In this passage the writer hopes all students will become active, independent and life-long learners. In the process of learning, they

39、should try every means to get a better understanding of the world.如何寫(xiě)好議論文體的概括如何寫(xiě)好議論文體的概括【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練】Passage 1 It seems to be commonly accepted that a punctual person will be a winner everywhere. A punctual person is always one step ahead of others. Often we say plan work and work plan. But if you don

40、t stick on your work punctually, how can you become a better person in your life? Punctuality is essential for man in every walk of life. For students it is a great blessing. If you are punctual youwill get enough time to do your work according to your plan. In hospitals, punctuality can make all th

41、e difference, of course between life and death. If you keep time, you will face fewer difficulties. You need respect and admiration from people who work with you. Everybody likes to work with you. On the contrary an unpunctual person loses peoples respect and trust. He generally causes inconvenience

42、 to others. Punctuality is important everywhere. In business also this is very important. If you want to be a successful businessman, you have to be very particular in keeping time. The failure to keep up an engagement punctually may mean a setback for his business. The necessity of doing our work p

43、unctually should be emphasized more because we live today in a complicated society where each work is dependent on the other. Punctuality being so important in life, it is necessary for every man to cultivate this habit. 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的主要內(nèi)容。 2. 以約120個(gè)詞就“守時(shí)的重要性”為話題發(fā)表你的看法，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括： （1）這篇短文給你的啟示；

44、 （2）以你或你的朋友的一次經(jīng)歷說(shuō)明守時(shí)的重要性； （3）談?wù)劷窈笞约涸撊绾问貢r(shí)？ 閱讀寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容1寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容2，帶著主題閱讀文章，形成概要的基本框架：本文是典型的議論文，第一段為論點(diǎn)，第二、三自然段為論據(jù)，最后一段為結(jié)論，首尾呼應(yīng)。論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論分別為：論點(diǎn)a punctual person will be a winner everywhere 論據(jù)(1) If you keep time, you will face fewer difficulties. (2) Punctuality is important everywhere 結(jié)論P(yáng)unctuality being so impo

45、rtant in life, it is necessary for every man to cultivate this habit. 參照議論文體概括段落模板，概括如下： The passage highlights that punctuality is necessary for any one in every walk of life. He also emphasizes that punctuality plays an important role in life and highly recommends that everyone should cultivate th

46、is habit. Passage 2 In one way of thinking, failure is a part of life. In another way, failure may be a way towards success. The “spider story often told, Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13 th century, was hiding in a cave from the English. He watched a spider spinning a web. The spider tri

47、ed to reach across a rough place in the rock. He tried six times without success. On the seventh time he made it and went to spin his web. Bruce is said to have taken heartand to have gone on to defeat the English. Edison, the inventor of the light bulb, made hundreds of models that failed before he

48、 found the right way to make one. Abraham Lincoln, the famous American president, lost elections more times than he won them! He never gave up in the face of failure but kept trying and was eventually elected to Congress and then the presidency. So what? First, always think about your failure. What

49、caused it? Were conditions rightWere you in top from yourself? What can you change so things will go right next time? Second, is the goal youre trying to reach the right one? Try to do some thinking about what your real goals may be. Think about this question. “If I do succeed this time, where will

50、it get me? This may help you prevent failure in things you shouldnt be doing anyway. The third thing to bear in mind about failure is that its part of life. Learn to “l(fā)ivewith yourself” even though you may have failed. Remember, “You cant win them all.” 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1概括短文的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，該部分字?jǐn)?shù)大約30詞左右； 2以“Is Failur

51、e a Bad Thing”為題寫(xiě)一篇文章，包含以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，該部分的字?jǐn)?shù)大約120詞左右。 （1）失敗是生活中的常事； （2）人們對(duì)失敗所持的不同態(tài)度； （3）你對(duì)失敗的認(rèn)識(shí)。 閱讀寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容1寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容2，帶著主題閱讀文章，形成概要的基本框架：本文是典型的議論文，第一段為論點(diǎn), 第二、三、四自然段為論據(jù)，論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)分別為： 論點(diǎn) Examples were given to prove that failure is not only a part of life but may be a way towards success. 論據(jù)(1) You should always think a

52、bout the causes for your failure. (2) Think about the goal to help you prevent failure.(3) Bear in mind that failure is part of life. 參照議論文體概括段落模板，概括如下： Examples were given to prove that failure is part of life, which paves the way to success on condition that one would reflect on failure positively

53、 and face it courageously.如何構(gòu)思與拓展如何構(gòu)思與拓展 讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)夾敘夾議文體舉例讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)夾敘夾議文體舉例【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練【即時(shí)導(dǎo)練】Passage 1 閱讀下面微博上的短文，然后按要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。 (China Daily) BEIJING Couch potatoes will be able to enjoy TV dramas without interruption once a new regulationcomes into effect next year. The regulations prohibits ads from breakin

54、g up TV dramas, which last 45 minutes on average. The ban was released on Monday by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and goes into effect on Jan 1, 2012. The top broadcasting watchdog (監(jiān)督部門(mén)) is now requiring all TV broadcasters to rearrange their programs and delete ads that ar

55、e scheduled to air in the middle of soapoperas and other dramas. Shi Lan, spokeswoman of Dragon TV in Shanghai, one of the most profitable TV channels in the country, said she and her colleagues are still discussing what changes they can make to keep the loss caused by the ban to a minimum. “Its unr

56、ealistic to say that the restriction wont cost us anything,” said Shi. “But still, we plan to strictly follow the rules.” Other TV channels, among them theInternational Channel Shanghai, which is broadcast in English, and the New Entertainment channel, said they show few TV dramas and therefore expe

57、ct to see little to no effect from the restrictions. 寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容 1以約30個(gè)詞概括新聞內(nèi)容； 2以約120個(gè)字圍繞“禁止電視劇中插播廣告”發(fā)表你的看法； （1）談?wù)勀銓?duì)此禁令的看法； （2）描述一次你在看電視劇時(shí)受廣告干擾的經(jīng)歷；（3）假如你是廣告商，你又有什么看法?A possible version： According to the news, a new rule to ban ads from getting in TV dramas will be put into effect on Jan 1st, 2012. Som

58、e TV channels will be affected while others wont. Having read the news, I cant help keeping applauding for the new ban. How brilliant it is! As is known to us all, many TV audiences often complain about TV dramas that are suddenly interrupted by ads. There is no denying that such ads are annoying. O

59、nce I was absorbed in my favorite TV series Xuebao, the ads came. Whats worse, it appeared every 20 minutes especially when the TV series reached its climax. I had to put up with such interruption. If I were the manager in an advertising company, Id also subscribe to the ban, for it can encourage TV

60、 channels to put audience first. As for the loss, Ill think of other ways of advertising to make up for it. Of course, I sincerely hope another channel will be opened for ads.Passage 2閱讀下面短文，然后按要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。 In addition to teaching here, I also teach at a smaller high school 17 miles down the fr