牛津高中英語M1U1單詞

1、enjoyableaffording satisfaction or pleasure同義詞： pleasurableThe hotel staff spared no pains to ensure that our stay was as enjoyable as possible.旅館工作人員對我們照顧得無微不至，盡量讓我們住得舒適experience名詞 experience:1. the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activitiesI

2、know from my own experience how difficult the work can be.從我自己的經(jīng)驗我明白這項工作會有多難。2. the content of direct observation or participation in an eventIt was a most educational experience I had ever had.這是我有過的教育意義最大的一次經(jīng)歷之一。動詞 experience:1. go or live through同義詞：undergo, see, go throughWe learn from the past,

3、 experience the present and hope for success in the future.我們從過去中學(xué)習(xí)，體驗現(xiàn)在，展望未來的成功。experienced adj.assemblya group of persons gathered together for a common purposethe social act of assembling同義詞：gatheringconference: 正式用詞，一般指大型會議，如政府工作會議、國際學(xué)術(shù)交流會議、各國之間的協(xié)商、會談等。congress: 指國會、議會、代表大會等機構(gòu)，尤指經(jīng)選舉產(chǎn)生的國家立法機構(gòu)的大會或

4、由這些機構(gòu)召開的大會，也可指專業(yè)人員代表大會。assembly: 多指一個通常有許多人參加、計劃好的，為某一特殊目的而召集的會議。meeting: 普通用詞，詞義廣泛。指一般性的會議，可用于任何場合。council: 在國際上多指由各國代表參加的政治會議，或常設(shè)的政治機構(gòu)。在國內(nèi)、地方上，此詞多指常設(shè)的政務(wù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機構(gòu)，如市政委員會等。gathering: 指兩人以上的聚會或集會，強調(diào)非正式性。People have the rights of assembly and expression.人們有集會和發(fā)表言論的權(quán)利。headmasterpresiding officer of a school

5、同義詞：schoolmaster, masterThe headmaster praised the boys for their neat turn-out.校長表揚男同學(xué)服裝整齊。earn同義詞：gain, take in, clear, make, realize, realise, pull in, bring inacquire, obtain, gain, get, win, earn, secure這些動詞均含“獲得、取得、得到”之意。acquire: 強調(diào)通過不斷的、持續(xù)的努力而獲得某物，也指日積月累地漸漸地獲得。書面語用詞。obtain: 較正式用詞，著重通過巨大努力、要求而

6、得到所需或盼望已久的東西。gain: 側(cè)重指經(jīng)過努力或有意識行動而取得某種成就或獲得某種利益或好處。get: 普通用詞，使用廣泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要經(jīng)過努力。win: 主要指通過努力、斗爭、比賽等而獲得勝利。earn: 側(cè)重指依靠自己的勞動或因付出代價與有功而獲得。His skill in negotiating earned him a reputation as a wise man.他的談判技巧使他贏得了智者的名聲。respect名詞the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded

7、)If they had any respect for human life they wouldn't do such terrible things.他們?nèi)绻€顧及人的生命就不會做出這樣可怕的事來。(usually preceded by in') a detail or point同義詞：regardin respect of指“在方面，涉及”，而with respect to指“關(guān)于”。In respect of style this essay is much better than that.在格式方面，這本書比那本好多了。With respect to the

8、question of style this book has not much to say.關(guān)于這本書的格式問題沒有什么可說的。動詞show respect towardsI deeply respect her courage.我深深敬佩她的勇氣。admire, honour, respect, regard這些動詞均含“尊重、欽佩”之意。admire: 側(cè)重指對某人或某物的仰慕、欽佩，并含欣賞愛慕之情。honour: 側(cè)重指對某人或某物表示極大的敬意。respect: 指對人的行為、品德、才華或成就等的仰慕尊重。尤指對年長或地位高的人的尊敬。regard: 最正式用詞，中性，含義不很明

9、確，一般需用修飾語加強或明確其意。devotegive entirely to a specific person, activity, or causeHe started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.他開始研究生態(tài)學(xué)，并決心將他的一生獻身于這門科學(xué)。He devoted himself entirely to music.他將一生奉獻給了音樂。be devoted toliteraturecreative writing of recognized artistic valueTh

10、is book is titled An Introduction to American Literature.這本書名為美國文學(xué)指南。average形容詞approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value同義詞：meanThe average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.本班男生的平均年齡是十五歲。lacking special distinction, rank, or status; commonly encountered同義詞：ordinaryHe is

11、 just an average boy in this class.他在這個班里只不過是一個普普通通的男孩子。名詞a statistic describing the location of a distributionThe average of 4,6 and 8 is 6.4,6, 8的平均數(shù)是6。on average 平均說來There are 40 students in one class on average.平均每個班級有40個學(xué)生。struggle名詞an energetic attempt to achieve something同義詞：battleThe poor ma

12、n is trying to do fine in the struggle for a better life.那個可憐的人一直想要在為更好的生活而奮斗的過程中做的好。an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)同義詞：conflict, battleSeveral people were hurt in the struggle.在打斗中，有幾個人受傷。動詞make a strenuous or labored effort同義詞：fightHe struggled to control his temper.他努力控

13、制住自己的脾氣。battle, war, campaign, struggle, warfare, fight, combat這些名詞均有“戰(zhàn)斗，戰(zhàn)爭”之意。battle: 側(cè)重指戰(zhàn)爭中的一次較全面、時間較長的戰(zhàn)斗，也指陸軍或海軍在某一特定地區(qū)進行的戰(zhàn)斗，或個人之間的爭斗。war: 是戰(zhàn)爭的總稱，一般指包括多個戰(zhàn)役的大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)爭。campaign: 通常指在一場大的戰(zhàn)爭中在某一地區(qū)進行的一連串有既定目的的軍事行動。也可作引申用。struggle: 指激烈或時間持續(xù)長的戰(zhàn)斗或奮力斗爭。warfare: 側(cè)重指戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)或具體的作戰(zhàn)方法。fight: 最普通用詞，含義廣，指戰(zhàn)斗、斗爭或打斗。comba

14、t: 泛指軍事行動，尤指小規(guī)模的戰(zhàn)斗，甚至是格斗。challengingdisturbingly provocativea mentally challenging problem or puzzle腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎一個考驗智力的問題或難題encouragementthe expression of approval and supportYour encouragement made me more confident of my future.你的鼓勵使我對我的未來更加有信心。encourage sb. to do sth.encouraging encouragedcookingthe act

15、 of preparing something (as food) by the application of heatI've had some training in cooking.我受過些烹飪訓(xùn)練。cook cookerfor freewithout payment同義詞：free of chargeThese pictures can be kept for free. You may take whichever you like.這些畫可免費擁有。你喜歡哪一幅就拿哪一幅。extramore than is needed, desired, or requiredThe t

16、eacher disciplined the class by giving them extra homework.那教師布置額外的家庭作業(yè)來處罰學(xué)生。fondhaving or displaying warmth or affectionA fond mother may spoil her child.溺愛的母親可能會寵壞她的孩子。be fond ofHe was fond of drawing when he was a child.他還是個孩子時就喜歡畫畫。Volleyball is a sport of which I am very fond.排球是我很喜歡的運動。Spanish

17、名詞1. the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by SpainHis mother tongue is Spanish.他的母語是西班牙語。2. the people of Spain同義詞：Spanish peopleHe is a typical Spanish.他是一個典型的西班牙人。形容詞of or relating to or characteristic of Spain or the people of SpainHe is one of the Spanish doct

18、ors.他是一名西班牙醫(yī)生。Spainsculpturecreating figures or designs in three dimensionsThe sculptor is working on a sculpture of Venus.那個雕刻家正在雕一個維納斯雕像。sculpturaldesserta dish served as the last course of a meala dessert of sliced fruit, ice cream, and toppings.盛有冰淇淋、奶油、水果的甜食look back (on)1. look towards one'

19、;s back同義詞：look backwardLooking back the way we had come, we could see the whole valley spread out behind us.回頭看來路時，我們可以看見整個河谷展現(xiàn)在身后。2. look back upon (a period of time, sequence of events); remember同義詞：reviewI like to look back on my high-school days, which were the happiest in my life.我喜歡回顧我的中學(xué)時代，那

20、是我生命中最快樂的時光。satisfactionthe contentment you feel when you have done something rightLooking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction.觀賞一幅美麗的圖畫使人心滿意足。satisfaction: 滿足，為名詞，指達到希望時所感覺到的較強的滿足感，其形容詞為satisfactory（指事物，不可用人作主語）或satisfied（可用人作主語）。His success gave me great satisfaction.他的成功令我非常滿意。Y

21、our work is satisfactory.你的工作令人滿意。I am satisfied at/with your success.我對你的成功感到滿意。surfride the waves of the sea with a surfboard同義詞：surfboardIf the waves are big enough, we'll go surfing.如果浪夠大的話，我們就去沖浪。look around casually and randomly, without seeking anything in particular同義詞：browsesurf the int

22、ernet上網(wǎng)沖浪academicassociated with academia or an academyIt's a matter of academic concern.那是學(xué)術(shù)方面的事。academy academicallyexchangea mutual expression of views (especially an unpleasant one)We exchanged our opinions about the event at the meeting.在會上，我們就此事交換了意見。the act of changing one thing for anoth

23、er thingThey exchanged caps.他們倆交換帽子。exchange.with表示“和某人交換某物”，而exchange.for則表示“以某物換取某物”；in exchange for表示“交換，對換”，常用于give/get/receive后。 I should like to give my pen in exchange for yours. I should like to get/receive your pen in exchange for mine.錯句: He exchanged dollars with RMB.訂正: He exchanged doll

24、ars for RMB.翻譯: 他用美元換人民幣。分析: exchange.with表示“和某人交換某物”，而exchange.for才表示“以某物換取某物”。formerreferring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)Jane and Mary are good friends; the former is a teacher, the latter is a nurse.珍和瑪麗是好朋友，前者是老師，后者是護士。the former表示“前者”，

25、the latter表示“后者”，兩者相對，只可用于兩個人或物之間；former Mayor表示“前任市長”，而former Ambassador表示“前任大使”，這種former的用法多見于美國，英國人習(xí)慣用ex-來表示“前任的”。graduate動詞receive an academic degree upon completion of one's studiesHe graduated as an M.D. at Edinburgh.他畢業(yè)于愛丁堡大學(xué)，獲得醫(yī)學(xué)博士學(xué)位。graduate from名詞a person who has received a degree from

26、 a school (high school or college or university)He is a graduate in medicine.他是醫(yī)科畢業(yè)生。graduationfluentsmooth and unconstrained in movementShe likes him all the better for his fluent spoken English.正因為他操一口流利的英語，她更愛他。She is fluent in English.她熟練掌握英語。fluently fluencypaintinggraphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface同義詞：pictureLooking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction.觀賞一幅美麗的圖畫使人心滿意足。drawing, cartoon, picture, painting, portrait這些名詞都表示“畫，圖”之意。drawing: 指用線條或色彩繪成的圖畫。carto