閱讀長難句這樣分析,才對(duì)路

1、1. For example, adolescent boys are more likely to buy computer games than any other group, so it makes sense to make computer game ads that appeal to this group.【句式翻譯】例如，進(jìn)入青春期的男孩子就可能比任何其他人群更愿意購買電腦游戲，因此，針對(duì)這個(gè)目標(biāo)群體制作有吸引力的電腦游戲廣告是有意義的?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫且粋€(gè)含有so引導(dǎo)表示結(jié)果的復(fù)合句，同時(shí)又含有一個(gè)than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】1)likely adj. 可能的

2、，常用于句型：sb/sth be likely to do= it is likely that 可能Hes very likely to send me an email tonight.=Its very likely that hell send me an email tonight. 很可能他今晚會(huì)給我發(fā)電子郵件。2) make sense 有意義；講得通；make sense of 理解I cant follow these instructions - they dontmake sense.我不理解這些指示-根本講不通嘛。We read the sentence through

3、, but could not make sense of it.我們我們把句子看了一遍, 但不明白它說些什么。3) appeal to 吸引；appeal to sb. for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth 呼吁某人干某事；求助于Blue and red appeal to me, but I dont like gray or yellow.我喜歡藍(lán)色和紅色, 而不喜歡灰色或黃色。Jack sincerely appealed to his friends to support him.杰克真切地向朋友請(qǐng)求支持。We can appeal to the websi

4、te for the information we need.我們可以在網(wǎng)上查找我們需要的信息?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】本句中的than any other，意為“比其他任何一個(gè)”，所談?wù)摰膶?duì)象在比較的范圍之內(nèi)；若不在范圍之內(nèi)，則不用 other。如：China is larger than any other country in Asia.中國比亞洲任何別的國家都大。China is larger than any country in Africa.中國比非洲的任何國家都大。2.The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and th

5、e younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively.【句式翻譯】年輕人越多接觸經(jīng)濟(jì)問題、越早地了解這些問題，他們就更有可能成為有責(zé)任感的、早作打算的成年人，能夠有信心地、有效地管理自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。【句式分析】本句含有“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”的句式，同時(shí)又含有一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞adults?！?/p>

6、詞語點(diǎn)撥】1) expose vt.揭露；使暴露；be exposed to 暴露于；接觸We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers.我們一定要向報(bào)社揭露這一無恥行徑。We should allow children to be exposed to new ideas.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)讓孩子們接觸新思想。2）manage v.設(shè)法對(duì)付；管理manage to do 設(shè)法做成We need people who are good at managing.我們需要擅長管理的人。He managed to send the tourist

7、s to the airport in time.他設(shè)法把游客及時(shí)送到機(jī)場。【語法點(diǎn)撥】“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”，表示“越越”。如：The more we get together, the happier well be.我們?cè)绞嵌嗑蹠?huì), 我們?cè)娇鞓贰?.She found that kids praised for“trying hard” did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being“smart”.【句式翻譯】她發(fā)現(xiàn)因?yàn)?/p>

8、努力被表揚(yáng)的孩子比因?yàn)槁斆鞅槐頁P(yáng)的孩子在考試中表現(xiàn)得更好，更愿意承擔(dān)困難的任務(wù)?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪浜幸粋€(gè)than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】take on 承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.他一向樂于挑重?fù)?dān)。The chameleon can take on the colour of its background.變色龍可呈現(xiàn)出與其背景相同的顏色?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】當(dāng)我們要對(duì)兩個(gè)人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，就采用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成：形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+than+比較成分，意思是：“更些”或“較”。In a word,

9、practice is far more important than book knowledge.一句話，實(shí)踐遠(yuǎn)比書本知識(shí)重要。4.He worked there through his school and university years until 1942, a year after he had gained a Masters degree at university in chemistry.【句式翻譯】他讀中學(xué)和大學(xué)的那段時(shí)間都在那里工作，一直到1942年，也就是他在大學(xué)里獲得化學(xué)碩士學(xué)位后的那一年?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪浜幸粋€(gè)after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句中運(yùn)用了過去完成

10、時(shí)態(tài)?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】gain vt.（經(jīng)過努力）獲得，取得We gain knowledge by practicing again and again.我們從反復(fù)訓(xùn)練中獲取知識(shí)。They realized that passing the exam was no longer enough to gain a place at university.他們認(rèn)識(shí)到僅僅通過這個(gè)考試，并不能確保在大學(xué)獲得一席之位。【語法點(diǎn)撥】過去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：had done，表示“過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過去的過去”。表示過去某一時(shí)間可用by, before, afte

11、r等構(gòu)成的短語，也可用when, before等引導(dǎo)的從句或通過上下文表示。 如：His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the gift hehad long expected.當(dāng)她終于收到她盼望已久的禮物時(shí)，她興奮得兩眼閃光。By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.12歲時(shí)，愛迪生就已經(jīng)開始自己謀生了。5. By the end of the century, we will have discovered other place

12、s in our solar system suitable for living and we will have discovered ways to go further into space.【句式翻譯】到本世紀(jì)末，我們將會(huì)在太陽系中發(fā)現(xiàn)其他適合人類居住的星球，并將發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行更遠(yuǎn)空間探索的方法?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫怯刹⒘羞B詞and連接的復(fù)合句，句中運(yùn)用了將來完成時(shí)態(tài)?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】suitable adj.合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)臉?gòu)成短語：be suitable for 適合They dont think this article is suitable for publication.他們認(rèn)為這篇文

13、章不宜發(fā)表。John wanted to change over to a more suitable job.約翰想換一個(gè)更加適合的工作?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】將來完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：will have done，表示“到將來某一時(shí)間為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作”。常與by + 將來時(shí)間，before+將來時(shí)間和by the time 引導(dǎo)的表示將來時(shí)間的從句連用。如：He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year.到明年年底他就會(huì)寫完他的小說了。6. In todays world, winners are celebrated and

14、 treated as heroes, but if doping and gene-therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events, the word “hero” will have lost all meaning.【句式翻譯】在當(dāng)今世界，人們祝賀獲勝者，并把他們看作英雄，但如果服用興奮劑和基因治療繼續(xù)影響著主要體育項(xiàng)目的成績的話，“英雄”就失去了它的全部意義?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫怯刹⒘羞B詞but連接的復(fù)合句，第二個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了將來完成時(shí)，同時(shí)，包含有一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】1) celebra

15、te vt.慶祝The whole city celebrated the New Year with fireworks.全城放焰火來慶祝新年。2) affect vt.影響，感動(dòng)I told him firmly that his opinion will not affect my decision.我堅(jiān)定的告訴他，他的觀點(diǎn)不會(huì)影響我的決定。The audience present was deeply affected by his speech.在場的聽眾都被他的演講深深地打動(dòng)了。【語法點(diǎn)撥】將來完成時(shí), 具體用法第5句。8.One of the earliest epidemics

16、 on record happened about 500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire.【句式翻譯】歷史上有記載的最早的傳染病之一發(fā)生在公元500-550年，當(dāng)時(shí)的羅馬皇帝正在試圖重建羅馬帝國?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪浒粋€(gè)when引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句，從句中運(yùn)用了過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。【詞語點(diǎn)撥】attempt v./n.嘗試，試圖William attempted to find the solution to the problem.威廉試圖找到問題的解決辦法。H

17、e was nearly drowned in the attempt to swim across.他在試圖游到對(duì)岸去時(shí)差一點(diǎn)被淹死。【語法點(diǎn)撥】過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：was/were doing，表示“過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作”。常用的時(shí)間狀語有this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。如：What was he writing all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在寫什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicy

18、cle and hurt himself.我哥哥騎自行車的時(shí)候從車上摔下來受傷了。9. The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.【句式翻譯】最近的幾年里，人們見證了大規(guī)模的環(huán)境災(zāi)難，專家們預(yù)測更為嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)難即將發(fā)生?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫怯刹⒘羞B詞and連接的復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】on a grand scale 大規(guī)模地，大張旗鼓地We should popularize scie

19、nce on a grand scale.我們應(yīng)該大規(guī)模普及科學(xué)?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：has/have done，常表示“某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響”，也可表示“持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)”。常用的時(shí)間狀語：for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語及before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如：We have booked a room for today and tomorrow.我們已經(jīng)預(yù)訂了今天和明天的房間。The house has been

20、 empty for ages.這幢房子已經(jīng)空了相當(dāng)長時(shí)間了。（現(xiàn)在仍空著）10. In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earths climate - something previously seen as beyond our control.【句式翻譯】最近幾十年，科學(xué)家們達(dá)成共識(shí)并報(bào)道說，人類正在引起地球的氣候變化而這在以前看來是我們不能控制的。【句式分析】本句是復(fù)合句，含有一個(gè)that引

21、導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主句中運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】1) reach (a) consensus 達(dá)成共識(shí)，達(dá)成一致意見It is very difficult for them to reach a consensus on this issue.他們?cè)谶@個(gè)問題上很難取得一致意見。2) beyond prep. 超過；越過；在較遠(yuǎn)的另一邊The delay was caused by heavy weather and was beyond our control.延遲是由惡劣天氣造成的，我們無法控制。The beauty of the scene was beyond compare.景色之

22、美無與倫比。Linda always wondered what was beyond the horizon.琳達(dá)總是納悶著地平線的那一邊是什么?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，具體用法第10句。11. Treatments for jellyfish stings and snake bites have also been developed and in the last five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stings and about the same number from snake bites.【句

23、式翻譯】治療水母刺傷和毒蛇咬傷方法也已經(jīng)研制成功，在過去的五年里只有三人死于水母刺傷，這與被蛇咬傷致死的人數(shù)大體相同?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫怯刹⒘羞B詞and連接的復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。【詞語點(diǎn)撥】develop v.開發(fā)，發(fā)展，研制（新產(chǎn)品）Over the last few years tourism here has developed considerably.在過去幾年里，這里的旅游業(yè)獲得了相當(dāng)大的發(fā)展。The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car.那兩個(gè)公司已合作研制新型賽車?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】

24、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)就是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)的疊合，即：has/havebeen done，表示“過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響或持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能繼續(xù)下去，并且主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系”。常用的時(shí)間狀語：for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語及before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如：The office looks nice. It has just been cleaned.辦公室看起來很干凈。它剛被打掃過。The machine has been repa

25、ired for two hours.這臺(tái)機(jī)器已修了兩小時(shí)了。12. Adverts are not only made and paid for by business, but also by individuals, organizations and associations that wish to inform or educate the public.【句式翻譯】廣告不僅可由商家付費(fèi)制作，也可以由想給公眾傳達(dá)某種信息或教育公眾的個(gè)人、組織或協(xié)會(huì)來出資制作。【句式分析】本句是由并列連詞not onlybut also.連接的復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。【詞語點(diǎn)撥

26、】inform vt.通知，告知。構(gòu)成短語：inform sb of sth. 通知某人某事I shall inform you soon of the date of my arrival.我將把我到達(dá)的日期通知你。I regret to inform you that I am unable to help you.我遺憾地告訴你我沒法幫助你。【語法點(diǎn)撥】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：is/are done。表示“現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，并且主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系”。A lot of food is wasted every year.每年浪費(fèi)掉很多食物。Millions of to

27、ns of waste and poisonous gases are sent into the air with the smoke.數(shù)百萬噸的廢氣和毒氣隨著煙塵散發(fā)到空中。13. Margaret,married with two small children, has been working for the last seven years as a night cleaner, cleaning offices in a big building.【句式翻譯】瑪格麗特，已婚，帶著兩個(gè)孩子，七年來一直在做清潔工，晚上給一座大樓里的辦公室打掃衛(wèi)生?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫呛唵尉?，運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完

28、成進(jìn)行時(shí)，包含有兩個(gè)非謂語短語，married with在句中作后置定語，cleaning offices作伴隨狀語。【詞語點(diǎn)撥】marry v.(使)結(jié)婚；嫁；娶I'm sure Jack was sincere when he said he wanted to marry you.我相信杰克說想娶你是真心的。They got married to each other against their parents wishes.他倆的結(jié)合違背了各自父母的愿望。【語法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：has/have been doing。表示“一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且

29、還有可能持續(xù)下去”。如：You have been sitting in front of that computer too long.你在電腦前坐的時(shí)間太長了。No wonder he is so tired. He has been working all day.難怪他這么累，他工作一天了。14.Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, genetically modified (GM 轉(zhuǎn)基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world, mainly on the basis o