主謂一致導(dǎo)學(xué)案精華版

1、Lesson :主謂一致導(dǎo)學(xué)案高二職高版班級(jí)生名【第一課時(shí)】主謂一致：句子的 與主語(yǔ)在和一致。主謂一致的三個(gè)原則：1. 語(yǔ)法一致：主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與其相呼應(yīng)2. 意義一致：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的概念，而不取決于表面的語(yǔ)法標(biāo)志，主要表現(xiàn)為某些集體名詞后可跟動(dòng)詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。如果這些集體名詞 指整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指具體成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。3. 就近原則：是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于離它最近的詞語(yǔ)，而無(wú)須考慮其他的 詞（一）由and或bothand連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用復(fù)數(shù)。The sin ger and the write_ _（be）amous to man

2、y young people.1）由and連接的并列主語(yǔ)，如果主語(yǔ)是同一人，同一物，同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，否則用復(fù)數(shù)（注意冠詞）The sin ger and dan cer（be） on the stage.2）用and連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整體 ,如：bread and butter, knife and fork等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)（由兩個(gè)部件配成的物品），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).A kn ife and fork is（be） used to have meals.3）由each, every, no, many a許多）所修飾的名詞，即使用and連接作，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞用單數(shù)。e g.1Ea

3、ch man and woma nthe same rights.A. hasB. have C. hadD. is hav ing2. Many a man（believe）the story.（二）由集體名詞，如 group, family, class, government, team, public, enem等作主語(yǔ) 時(shí)，如果看成一個(gè)整體（強(qiáng)調(diào)整體），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如果看成其中各成 員，（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體）則用復(fù)數(shù)形式.注意：集體名詞為people, police, cattle謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式The teamsome good players. （have）The teamhan

4、 dsome. （be）The police（be）search ing for the thief.（三）不定代詞 everybody, anybody，everyone nobody，somebody anything, nothing, something everything, no one, no body ,each, the other當(dāng)這些詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Nothi ngdifficult in the world if you set your mi nd to it .【練習(xí)】I.Both he and Iright.(be)2.Mr Black and Mrs

5、Blacka son called Tom.(have)3 His teacher and friend_(be)a beautiful girl.4The poet and writer(be)co ming.5.The professor and writer speaking at the meeting.(be)6. Each man and each woma nin vited to the party.(be)7.ln our country every boy and every girl the right to receive18. Everythi ngnice in y

6、our garde n.(be)19. Anyoneforbidde n to smoke here.(be)【第二課時(shí)】(四) 當(dāng)用作主語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞由 or, either -or , neither-nor或not onlybut also , not but連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常與臨近的名詞或代詞保持一致。1. Not only you but also theywrong, (is/are)educati on .(have)8.Each man and each woman(be)asked to help.9.Our family (is, are) not poor any mo

7、re.10. He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.11. My family(be) big one.12. My family(be)watchi ng TV.13. His familysmall but the familyadva need workers ( be)14. The family sitting at the breakfast table.(be)15. A lot of people dancing outside. (be)16. The police looking for lost boy

8、. (be)2. Neither you nor heright. (is/are)3. Either Peter or Henrygoing to win.(五) 由there或here引導(dǎo)的句子，主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致.I. There two shops and a cinema beside the railway station.(is/are)17.Some onelook ing for you.(be)2. Here _ a map and a han dbook for you. (is/are)（六）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面接說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的修飾語(yǔ),如 wi

9、th,together with,(和一起）；along with (同一道)；as well as（既又)；rather than（寧愿）；except, besides, like, but, including, like,in additi on to（另外）其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)不受修飾成分的影響，仍保持同主語(yǔ)一致的關(guān)系，由 主語(yǔ)的單、復(fù)數(shù)而定。1. The teacher with two stude ntsat the meet ing . (was / were)2. Mr. Black ，as well as two women,at the office.( be)3. Th

10、eteachers with two stude ntsat the meet ing . (was / were)4. E-mail, as well as the teleph on es, an importa nt part in dailycom muni cati on.A. is playi ng B. have played C. are playi ng D. play(七)表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在表示單位數(shù)量用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通 常被看作整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。1. A milli on dollars _(is/are) really a lot of mon e

11、y.2.Sixty years a long time.3. Three thousand miles a long distanee.4. Fifty kilogrammes not too heavy to be carried.4. There(be) a book and some pen cils on the desk.5. Either Jim or they(be) going to sha nghai n ext Saturday6. Not only Ann but also her parents( stay) at home every Sun day.7. Not o

12、n ly Ann's pare nts but also she(stay) at home every Sun day.8. There(be) two apples and one egg in it.9. Here(be)a letter and some books for you.10. The teacher with his studentsgoing to visit the museum.(be)11. Nobody but two boys (be)late for class.12. He as well as Iabsent from the meeting.(

13、be)13. Twe nty years(be) not a long time.14. Te n dollars(be) too dear.15. Thirty dollarstoo high a price for the book. (be)16. A no ther 10 yearspassed since he left. (have)17. Fiftee n mileslike a long walk to me. (seem)【練習(xí)】1. Either you or he right. (be)2. Neither the children nor the teachers an

14、ything about it. ( know)3. There(be) some pen cils and a book on the desk.【第三課時(shí)】(八)由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)或a lot of, lots of, plenty of等+名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要根據(jù)這個(gè)名詞或代詞來(lái)確定其謂動(dòng)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：I. Twe nty perce nt of the workers in the factory(be)wome n.2. Altogether more tha n 70 perce nt of the surface of our planet(be)coveredby water

15、.(九)在“one o復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形 式；但是若前有the only,將其限定為只有一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.2. Tom is the only one of the stude nts whogood at play ing football.(十)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由不定式、動(dòng)名詞或疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的句子充當(dāng)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。1) .To hold the Olympic Gamesa rich prize for a coun try. (be)2) . Choos ing what to eatno Ion ger as easy as it once w

16、as.3) What we n eedmore time and more materials.What we n eedteachers.(由 what, who, why, how, whether等引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，但 所指的具體內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)意義，則可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式.)(十一一) 名詞女口 ： trousers, scissors,clothes,goods, glasses等作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)但這類表示成雙的東西的名詞前有a pair of修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。女口 ：Therea pair of shoes in the box.The trouserscle

17、a nin g.( need)(十二)形復(fù)意單 名詞如：news;以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱如：physics, mathematics;國(guó)名如:the United States;報(bào)紙名如:the New Times;等作主 語(yǔ)；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)如：News(be) very importa nt to our daily life.(十三)none都不閑neither可以復(fù)數(shù)也可以單數(shù)具體看語(yǔ)境后加不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)必須用單數(shù)None of them has/have arrived yet.None of this money is mine.主謂一致記憶口訣?單單復(fù)復(fù)最常見，集體名詞謂用單。?如

18、若強(qiáng)調(diào)其成員，復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)記心間.? 有些名詞謂常復(fù),people, police, catties這般?主語(yǔ)單數(shù)后接介，謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)介無(wú)關(guān).? many a作主語(yǔ)也如此，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單? or, nor, but also, there be近主原則掛嘴邊.【練習(xí)】1.It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors(be)wome n.2. Three -ourths of the surface of the earth(be) sea.3. Forty perce nt of the workbee n done.( have)4. Tom is one o

19、f the boy stude nts in our class who(be)ofte n late.5 .Tom is the only one of the boy students in our class who(be)often late.6.To hold the Olympic Gamesis a rich prize for a coun try. (be).7That pair of trousersto me.(bel ong)8.Heresome new pairs of shoes.(be)綜合練習(xí)1、Mathematicsthe Ianguage of scienc

20、e.(be)2、Many a studentEnglish.(love)3、Theremany books and a pen on the desk.(be)4、More than one examplenecessaryto make the students understand thisrule clearly.(be)5、Nobody but Janethe secret.(know)6、No boy and no girladmitted.(be)7、On the beda pair of socks.(be)8、Professor Smith, along with his as

21、sistants,working on the project day andni ght to meet the deadli ne.(be)9、Three glasses of waterwhat I want.(be)10、Those kinds of fruitcheap.(be)11、Books of this kindwell.(sell)12、Not only I but also Jane and Marytired of hav ing one exam in ati on afterano ther.(be)13、When and where to build the ne

22、w factoryyet.(decide)14、Two thirds of Tom friends(be) poor and two thirds of his money(go) to these poor frie nds.19、He is the only one of the students whoa winner of scholarship for three years.A. is B. are C. have been D. has been20、As you can see, the number of cars on roadsrising these days.A. w

23、as keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping21、 All the employees except the managerto work online at home.A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged22、Those whoto go with me, please raise your han ds.A. wants B. want C. wanting D. are wanting23. There (be)one or two things I '

24、 d like to know about.24. A kn ife and fork (cost)te n dollars.25. One hun dred years (be )not a long time in huma n history.26. The league Secretary and mon itorasked to make a speech at the meeti ngA. is B . are C. has D. were27. Each man and each womanasked to attendA. are B. is C. has D. were28.

25、 Many a studentseen this paintingA. has B. have C. is seen D. sees29. Tom as well as two of his classmatesinvited to the partyA. Was B. were C. has D. have30. Mary as well as her sistersChinese in ChinaA. are studying B. have studiedC studies D. study31. I, who_ your teacher, will try my best to help you with your studyA. be B. am, C. are D. is32. The richnot always happyA. are B. is C. has D. have33. He is the only one of the students whoelectedA. are B. have C. has D. is34. Ten thousand dollarsmore than I can affordA. has been B have