國際護(hù)士協(xié)會護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則

1、國際護(hù)士協(xié)會護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則TheICNCodeofEthicsforNursesAninternationalcodeofethicsfornurseswasfirstadoptedbytheInternationalCouncilofNurses（ICN）in1953.Ithasbeenrevisedandreaffirmedatvarioustimessince,mostrecentlywiththisreviewandrevisioncompletedin2000.1953年，國際護(hù)士協(xié)會（ICN）首次采用國際護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則，其間已經(jīng)多次修訂，本準(zhǔn)則為2000修訂之最新版本。1Pre

2、ambleNurseshavefourfundamentalresponsibilities：topromotehealth,topreventillness,torestorehealthandtoalleviatesuffering.Theneedfornursingisuniversal.Inherentinnursingisrespectforhumanrights,includingtherighttolife,todignityandtobetreatedwithrespect.Nursingcareisunrestrictedbyconsiderationsofage,colou

3、r,creed,culture,disabilityorillness,gender,nationality,politics,raceorsocialstatus.Nursesrenderhealthservicestotheindividual,thefamilyandthecommunityandco-ordinatetheirserviceswiththoseofrelatedgroups.一、前言護(hù)士4項(xiàng)基本職責(zé)：促進(jìn)健康，預(yù)防疾病，恢復(fù)健康和減輕痛苦。護(hù)理需要是全球性的。護(hù)理的本質(zhì)就是尊重人權(quán)，包括生存權(quán)、享受個人尊嚴(yán)及受尊重的權(quán)利。護(hù)理不因年齡、膚色、宗教、文化、殘障或疾患、性別

4、、國藉、政治、種族或社會地位而受限制。護(hù)士為個人、家庭及社區(qū)提供健康服務(wù)，并與相關(guān)團(tuán)體互相協(xié)作提供服務(wù)。THECODE道德準(zhǔn)則TheICNCodeofEthicsforNurseshasfourprincipalelementsthatoutlinethestandardsofethicalconduct.國際護(hù)士協(xié)會護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則由四項(xiàng)基本原則組成，是護(hù)士行為的職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。ElementsoftheCode準(zhǔn)則內(nèi)容1. Nursesandpeople護(hù)士與民眾Thenursesprimaryprofessionalresponsibilityistopeoplerequiringnurs

5、ingcare.Inprovidingcare,thenursepromotesanenvironmentinwhichthehumanrights,values,customsandspiritualbeliefsoftheindividual,familyandcommunityarerespected.ThenurseensuresthattheindividualreceivessufficientinformationonThenurseholdsinconfidencepersonalinformationandusesjudgmentinsharingthisinformatio

6、n.Thenurseshareswithsocietytheresponsibilityforinitiatingandsupportingactiontomeetthehealthandsocialneedsofthepublic,inparticularthoseofvulnerablepopulations.Thenursealsosharesresponsibilitytosustainandprotectthenaturalenvironmentfromdepletion,pollution,degradationanddestruction.護(hù)士之基本責(zé)任是照顧那些需要照顧的民眾。

7、護(hù)士在提供護(hù)理時，要推動建立一個尊重個人、家庭及社會人權(quán)、價值觀、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣及信仰的護(hù)理環(huán)境。護(hù)士確保個人獲得作出同意護(hù)理及相關(guān)治療決定時所需的足夠信息。護(hù)士應(yīng)對個人資料保密，并判斷可否分享資料。護(hù)士與社會共同承擔(dān)責(zé)任，采取并支持行動，滿足公眾特別是弱勢群體的健康及社會需要。護(hù)士分擔(dān)責(zé)任，維持和保護(hù)自然環(huán)境，使其不致枯竭、免受污染、退化或破壞。2. Nursesandpractice3. 護(hù)士與實(shí)踐Thenursecarriespersonalresponsibilityandaccountabilityfornursingpractice,andformaintainingcompetence

8、bycontinuallearning.Thenursemaintainsastandardofpersonalhealthsuchthattheabilitytoprovidecareisnotcompromised.Thenurseusesjudgementregardingindividualcompetencewhenacceptinganddelegatingresponsibility.Thenurseatalltimesmaintainsstandardsofpersonalconductwhichreflectwellontheprofessionandenhancepubli

9、cconfidence.Thenurse,inprovidingcare,ensuresthatuseoftechnologyandscientificadvancesarecompatiblewiththesafety,dignityandrightsofpeople.護(hù)士承擔(dān)護(hù)理操作的個人義務(wù)與責(zé)任的護(hù)士，有義務(wù)和責(zé)任通過不斷學(xué)習(xí)保持自己的專業(yè)能力。護(hù)士要保持個人健康，確保護(hù)理能力不受損害。護(hù)士根據(jù)個人能力接受或授權(quán)責(zé)任。護(hù)士時刻保持良好的專業(yè)形象，增強(qiáng)公眾信任。護(hù)士在護(hù)理時確保先進(jìn)科技的應(yīng)用符合民眾的安全、尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)利需要。4. Nursesandtheprofession護(hù)士與專業(yè)The

10、nurseassumesthemajorroleindeterminingandimplementingacceptablestandardsofclinicalnursingpractice,management,researchandeducation.Thenurseisactiveindevelopingacoreofresearch-basedprofessionalknowledge.Thenurse,actingthroughtheprofessionalorganisation,participatesincreatingandmaintainingequitablesocia

11、landeconomicworkingconditionsinnursing.護(hù)士是決定和實(shí)施公認(rèn)的臨床護(hù)理、管理、科研和教育標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的主導(dǎo)者。護(hù)士要積極建立以科研為基礎(chǔ)的專業(yè)知識體系。護(hù)士通過專業(yè)團(tuán)體參與建立和維護(hù)護(hù)理領(lǐng)域公平的社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)工作條件。5. Nursesandco-workers護(hù)士與合作者Thenursesustainsaco-operativerelationshipwithco-workersinnursingandotherfields.Thenursetakesappropriateactiontosafeguardindividualswhentheircareisend

12、angeredbyaco-workeroranyotherperson.護(hù)士與護(hù)理及其他領(lǐng)域的合作者保持合作關(guān)系。當(dāng)護(hù)理受到合作者或其他人危害時，護(hù)士要采取適當(dāng)行動保護(hù)護(hù)理對象。SuggestionsforuseoftheICNCodeofEthicsforNursesICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則實(shí)施建議TheICNCodeofEthicsforNursesisaguideforactionbasedonsocialvaluesandneeds.Itwillhavemeaningonlyasalivingdocumentifappliedtotherealitiesofnursingandhealt

13、hcareinachangingsociety.ToachieveitspurposetheCodemustbeunderstood,internalisedandusedbynursesinallaspectsoftheirwork.Itmustbeavailabletostudentsandnursesthroughouttheirstudyandworklives.國際護(hù)士協(xié)會護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則是根據(jù)社會價值和需要制訂的行動指南。它只有在不斷變化的社會中、通過護(hù)理及健康保健現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，才能發(fā)揮它的作用。要達(dá)到這一目的，護(hù)士必須理解、接受準(zhǔn)則，并將其應(yīng)用到各項(xiàng)護(hù)理工作中。準(zhǔn)則必須貫穿

14、于學(xué)生及護(hù)士的學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活中。ApplyingtheElementsoftheICNCodeofEthicsforNursesICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則的應(yīng)用ThefourelementsoftheICNCodeofEthicsforNurses：nursesandpeople,nursesandpractice,nursesandco-workers,andnursesandtheprofession,giveaframeworkforthestandardsofconduct.Thefollowingchartwillassistnursestotranslatethestandardsin

15、toaction.Nursesandnursingstudentscantherefore：StudythestandardsundereachelementoftheCode.Reflectonwhateachstandardmeanstoyou.Thinkabouthowyoucanapplyethicsinyournursingdomain：practice,education,researchormanagement.DiscusstheCodewithco-workersandothers.Useaspecificexamplefromexperiencetoidentifyethi

16、caldilemmasandstandardsofconductasoutlinedintheCode.Identifyhowyouwouldresolvethedilemma.Workingroupstoclarifyethicaldecisionmakingandreachaconsensusonstandardsofethicalconduct.Collaboratewithyournationalnursesassociation,co-workers,andothersinthecontinuousapplicationofethicalstandardsinnursingpract

17、ice,education,managementandresearch.學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)則各要素的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。思考每項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的意義，考慮如何將準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)用于護(hù)理領(lǐng)域中：實(shí)踐、教育、科研或管理。與合作者和其他人討論準(zhǔn)則。以特定經(jīng)歷為例，認(rèn)識職業(yè)道德所面臨的困境及準(zhǔn)則規(guī)定的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，找出擺脫困境的可能方法。通過小組討論澄清職業(yè)道德決策，達(dá)成職業(yè)行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共識。與本國護(hù)士協(xié)會、合作者及他人合作，在護(hù)理實(shí)踐、教育、管理及科研中不斷應(yīng)用護(hù)理職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。DisseminationoftheICNCodeofEthicsforNursesICN護(hù)士職業(yè)道德準(zhǔn)則的傳播TobeeffectivetheICNCodeofEthic

18、sforNursesmustbefamiliartonurses.Weencourageyoutohelpwithitsdisseminationtoschoolsofnursing,practisingnurses,thenursingpressandothermassmedia.TheCodeshouldalsobedisseminatedtootherhealthprofessions,thegeneralpublic,consumerandpolicymakinggroups,humanrightsorganisationsandemployersofnurses.國際護(hù)士協(xié)會護(hù)士職業(yè)

19、道德準(zhǔn)則必須為護(hù)士所熟知以發(fā)揮作用。我們鼓勵向護(hù)理學(xué)校、執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士、護(hù)理新聞機(jī)構(gòu)及其他大眾傳媒傳播準(zhǔn)則。準(zhǔn)則還應(yīng)向其他保健界人士、普通大眾、消費(fèi)者、決策機(jī)構(gòu)、人權(quán)組織以及護(hù)土雇主進(jìn)行傳播。GlossaryoftermsusedintheICNCodeofEthicsforNurses詞語解釋Co-operativerelationshipAprofessionalrelationshipbasedoncollegialandreciprocalactions,andbehaviourthataimtoachievecertaingoals.Co-workerOthernursesandother

20、healthandnon-healthrelatedworkersandprofessionals.NurseshareswithsocietyAnurse,asahealthprofessionalandacitizen,initiatesandsupportsappropriateactiontomeetthehealthandsocialneedsofthepublic.PersonalhealthMental,physical,socialandspiritualwell-beingofthenurse.PersonalinformationInformationobtainedduringprofessionalcontactthatisprivatetoanindividualorfamily,andwhich,whendisclosed,mayviolatetherighttoprivacy,causeinconvenience,embarrassment,orharmtotheindividualorfamily.RelatedgroupsOthernurses,healthcareworkersorotherprofessionalsprovidingservicetoanindividual,familyor