高考英語考前必背材料匯總

1、高考英語考前必背材料匯總第一類 高考英語單詞陷阱名人名言No one can degrade us except ourselves; that if we are worthy, no influence can defeat us. (B.T.Washington, American educator)除了我們自己以外，沒有人能貶低我們。如果我們堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，就沒有什么不良影響能夠打敗我們。一、一個星期七天1. Monday2. Tuesday3. Wednesday4. Thursday5. Friday6. Saturday7. Sunday二、一年十二個月1. January2. Febru

2、ary3. March4. April5. May6. June7. July8. August9. September10. October11. November12. December三、一年四季1. spring2. summer3. autumn4. winter四、容易拼寫錯的數(shù)字eighth第八ninth第九forty四十twelfth第十二twentieth第二十四、親屬稱呼daughter (女兒)niece (女性晚輩)nephew (男性晚輩)cousin (同輩兄弟姐妹)aunt (女性長輩)uncle (男性長輩)五、以下動詞加-ed或-ing要雙寫最后一個字母reg

3、ret (regretted, regretting) 后悔control (controlled, controlling) 控制admit (admitted, admitting) 承認(rèn)occur (occurred, occurring) 出現(xiàn)prefer (preferred, preferring) 寧愿refer (referred, referring) 提到forget (forgetting ) 忘記permit (permitted, permitting)允許equip (equipped, equipping) 裝備注意：quarrel, signal, travel

4、中的l可雙寫（英國英語）也可不雙寫（美國英語）六、部分過去式和過去分詞不規(guī)則變化的動詞broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 廣播flee (fled, fled) 逃跑forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原諒freeze (froze, frozen) 結(jié)冰hang (作“絞死”講，是規(guī)則的；作“懸掛”講，其過去式過去分詞都是hung)lie (作“說謊”講時，是規(guī)則的；作“位于”講時，其過去式是lay，過去分詞是lain)seek (sought, sought) 尋求shake (s

5、hook, shaken) 發(fā)抖sing (sang, sung) 唱歌sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉spread (spread, spread) 傳播swim (swam, swum) 游泳tear (tore, torn) 撕碎weave (wove, woven) 編織七、意思相近的詞check / examine/ testreceive / acceptdestroy /damage celebrate/ congratulatewear / dress八、注意形容詞變名詞時的拼寫變化longlength 長度widewidth 寬度highheight 高

6、度strongstrength力量九、以-ic結(jié)尾的動詞，應(yīng)先把-ic變?yōu)?ick，再加ing或edpicnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐十、個別名詞的復(fù)數(shù)拼寫German (Germans) 德國人gulf (gulfs) 海灣handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕hero (英雄)，potato (土豆)，tomato (西紅柿) 等有生命的以-o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時要加-es。roof (roofs) 房頂stomach 胃 (其復(fù)數(shù)是stomachs而不是加es)十一、注意動詞變名詞時的拼寫變化succeedsuccess成功prono

7、uncepronunciation 發(fā)音explainexplanation解釋decidedecision 決定enterentrance進(jìn)入permitpermission 允許refuserefusal 拒絕considerconsideration 考慮discoverdiscovery 發(fā)現(xiàn)buryburial 埋葬concludeconclusion 得出結(jié)論arrivearrival 到達(dá)weighweight 重量十二、注意形容詞變副詞時的拼寫變化beautifulbeautifully 美麗的possiblepossibly 可能的practicalpractically 實(shí)

8、際的particularparticularly 特別的successfulsuccessfully 成功的十三、其它必背單abroad 國外absence n. 缺席 (absent adj.)accepted (NMET1997)accident事故 (accidental adj. 偶然的，accidentally adv. 偶然地)achievement成就 (achieve v. 獲得)address地址admire欽佩admitting (2000北京春季卷)agreement 協(xié)議agriculture農(nóng)業(yè) (agricultural adj. 農(nóng)業(yè)的)altogether總共a

9、ncient 古代的announced(NMET1999)anxiety 憂慮 (anxious adj. 焦急的，anxiously adv. 焦急地)apologize v. 道歉 (apology n. 道歉apologetic adj. 道歉的，apologetically adv.道歉地)apologize/apologise (2000全國卷)appreciate感激/欣賞 (感激人用thank sb；謝謝某人做的事用appreciate sth.)Asian(NMET1996)assistant 助手astonish吃驚 (astonishment n. 吃驚，astonishi

10、ng，astonished)astronaut 宇航員atmosphere氣氛attempt嘗試 (可作名詞也可作動詞)attentively 專心地attentively(NMET1996)attitude 態(tài)度attract 吸引 (attraction吸引力)average 平均average(NMET1999)balance平衡beauty 美 (beautiful)believe相信 (belief n. 信念，其復(fù)數(shù)是beliefs)beyond超過biology生物birthday生日bravery 勇敢broadcast(NMET1996)broadcast廣播 (過去式、過去

11、分詞同原形)carefully 小心 (carefully)ceiling天花板celebrated (2000北京春季卷)celebration 慶祝 (celebrate n. 慶祝)century 世紀(jì)challenge 挑戰(zhàn)character 性格charge收費(fèi)cinema電影院comfort v. & n. 安慰 (comfortable adj. comfortably adv.舒適地)comfortably(NMET1997)comment 評論communication 交流competition 競賽 (compete v. 競賽competitor 競賽者)com

12、position 作文concert 音樂會conclude v. conclusion n. 結(jié)論condition情況 (conditions條件)confessing (2000北京春季卷)congratulations 祝賀 (congratulate v.)constantly 不斷地construction(NMET1996)continue繼續(xù)contribution 貢獻(xiàn) (contribute v.)conveniently方便 (convenient adj.)conversation 談話coughing(NMET1997)cousin表兄弟cruelty 殘酷 (cru

13、el adj. cruelly adv.)curious 好奇 (curiosity n. 好奇)curious(NMET1996)customer 顧客customers (2000北京春季卷)custom習(xí)俗damage損壞declared(NMET1999)delicious 美味destroy毀滅 (其過去式是destroyed)determined 有決心的develop發(fā)展 (development n. developing 發(fā)展中的，developed發(fā)達(dá)的)dialogue 對話diary 日記 (dairy 奶制品)difference 不同點(diǎn) (有復(fù)數(shù)形式)disappo

14、inted失望 (disappointing 讓人失望的)disappointment 失望discovery 發(fā)現(xiàn) (其復(fù)數(shù)是discoveries，其動詞是discover，discoverer發(fā)現(xiàn)者)disturb打擾dollar美元(其復(fù)數(shù)是dollars)downstairs樓下dream夢想 (其過去式是dreamed或dreamt)electricity電 (electrical電的，electric 電的)employ 雇用 (employment n. employer 雇主，employee雇員)empty倒空 (可用動詞，其過去式是emptied)encourage鼓勵

15、(encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n.)energy能量envelope 信封envy n. 妒忌 (envious adj.)equal(NMET1998)equipment設(shè)備especially 尤其是essential(NMET1999)European 歐洲人event事件excellent極好 (excellence n. excellently adv.)exhibition(NMET1997)exhibition展覽expense 耗費(fèi)experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn) (experienced 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的)expert 專家expressi

16、on 表達(dá)failure 失敗 (fail v.)familiar(NMET1999)familiar熟悉的favorite 最喜愛的 (即作形容詞也作名詞，作名詞時有復(fù)數(shù))figure人物/數(shù)字finger手指flight飛行forehead前額foreign(NMET1998)fortunately幸運(yùn)地forward向前freezing 極冷的 (frozen 冷凍的)frequently 經(jīng)常地furniture 家具further進(jìn)一步的generally (2000全國卷)geography地理Germany德國government(NMET1996)gradually逐漸地gra

17、duation畢業(yè) (graduate)grammar語法habits (NMET1997)handkerchiefs (2000北京春季卷)honesty 誠實(shí) (honest)honor/honour 榮譽(yù)imagination 想象力 (imagine v.)immediate (2000北京春季卷)immediately馬上impress 印象 (impression n.)incident小事件including包括 (include v.)indispensable (NMET1999)industry工業(yè) (industrial adj. 工業(yè)的)information 信息in

18、spire激勵 (inspiration n. inspiring, inspired)institute學(xué)院instrument 儀器interest 興趣interrupt 打斷interrupt打斷introduce介紹 (introduction n.)irregular 不規(guī)則的journey旅程judge判斷 (judgment)kindergarten幼兒園knowledge 知識labor/labour勞動late1y(NMET1999)laughter笑聲lawyer律師librarian圖書館理員loss損失 (lose, lost 是其動詞形式)luckily幸運(yùn)地mag

19、azine雜志majority (2000北京春季卷)majority大多數(shù)manage 設(shè)法 (manager, management)market(2000全國卷)marriage 結(jié)婚 (marry v. 結(jié)婚，married已婚的)material(s)/cloth(NMET1996)material物質(zhì)/材料mayor市長mean (NMET1999)measure測量medal 獎?wù)?(比較：model 模型)memory記憶力 (memorize v. 記住，remember 記得)messages (2000全國卷)metal 金屬modern現(xiàn)代的modest謙虛的monit

20、or 班長/監(jiān)控moustache 胡子murder謀殺 (murderer 兇手)musician 音樂家mysterious 神秘的 (mystery 神秘)nationality國籍 (nation 國家，national國家的)naturally(NMET1998)naughty 淘氣的necessary(NMET1999)ninth(NMET1998)normal 正常的obey (NMET1997)obviously明顯的offering (2000全國卷)operation手術(shù)opportunity 機(jī)會ordinary 普通的organized/organised(NMET19

21、96)particularly 特別是passenger 旅客passengers(NMET1999)patience耐心 (patiently)patient病人/耐心perfect 完美 (perfectly)performed(2000北京春季卷)perhaps 或許period 時期permission許可persuaded(NMET1996)phenomena 現(xiàn)象physicist 物理學(xué)家pilots (2000全國卷)poisonous 有毒的 (poison)political 政治的 (politics)popular受歡迎的population人口position 職位p

22、ossibility(-ies)可能性 (possible 可能的)poverty 貧窮 (poor)poverty貧窮practical (NMET1997)preparing(NMET1998)pressure(NMET1997)pretend假裝professor 教授profit 利潤progress進(jìn)步pronunciation (2000北京春季卷)provide 提供 (比較：offer, supply)public 公眾purpose目的quality(NMET1996)quantity數(shù)量realistic(NMET1997)receive 收到recently(NMET19

23、99)recognised/recognized(NMET1999)recognize 認(rèn)出 (recognition 承認(rèn))regards 問候remind提醒repeat (repetition)重復(fù)respect尊敬restaurant 餐館restaurants(NMET1999) satisfaction滿意 (satisfy, satisfied, satisfying)satisfactory 滿意的Saturday(NMET1998)scientific 科學(xué)的scientific科學(xué)的secretary秘書secretly (2000北京春季卷)separately單獨(dú)地se

24、parates (NMET1998)serious 嚴(yán)重的 (seriously)service服務(wù)shortcoming缺點(diǎn)silence 安靜 (silent)similar (2000北京春季卷)similar 類似的 (similarity ies相似之處)situation形勢/情況slightly(2000全國卷)society 社會 (social adj. 社會的)southern(2000全國卷)special特別的species 物種 (單復(fù)數(shù)同形)spring(NMET1997)square 平方stolen(2000全國卷)straight(NMET1997)suita

25、ble合適的support支持surprise吃驚surround 包圍swimming(NMET1998)technique 技術(shù) (technical adj.)technology技術(shù)temperature溫度theory 理論thirsty口渴thorough (NMET1997)total合計traffic 交通translated(NMET1998)translation 翻譯 (translator翻譯家，interpret 解說, interpreter 口語翻譯)umbrella(NMET1999)umbrella傘unusually不尋常 (unusual不尋常的)unwi

26、lling 不愿意 (willing adj. 愿意 will n. 意志)upstairs(2000全國卷)upstairs樓上vacation假期various各種各樣的 (variety n. 種類)victim受害者victory勝利vocabulary詞匯voyage航行waste (NMET1999)wealth財富weather(NMET1998)whisper 低語worship崇拜youth年輕人 (復(fù)數(shù)加-s)zero 零第二類 高考英語經(jīng)典十口訣名人名言I might say that success is won by three things: first, effo

27、rt;second, more effort;third, stillmore effort. Thomas Hardy, British poet and novelist可以說成功要靠三件事才能贏得：努力、努力、再努力。英國詩人、小說家哈代.T.口訣1要求跟不定式的動詞“要想干，同意辦，愿意不愿意，決定盡量干?！盿要求，想要，希望(want, wish, hope, expect, intend, mean)b同意(agree, promise)c意愿(care, hate, refuse)d決定，企圖(determine, decide, offer, attempt, try, man

28、age)口訣2要求跟隨動名詞的動詞(1)“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃), mind, miss, enjoy, give up,admit,avoid,finish,escape,practise. (2)“makes (a) fit speech”mind,avoid,keep,enjoy,suggest/finish,imagine,thinkabout,spend,practise,excuse,escape,can't help口訣3 有些動詞跟不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時省去了to，其口訣是：一覺二聽三讓四看,五觀察。一覺：feel二聽：hear、listen to三讓

29、：let、have、make四看：notice、see、watch、look at五觀察: observe倒裝口訣口訣4 i drop caps” 在某些表示請求、命令、建議等動詞后面的賓語從句中，謂語動詞要用動詞原形或should+動詞原形。iinsist, ddemand, rrequest/require/recommend, oorder, ppropose, ccommand, aadvise, ppreqersic, ssuggest.口訣5有些動詞用過去完成時，常表示“想做而未做”的意思?？汕捎浧涫鬃譃榻M成的“withspem”，代表：wish,intend,think,hipe

30、,suppose,plan,expect,mean口訣6例裝副詞開頭要例裝，人稱代詞則如常。only修飾副介狀，位于句首半倒裝。否定意義副連詞，“既不也不”須倒裝。表語前置主語長，銜接自然常倒裝。such代詞做表語，引起主謂要倒裝。Not only開頭句，前一分句須倒裝。had，were，should虛擬句，省略if半倒裝?？谠E7當(dāng)名詞有多個形容詞修飾時，下面的口訣可幫你記住這一先后順序。限定描繪大長高，形狀年齡和新老；顏色國籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠；口訣8lie lay lain躺lay laid laid放下；產(chǎn)蛋l(fā)ie liedlied撒謊，這幾個詞在拼寫上很容易混淆，有人編了這樣的口訣

31、：規(guī)則的“撒謊”，不規(guī)則的“躺”，“躺”過就“下蛋”，“下蛋”不規(guī)則。“規(guī)則”指規(guī)則變化，“不規(guī)則”即不規(guī)則變化，如lie作“撒謊”解時，是規(guī)則變化，即其過去式和過去分詞直接加-d；“躺過”的“過”指的是過去式，即lie的過去式lay是“下蛋”的原形；“下蛋”是不規(guī)則變化。口訣9分開“一段時間”， some time表示“一段時間”；相聚“在某一時”，sometime表示“在某一時”；“有時”相聚加s，sometimes表示“有時，不時”；“幾次”分開帶s，sometimes表示“幾次，次數(shù)”?？谠E10短文改錯（一） 見到謂語找主語，主謂一致找狀語見到名詞想多數(shù)，可不可數(shù)要記牢見到平

32、行看結(jié)構(gòu)，形式功能要對稱見到代詞找指代，指代通常不合理小小of常抓的點(diǎn)，of前名詞adj最高級（二）謂與非謂經(jīng)常混謂語句中就一個其余動詞非謂語常見形式有三種ving ved 和to do主賓通常ving現(xiàn)在分詞表主動過去分詞表被動目的要用不定式改錯要想拿高分語法口訣要記牢第三類 高考英語作文模版名人名言To choose time is to save time .( Francis Bacon , British philosopher )合理安排時間就是節(jié)約時間 。( 英國哲學(xué)家 培根. F.)對比觀點(diǎn)題型（1）    要求論述兩個對立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自

33、己的看法。1    有一些人認(rèn)為。2    另一些人認(rèn)為。3    我的看法。The topic of -（主題）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of -（支持A的理由一）What is mor

34、e,-理由二). Moreover, -(理由三).While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),-（理由二）.Thirdly (finally),-(理由三).From my point of view, I think -（我的觀點(diǎn)）. The reason is that -(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain

35、 my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .（2）    給出一個觀點(diǎn)，要求考生反對這一觀點(diǎn)Some people believe that -（觀點(diǎn)一）. For example, they think-（舉例說明）And it will bring them -(為他們帶來的好處).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,-(我不同意該看法的理由一). For another t

36、hing,-(反對的理由之二)Form all what I have said, I agree to thethought that -(我對文章所討論主題的看法)闡述主題題型要求從一句話或一個主題出發(fā)，按照提綱的要求進(jìn)行論述    闡述名言或主題所蘊(yùn)涵的意義    分析并舉例使其更充實(shí)The good old proverb -（名言或諺語）reminds us that -(釋義). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.First of all,-(理由一).

37、For example, -(舉例說明). Secondly,-(理由二). Another case is that -(舉例說明).Furthermore , -(理由三) In my opinion, -(我的觀點(diǎn)). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say-A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, youll necessarily benefit a lot from it.解決方法題型要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑  &#

38、160; 問題現(xiàn)狀    怎樣解決(解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))In recent days, we have to face I problem-A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, -(說明的現(xiàn)狀)Second, -(舉例進(jìn)一步說明現(xiàn)狀)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -(解決方法一). For anoth

39、er-(解決方法二). Finally, -(解決方法三).Personally, I believe that -(我的解決方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future isawaiting us because -(帶來的好處).說明利弊題型這種題型往往要求先說明一下現(xiàn)狀，再對比事物本身的利弊，有時也會單從一個角度（利或弊）出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度（或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A(yù)測）    說明事物現(xiàn)狀    事物本身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)（或一方面） &

40、#160;  你對現(xiàn)狀（或前景）的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First -(的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一). Besides -（的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之二）.But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages

41、is that -(的第一個缺點(diǎn))To make mattersworse,-(的第二個缺點(diǎn))Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to -(我的看法)(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the

42、 circumstances we are in. Only by this way, -(對前景的預(yù)測)議論文的框架 (1) 不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型（ 選擇型 ）There is a widespread concern over the issue that _作文題目. But it is well known that the opinion concerning t

43、his hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 觀點(diǎn)一_. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows:

44、 in the first place, _原因一_.Furthermore, in the second place, _原因二_. So it goes without saying that _觀點(diǎn)一_. People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeoplehold the idea that_觀二_. I

45、n their point of view, on the one hand， _原因一_.  On the other hand, _原因二_. Therefore, thereis nodoubtthat _觀點(diǎn)二_.  As far as I am concerned, Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat 

46、_觀點(diǎn)一或二_.Itis not only because _, but also because _. The more _, the more _.   （2）利弊型的議論文 Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_作文題目_. In fac

47、t, there are both advantages and disadvantages in _題目議題_. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, _優(yōu)點(diǎn)一_.  And se

48、condly _優(yōu)點(diǎn)二_.  Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", _討論議題_ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To be

49、gin with, _缺點(diǎn)一_. In addition,  _缺點(diǎn)二_.  To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of _討論議題_ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum

50、60;at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the _討論議題_.( 3 ) 答題性議論文   Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the

51、0;issue that)_作文題目_ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.

52、60;  As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, _途徑一_. In addition, another way contributing to success of

53、 the solving problem is _途徑二_.   Above all, to solve the problem of _作文題目_, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I&#

54、160;would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, _方法_.( 4 ) 諺語警句性議論文   It is well know to us that the proverb: " _諺語 has a

55、 profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means _諺語的含義_. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as 

56、;follows. ( also theoretically )    A case in point is _例子一_. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the p

57、roverb _諺語_.     With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical 

58、;use to stick to the saying: _諺語_. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and

59、60;job.圖表作文的框架     as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage inthetable(graph/picture/pie/chart), _作文題目的議題_ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/s

60、teadily rising/decreasing from_ in _ to _ in _. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _.Thereareatleasttwogoodreasons accounting for _.

61、 Ontheonehand, _. Ontheotherhand,_ isduetothefactthat _.Inaddition, _ isresponsiblefor _.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow _.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonly convincing. AsfarasIamconcerned,I hold the&#

62、160;point of view that _. Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.第四類 高考英語作文經(jīng)典范文名人名言No one can degrade us except ourselves; that if we are worthy, no influence can defeat us. (B.T.Washington, American educator)除了我們自己以外，沒有人能貶低我們。如果我們堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，就沒有什么不良影響能夠打敗我們。為了大家能更多的得到寫作部分的25分，我

63、們特精選了以下范文，希望同學(xué)們務(wù)必研讀背誦！（尤其注意：文中劃線部分為該體裁的套話； 黑體部分為寫作中的經(jīng)典表達(dá)。）May you succeed in the coming college entrance examination. 參與報社等討論稿（帶手機(jī)利弊）Dear Editor:引出話題 Im a senior three student. Im writing to tell you my opinion on whether middle school students can go to school with mobile phones. 贊成I think they can

64、 do that. Because students can keep in touch with their friends and family wherever they are. Besides, the mobile phone is a way to have fun.      反對 However, every coin has 2 sides. There are some problems with using mobile phones. The ring of phones can disturb teachers and stud