高中英語句法大全-簡單句和并列句

1、高中英語句法大全-簡單句和并列句 句子的種類概說1.按使用目的，句子可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。1）陳述句（Declarative Sentences）：說明一個事實或陳述一種看法。例如：   Light travels faster than sound.光比聲傳播速度快。（說明事實）   The film is rather boring.這部電影很乏味。（說明看法）2）疑問句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出問題。有以下四種：   a. 一般疑問句（General Questions）：

2、   Can you finish the work in time? 你能按時完成工作嗎？   b. 特殊疑問句（Wh-Questions）：  Where do you live?你住那兒？   c. 選擇疑問句（Alternative Questions）：  Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶還是要咖啡？   d. 反意疑問句（Tag-Questions）：  He doesnt know her, does he? 他不認識她，對不對？3）祈使句（Imper

3、ative Sentences）：提出請求，建議或發(fā)出命令。例如： Dont be nervous!別緊張！4）感嘆句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示說話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒。例如： What good news it is!多好的消息??！2.句子按其結構可以分為以下三類：1）簡單句（Simple Sentences）：只包含一個主謂結構句子叫簡單句。例如：She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜歡集郵。2）并列句（Compound Sentences）：包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結構的句子叫并列句，句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接。例如

4、：   The food was good, but he had little appetite. 食物很精美，但他卻沒什么胃口。3）復合句（Complex Sentences）：包含一個主句和一個或幾個從句的句子叫復合句，從句由從屬連詞引導。例如：   The film had begun when we got to the cinema. 我們到達電影院的時候，電影已經(jīng)開演了。3.基本句型：英語中千變萬化的句子歸根結底都是由以下五種基本句型組合、擴展、變化而來的：1）主 + 動（SV）例如：I work.我工作。   

5、; 2）主 + 動 + 表（SVP）例如：John is busy.約翰忙。3）主 + 動 + 賓（SVO）例如：She studies English.她學英語。4）主 + 動 + 賓 + 補（SVOC）例如：Time would prove me right. 時間會證明我是對的。5）主 + 動 + 間賓 + 直賓（SVOiOd）例如：My mother made me a new dress.我母親給我做了一件新衣裳。簡單句和并列句一.概念 (一)簡單句由一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語(或并列謂語)所構成的句子叫簡單句，其結構是主語+ 謂語。(二)并列句由并列連詞把兩個或兩個

6、以上的互相關連而又互相獨立的獨句(即簡單句)連在一起而構成的句子叫并列句。其結構是：簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句常用的連詞有and,but,or not only.but also,neither.nor,either.or 二.相關知識點精講(一)簡單句 1.主語、謂語在人稱與數(shù)上的一致性。       and連接兩個并列主語時為復數(shù)，謂語動詞也相應地使用復數(shù)形式，但：       (1)如果and連接的兩個名詞是不可數(shù)名詞且前面都沒有冠詞，若兩個詞表示一個事物或一個概念，謂語

7、動詞要用單數(shù)；如果兩個詞表示的是兩個事物或兩個概念，謂語動詞則要用復數(shù)。       (2)如果and連接的是兩個可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞，前一個有冠詞，后一個沒有冠詞，意味著一個人或 事物，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。        (3)當and連接的兩個名詞前都有each，every，many a，no等單數(shù)概念的限定詞修飾時(第二個名詞前的修飾詞有時可以省略)，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。  2.陳述句與疑問句的轉換。3.選擇疑問句。4.反意疑問句。(1)陳述句+省略問句(2)祈使句+附加

8、疑問句(3) 反意疑問句的回答(二)并列句   并列句分為:聯(lián)合并列句,轉折并列句,選擇并列句和因果并列句1. 聯(lián)合并列句常由并列詞and, not onlybut also.等連接如: Use your hand, and youll find a way.2. 轉折并列句常由并列連詞but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等連接如:I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.3. 選

9、擇疑問句常由并列連詞or, otherwise, eitheror,等連接如:Either you leave this house or Ill call the police4. 因果并列句由并列連詞so, for, therefore 等連接.如: it was late, so we went home.5. 在”祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結構中,當前后兩部分間為承接關系時,用and;前后意思為相反關系時,用or.可將前面的祈使句轉換成由if引導的條件狀語從句,但必須將and 或or 去掉.如: Hurry up, and well be there in time.= If we

10、 hurry up, well be there in time.6. because和so; although, though和but 不能連用三.鞏固練習1. I dont suppose anyone will volunteer,?       A. do I     B. dont I     C. will they     D. wont they 2. help if you can,and our

11、country will improve       more quickly and better.        A. Giving     B. Give      C. Given      D. To give 3. Lucy,you wash the dishes, ?  Mom,cant Lily do it? I

12、ts her turn to do it.        A. dont you    B. can you    C. shall you    D. will you4. I will not take an umbrella with me today.   it rains later on in the day?       A. How  

13、60;   B. What      C. How about      D. What if 5. You ought to stay up late tonight, you?  Yes. Ive got too much homework.        A. cant      B. shouldnt    &

14、#160; C. mustnt      D. wont6. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul,?       A. can it     B. cant it      C. can they      D. cant they7. There used to b

15、e a church in the small town,?       A. used there  B. usednt there          C. used it    D. usednt it8. She isnt your neighbour,        is she?    .   &#

16、160;    A. Yes,she isnt   B. No,she is        C. Yes,she is    D. No,isnt she9. to be a PLA soldier when I was young.   And now you are.        A. How I wanted  B. How did I want  

17、     C. What I wanted   D. What did I want10. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,was very reasonable.    A. which price   B. the price of which   C. its price     D. the price of that 11. After ten years,she chang

18、ed a lot and looked different fromshe used to be.    A. that        B. whom        C. what        D. who12. is known to everyone,the moon travels round the earth once every month.  

19、;  A. It        B. As        C. That        D. What   13. Hes got himself into a dangerous situationhe is likely to lose control over the plane.    A. where  &#

20、160;   B. which      C. while      D. why14. Information has been put forwardmore middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.    A. while      B. that      C. when&

21、#160;     D. as  15. What the doctors really doubt ismy mother will recover from the serious disease soon.    A. when      B. how      C. whether      D. what  16. The students of the m

22、usic school study .    A. music but also some other subjects    B. some other subjects as well as music   C. music as well as some other subjects    D. some other subjects and music17. air is to man,so is water to fish.    A. Since   &

23、#160;    B. Just        C. Like        D. As 18. There is plenty of rain in the south there is little in the north.    A. while        B. as     

24、   C. when        D. so  19. several times about it,but he could not give the correct answer.    A. Being asked   B. Having been asked   C. He would ask    D. He had been asked 20. I dont like chicken fish

25、.    I dont like chicken,I like fish very much.    A. and； and     B. and； but     C. or； but      D. or； and21. the days went on,the situation there got worse.    A. With     

26、0;  B. Since        C. While        D. As 22. everybody is here,lets set out right away.    A. Now that     B. Because     C. For     D. After  

27、23. The science of medicine,progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.    A. to which    B. in which    C. which   D. with which24. We must do the experiment carefully Miss Liu told us.    A. wha

28、t       B. since       C. as       D. while  25. Tony will never forget these days she lived in China with her mother,has a great effect on her life.    A. that； which   B. when； which

29、   C. which； that     D. when； that 26. I know,they will go to Beijing to watch the Olympic Games in 2008.    A. Since     B. So far as     C. In case      D. As if 27. Who do you think the docto

30、r will havefirst,John or Kate?   A. examine    B. to examine    C. examining    D. examined28. What are you anxious about?   .    A. Whether we can succeed     B. If we succeed   C. Do we succeed 

31、;             D. That we can succeed29. You should put the dictionary you can find it easily.    A. where      B. the place     C. the place on which  D. what30. She said to me,“Ill tel

32、l you the result of the testI know it. ”   A. because    B. the moment    C. after    D. though31. Grandpa used to tell us something about the “Cultural Revolution” he had time to spare.    A. as soon as     B. as&#

33、160;    C. so that     D. whenever32. Li Fang is very busy,shes always helping others with their lessons.    A. but        B. although        C. so      &#

34、160; D. for  33. Getting a right job can be difficult the students prepared to deal with the job interview.    A. if；wont   B. unless；will   C. unless；are      D. if；are 34. Everything depends onthey will support you about it.   

35、A. if        B. which        C. whether        D. that   35. She won the first prize in the speech contest and surprized us.    A. which      

36、60; B. it        C. as        D. who  36. The Oscar is one of the film prizes offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far.    A. which is not    B. that have not been   C. that has not

37、60;    D. that has not been37. He made another wonderful discovery, of great importance to science.    A. which I think is   B. which I think it is   C. which I think it    D. I think is 38. Its really very dangerous. One more step,the baby

38、 will fall into the well.    A. or          B. so          C. but          D. and  39. She is American, she knows little about American history.  

39、;  A. so          B. yet          C. and          D. therefore40. Information technology is taught in most schools,we have entered the information society. 

40、0;  A. so          B. while          C. still          D. for 41. Helen must obey her parents.    Oh,she must, ?   A. must she  &#

41、160;  B. mustnt she    C. shouldnt she    D. should she 42. John must be in the chemistry lab, ?   A. mustnt he    B. neednt he     C. isnt he     D. shouldnt he 43. It was quite a long time I made it out what had happened.    A. after      B. before      C. when      D. since  44. the text a second time,the meaning will become