法律英語(yǔ)單詞表

1、LESSON 1Contract law 合同法Property law財(cái)產(chǎn)法Trust law信托法Tort law侵權(quán)法Constitutional law憲法Criminal law刑法Administrative law行政法International law國(guó)際法Financial derivative market金融衍生產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)Personal property動(dòng)產(chǎn)Real property不動(dòng)產(chǎn)Security擔(dān)保（復(fù)數(shù)形式證券）Precedent先例Substantive law實(shí)體法Procedural law程序法Public law公法Private law私法Crim

2、inal law刑法Civil law民法，大陸法Common law普通法Self defense自我防衛(wèi)Duress強(qiáng)迫Stare decisis遵循先例Jurisdiction司法管轄權(quán)/法域The Exchequer財(cái)政訴訟法院The Kings bench王座法院Common pleas普通訴訟法院Manorial courts領(lǐng)地法院Baronial courts男爵法院Admirals(maritime) courts海事法院Guild同業(yè)行會(huì)，行會(huì)Forest courts王室獵場(chǎng)法院Writ書(shū)面命令，令狀Law report判例匯編Findings of law對(duì)適用法律的裁

3、決Determinations of fact對(duì)事實(shí)的決定Canon law教會(huì)法Natural law自然法Positivism實(shí)證主義Codification法典化The Core of Hammurabi漢謨拉比法典LESSON 3Federalism聯(lián)邦制Trial court初審法院Good behavior廉潔行為Municipal court市鎮(zhèn)法院，市法院Misdemeanor輕罪Ordinance條例County court縣法院Constitutional court憲法設(shè)立的法院Legislative court立法機(jī)關(guān)設(shè)立的法院U.S. district court美國(guó)

4、聯(lián)邦地區(qū)法院U.S. court of appeal美國(guó)聯(lián)邦上訴法院U.S. supreme court美國(guó)聯(lián)邦最高法院Courts of limited jurisdiction有限管轄權(quán)法院Courts of general jurisdiction一般管轄權(quán)法院Appellate courts上訴法院LESSON 4Ultra vires 越權(quán)Constitutionality合憲性Privy Council樞密院Referendum公民復(fù)決Unitary state單一制國(guó)家The Charter of Fundamental Right of the European Union 歐

5、盟基本權(quán)利憲章The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 世界人權(quán)宣言Ratified經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)的，經(jīng)認(rèn)可的Sheriff郡長(zhǎng)Warrant手令，授權(quán)狀Trespass侵害之訴Codified constitution法典化的憲法Uncodified constitution 非法典化的憲法Intergovernmental body政府間的機(jī)構(gòu)Bicameral兩院制的LESSON 5Capital punish 死刑Corporal punishment肉刑，身體刑Caning鞭笞Incarcerate監(jiān)禁Koran古蘭經(jīng)Duty of care注意義務(wù)

6、Recklessness放任Wrongfulness不正當(dāng)性Murder謀殺Manslaughter非預(yù)謀殺人罪Causation因果關(guān)系Beyond a reasonable doubt排除合理懷疑Strict liability嚴(yán)格責(zé)任Actus reus犯罪行為Mens rea 犯罪意圖LESSON 6Civil case民事案件Criminal trial刑事案件Confrontation clause對(duì)質(zhì)條款Secret trial秘密審判Written statements書(shū)面陳述Public trial公開(kāi)審判Sexual assaults性侵犯Cross-examine交叉詢問(wèn)

7、Indigent defendant赤貧被告人Arraignment傳訊Bail保釋LESSON 7Specific performance實(shí)際履行Injunction禁令，禁制令Detriment損失，損害Bargain交易條件，協(xié)議Peppercorn rule胡椒子規(guī)則Consideration對(duì)價(jià)Guardian監(jiān)護(hù)人Preexisting duty rule即有義務(wù)原則Mutual assent合意Offer要約Acceptance承諾Contract implied in fact事實(shí)默示合同Contract implied in law法律默示合同Promissor允諾人Prom

8、isee受諾人Past consideration過(guò)去的對(duì)價(jià)Express contract明示合同Lmplied contract默示合同Bilateral contract雙務(wù)合同Unilateral contract單務(wù)合同Executorycontract待履行的合同Executedcontract已履行的合同Void contract無(wú)效合同Voidable contract可撤銷合同Unenforceable contract不可強(qiáng)制履行的合同LESSON 8Tort侵權(quán)行為Wrong不法行為T(mén)ortfeasor侵權(quán)行為人，不法行為人False imprisonment非法監(jiān)禁De

9、famation污蔑，誹謗，中傷Reasonable care合理的注意Recovery賠償額，賠償金Cause of action訴因Warranty擔(dān)保，保證Proximate cause近因Strict liability嚴(yán)格責(zé)任Trespass侵犯，侵害之訴Detain扣留，抵押Libel書(shū)面誹謗Slander口頭誹謗Contractual duty合同義務(wù)Monetary compensation金錢(qián)賠償Privacy隱私Constitutional rights 憲法性權(quán)利Quasi-tort準(zhǔn)侵權(quán)Negligence過(guò)失侵權(quán)，過(guò)失Intentional torts故意侵權(quán)LESS

10、ON 9Creditor債權(quán)人Stakeholder利益相關(guān)者Firm企業(yè)Partnership合伙，合伙企業(yè)Trust信托Pension fund養(yǎng)老基金，退休基金Corporation limited by shares股份有限公司Company limited by guarantee擔(dān)保有限責(zé)任公司Close corporation封閉公司Public corporation公眾公司Professional corporation專業(yè)公司Non-for-profit corporation非營(yíng)利性公司Insolvent無(wú)力償還者Insurance policy保單，保險(xiǎn)單Policy-

11、holder保單持有者Beneficiary受益人Insurable interest可保利益Subsidiary子公司Pierce the corporate veil揭開(kāi)公司面紗Bankruptcy破產(chǎn)Dividends股息，紅利，股利Authorized share capital授權(quán)資本Memorandum of association公司組織大綱Articles of incorporation 公司設(shè)立章程By-laws內(nèi)部管理細(xì)則LESSON 10Custom習(xí)慣，慣例Bilateral treaty雙邊條約Multilateral treaty多邊條約Customary law習(xí)慣法I