高考地理 技法點撥——氣候 1 (490)

1、Module 2Developing and Developed Countries 第一板塊重點單詞第一板塊重點單詞1. measure vt. 測定測定; 測量測量; 評估評估; 有有長長(寬、高等寬、高等) n. 尺寸尺寸; 措施措施(1)be measured by/in用用來衡量來衡量(2)make. . . to ones measure 按某人的尺寸做按某人的尺寸做take measures(to do sth. )采取措施采取措施(做某事做某事)【誤區(qū)點撥】【誤區(qū)點撥】(1)measure表示表示“措施措施”時時, 常用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。常用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)measure表示表示“

2、某物有某物有長長(寬、高等寬、高等)”時時, 為不及為不及物動詞物動詞, 其后接表示事物長其后接表示事物長(寬、高等寬、高等)的名詞的名詞, 不用于不用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時態(tài)被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時態(tài); 如果此意義的短語作后置定語如果此意義的短語作后置定語, 要用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。要用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】【即時訓(xùn)練】單句語法填空單句語法填空(2016北京高考北京高考)Although these _(measure) are not effective forever, they are vital for now. The number of them is less than 1, 000,

3、so I hope you can take some effective measures _(protect) them. measuresto protectThe new bridge under construction, _ (measure) twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed next month. 完成句子完成句子In the old days, my mother always made new clothes _with Spring Festival coming. 過去過去, 媽媽在春節(jié)來臨時總是為

4、我量身做新衣服。媽媽在春節(jié)來臨時總是為我量身做新衣服。measuringto my own measure2. position n. 位置位置; 姿勢姿勢; 地位地位; 職務(wù)職務(wù), 職位職位in a(n). . . position處于處于地位地位/位置位置in/out of position在在/不在恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢貌辉谇‘?dāng)?shù)奈恢胋e in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金錢或權(quán)力而因有能力、金錢或權(quán)力而)能做某事能做某事hold the position of. . . 擔(dān)任擔(dān)任的職務(wù)的職務(wù)take up (ones) position 就位就位【即時訓(xùn)練】【即時訓(xùn)練

5、】完成句子完成句子(2016四川高考四川高考)Students _will be keeping live statistics during basketball games. 處于這一位置的學(xué)生要在籃球比賽期間實時記錄數(shù)處于這一位置的學(xué)生要在籃球比賽期間實時記錄數(shù)據(jù)。據(jù)。in this positionWhen I know all the facts, Ill be _to advise you. 在我了解所有的事實之后在我了解所有的事實之后, 我就能給你提出建議了。我就能給你提出建議了。At present she _company manager. 她現(xiàn)任公司經(jīng)理。她現(xiàn)任公司經(jīng)理。i

6、n a positionholds the position ofIf you were in my position, you would have sympathy for those poor children. 譯譯: 如果你如果你_, 你也會同情那些可憐的孩你也會同情那些可憐的孩子。子。身在我的處境身在我的處境【熟詞生義】【熟詞生義】His remarks showed that he misunderstood my position on the question. (position意為意為: _)態(tài)度態(tài)度, 立場立場【易混辨析】【易混辨析】表示表示“處境處境”的同義詞辨析的同

7、義詞辨析position表示與其他地點相對而言的某個位置表示與其他地點相對而言的某個位置; 同同時表示社會地位高、工作較為莊重、領(lǐng)取時表示社會地位高、工作較為莊重、領(lǐng)取工資的職位工資的職位state表示狀況、情況時表示狀況、情況時, 常用單數(shù)形式常用單數(shù)形式, 與冠詞與冠詞連用連用, 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成in a(n). . . state/in the state of, 指指人或物在環(huán)境、外觀、心靈、健康等方面人或物在環(huán)境、外觀、心靈、健康等方面的情形或狀況的情形或狀況condition表示表示“情況情況, 情形情形, 條件條件”, 常指人或事物常指人或事物目前的情況目前的情況, 常用復(fù)數(shù)常用復(fù)數(shù);

8、表表“狀況狀況”時為時為不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞situation尤指處于某時期的狀況、處境、局面、尤指處于某時期的狀況、處境、局面、形勢形勢; 指各種具體情況綜合起來的狀態(tài)指各種具體情況綜合起來的狀態(tài), 多指危急或重大的事態(tài)多指危急或重大的事態(tài), 強(qiáng)調(diào)外部因素對強(qiáng)調(diào)外部因素對該事態(tài)的影響該事態(tài)的影響, 常用作單數(shù)形式常用作單數(shù)形式3. figure n. 數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字; 圖形圖形; 人物人物; 身材身材 vt. 計算計算; 認(rèn)為認(rèn)為; 描繪描繪(1)a key figure一個關(guān)鍵人物一個關(guān)鍵人物keep ones figure保持身材保持身材(2)figure that. . . 認(rèn)為認(rèn)為figu

9、re on期待期待, 指望指望; 依靠依靠; 計劃計劃, 打算打算figure out算出算出, 想出想出, 理解理解, 斷定斷定, 解決解決figure in把把計算計算/考慮在內(nèi)考慮在內(nèi)【即時訓(xùn)練】【即時訓(xùn)練】完成句子完成句子(2016浙江高考浙江高考)Children may have greater ability_things than scientists. 孩子們比科學(xué)家更有能力弄清楚事物。孩子們比科學(xué)家更有能力弄清楚事物。I wonder how Mary has _(保持身保持身材材)after all these years. By working out every da

10、y. to figure outkept her figure【巧學(xué)助記】【巧學(xué)助記】figure一詞多義一詞多義 4. crowded adj. 擁擠的擁擠的(1)be crowded with擠滿了擠滿了(2)crowdn. 人群人群v. 擠滿擠滿, 擁擠擁擠a crowd of一群一群, 一堆一堆【即時訓(xùn)練】【即時訓(xùn)練】Several boys were crowded around Chad, who declared with a proud smile that he sold six dozen the day before. (改錯改錯)(_)crowded改為改為crowdi

11、ngToday, as the worlds urban population explodes, and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded. 譯譯: 今天今天, 隨著世界城市人口的劇增隨著世界城市人口的劇增, _。城市變得越來越擁城市變得越來越擁擠擠, (樓房樓房)越來越高了并且更擁擠了越來越高了并且更擁擠了完成句子完成句子There are many video game houses near schools. These places _boys and girls. 學(xué)校附近有很多電子游戲廳學(xué)校附近有很多電子游戲

12、廳, 這些地方經(jīng)常擠著許多這些地方經(jīng)常擠著許多男孩和女孩。男孩和女孩。are always crowded with_lookers-on were there doing nothing to help. 一大群旁觀者在那兒袖手旁觀。一大群旁觀者在那兒袖手旁觀。A large crowd of第二板塊?？级陶Z句式第二板塊?？级陶Z句式1. up to直到直到; 達(dá)到達(dá)到; 到到為止為止; 忙于忙于; 勝任勝任; 由由決決定定be up to. . . 勝任勝任; 正在做正在做live up to不辜負(fù)不辜負(fù), 做到做到It is up to sb. to do sth. 該由某人做某事該由某人

13、做某事It is up to you隨你的便隨你的便; 由你來決定由你來決定【即時訓(xùn)練】【即時訓(xùn)練】寫出黑體部分的含義寫出黑體部分的含義(2016北京高考北京高考)California condors are North Americas largest birds, with wing-length of up to 3 meters. ( )He hasnt seen any elephant up to the present day. ( )多達(dá)多達(dá)直到直到I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations. ( )完

14、成句子完成句子Dont worry. He _the job you offered him. 不用擔(dān)心不用擔(dān)心, 他能勝任你為他提供的這份工作。他能勝任你為他提供的這份工作。不辜負(fù)不辜負(fù)is up toShall we have red wine or white? _! 我們來點紅酒還是白酒我們來點紅酒還是白酒? 你看著辦吧你看著辦吧! Its up to you2. make efforts努力努力 spare no effort不遺余力不遺余力without effort不費力地不費力地, 容易地容易地in an effort to do sth. 試圖做成某事試圖做成某事【即時訓(xùn)練】

15、【即時訓(xùn)練】完成句子完成句子(2016上海高考上海高考)Humans have _to slow down global warming. 人類一直繼續(xù)努力以減緩全球變暖。人類一直繼續(xù)努力以減緩全球變暖。We should _to make up for the lost time. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)不遺余力地把失去的時間補(bǔ)回來。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)不遺余力地把失去的時間補(bǔ)回來。made continuouseffortsspare no effort_clean up quickly, Mrs Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan. 為了盡快收拾干凈

16、為了盡快收拾干凈, Mrs Byrnes把所有的盤碟都丟進(jìn)把所有的盤碟都丟進(jìn)了一個烤面包的大鍋里。了一個烤面包的大鍋里。In an effort to【知識拓展】【知識拓展】“盡一切努力做某事盡一切努力做某事”的表達(dá)法還有的表達(dá)法還有: try/do ones best to do sth. do all that sb. can to do sth. do what sb. can to do sth. 3. Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7. 挪威高居榜首挪威高居榜首, 而美國則排在第七。而美國則排在

17、第七。(1)while作為并列連詞作為并列連詞, 表示對比轉(zhuǎn)折表示對比轉(zhuǎn)折, 意為意為“而而, 然而然而”。(2)while作為從屬連詞作為從屬連詞, 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句, 意為意為“當(dāng)當(dāng)時候時候”; 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 意為意為“盡管盡管, 雖然雖然”。(3)while用作名詞用作名詞, 表示表示“一會兒一會兒”?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】【即時訓(xùn)練】寫出下列句子中寫出下列句子中while的含義的含義(2016北京高考北京高考)For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active

18、, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. ( )然而然而(2016江蘇高考江蘇高考)While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together. ( )He wrote his first novel while studying in a university. ( )盡管盡管當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r候的時候4. Its an agreement between towns or cities of similarsize and age, and which have similar features such as tourism, industry, culture and entertainment. 這是大小和歷史相似的城鎮(zhèn)或城市之間的協(xié)議這是大小和歷史相似的城鎮(zhèn)或城市之間的協(xié)議, 這些城這些城鎮(zhèn)或城市有共同的特點鎮(zhèn)或城市有共同的特點, 如旅游業(yè)、工業(yè)、文化和娛樂如旅游業(yè)、工業(yè)、文化和娛樂等。等。(1)be of+抽象名詞抽象名詞= be+該名詞對應(yīng)的形容詞形式該名詞對應(yīng)的形容詞形式(2)be of+much/some/no/a little, etc