喬布斯在斯坦福大學(xué)的演講(中英文)

1、喬布斯在斯坦福大學(xué)的演講I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest Ive ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. Thats it. No big deal.

2、 Just three stories.The first story is about connecting the dots.I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed c

3、ollege graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really w

4、anted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: “We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?” They said: “Of course.” My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduate

5、d from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-cl

6、ass parents savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldnt see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So

7、I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didnt interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked inter

8、esting.It wasnt all romantic. I didnt have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5? deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of

9、what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully ha

10、nd calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didnt have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typograp

11、hy great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science cant capture, and I found it fascinating.None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we de

12、signed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer wou

13、ld have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking b

14、ackwards ten years later.Again, you cant connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down

15、, and it has made all the difference in my life.My second story is about love and loss.I was lucky I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billi

16、on company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation the Macintosh a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with m

17、e, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it w

18、as devastating.I really didnt know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public f

19、ailure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.I didnt see it then, but it turned

20、out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.During the next five years

21、, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of ev

22、ents, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apples current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.Im pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadnt been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but

23、I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Dont lose faith. Im convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. Youve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a

24、 large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you havent found it yet, keep looking. Dont settle. As with all matters of the heart, youll know when you find it. And, like any grea

25、t relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Dont settle.My third story is about death.When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day as if it was your last, someday youll most certainly be right.” It made an i

26、mpression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: “If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?” And whenever the answer has been “No” for too many days in a row, I know I need to change somet

27、hing.Remembering that Ill be dead soon is the most important tool Ive ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is

28、truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly

29、 showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didnt even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctors

30、code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought youd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.I lived with that dia

31、gnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a mic

32、roscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and Im fine now.This was the closest Ive been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can

33、now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven dont want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be,

34、because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Lifes change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.Y

35、our time is limited, so dont waste it living someone elses life. Dont be trapped by dogma which is living with the results of other peoples thinking. Dont let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They so

36、mehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he broug

37、ht it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing

38、with neat tools and great notions.Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country roa

39、d, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish

40、 that for you.Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.Thank you all very much.Chinese means：今天，有榮幸來(lái)到各位從世界上最好的學(xué)校之一畢業(yè)的畢業(yè)典禮上。我從來(lái)沒(méi)從大學(xué)畢業(yè)。說(shuō)實(shí)話，這是我離大學(xué)畢業(yè)最近的一刻。今天，我只說(shuō)三個(gè)故事，不談大道理，三個(gè)故事就好。第一個(gè)故事，是關(guān)于人生中的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴怎么串連在一起。我在里德學(xué)院（Reed college）待了六個(gè)月就辦休學(xué)了。到我退學(xué)前，一共休學(xué)了十八個(gè)月。那么，我為什么休學(xué)？這得從我出生前講起。我的親生母親當(dāng)時(shí)是個(gè)研究生，年輕未婚媽媽，她決定讓別人收養(yǎng)我。她強(qiáng)烈覺(jué)得應(yīng)該讓有大學(xué)畢業(yè)的人收養(yǎng)

41、我，所以我出生時(shí)，她就準(zhǔn)備讓我被一對(duì)律師夫婦收養(yǎng)。但是這對(duì)夫妻到了最后一刻反悔了，他們想收養(yǎng)女孩。所以在等待收養(yǎng)名單上的一對(duì)夫妻，我的養(yǎng)父母，在一天半夜里接到一通電話，問(wèn)他們有一名意外出生的男孩，你們要認(rèn)養(yǎng)他嗎？而他們的回答是當(dāng)然要。后來(lái)，我的生母發(fā)現(xiàn)，我現(xiàn)在的媽媽從來(lái)沒(méi)有大學(xué)畢業(yè)，我現(xiàn)在的爸爸則連高中畢業(yè)也沒(méi)有。她拒絕在認(rèn)養(yǎng)文件上做最后簽字。直到幾個(gè)月后，我的養(yǎng)父母同意將來(lái)一定會(huì)讓我上大學(xué)，她才軟化態(tài)度。十七年后，我上大學(xué)了。但是當(dāng)時(shí)我無(wú)知選了一所學(xué)費(fèi)幾乎跟史丹佛一樣貴的大學(xué)，我那工人階級(jí)的父母所有積蓄都花在我的學(xué)費(fèi)上。六個(gè)月后，我看不出念這個(gè)書(shū)的價(jià)值何在。那時(shí)候，我不知道這輩子要干什么，也

42、不知道念大學(xué)能對(duì)我有什么幫助，而且我為了念這個(gè)書(shū)，花光了我父母這輩子的所有積蓄，所以我決定休學(xué)，相信船到橋頭自然直。當(dāng)時(shí)這個(gè)決定看來(lái)相當(dāng)可怕，可是現(xiàn)在看來(lái)，那是我這輩子做過(guò)最好的決定之一。當(dāng)我休學(xué)之后，我再也不用上我沒(méi)興趣的必修課，把時(shí)間拿去聽(tīng)那些我有興趣的課。這一點(diǎn)也不浪漫。我沒(méi)有宿舍，所以我睡在友人家里的地板上，靠著回收可樂(lè)空罐的五先令退費(fèi)買(mǎi)吃的，每個(gè)星期天晚上得走七里的路繞過(guò)大半個(gè)鎮(zhèn)去印度教的 Hare Krishna神廟吃頓好料。我喜歡Hare Krishna神廟的好料。追尋我的好奇與直覺(jué)，我所駐足的大部分事物，后來(lái)看來(lái)都成了無(wú)價(jià)之寶。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)：當(dāng)時(shí)里德學(xué)院有著大概是全國(guó)最好的書(shū)法指導(dǎo)

43、。在整個(gè)校園內(nèi)的每一張海報(bào)上，每個(gè)抽屜的標(biāo)簽上，都是美麗的手寫(xiě)字。因?yàn)槲倚輰W(xué)了，可以不照正常選課程序來(lái)，所以我跑去學(xué)書(shū)法。我學(xué)了serif與san serif字體，學(xué)到在不同字母組合間變更字間距，學(xué)到活版印刷偉大的地方。書(shū)法的美好、歷史感與藝術(shù)感是科學(xué)所無(wú)法捕捉的，我覺(jué)得那很迷人。我沒(méi)預(yù)期過(guò)學(xué)的這些東西能在我生活中起些什么實(shí)際作用，不過(guò)十年后，當(dāng)我在設(shè)計(jì)第一臺(tái)麥金塔時(shí)，我想起了當(dāng)時(shí)所學(xué)的東西，所以把這些東西都設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)了麥金塔里，這是第一臺(tái)能印刷出漂亮東西的計(jì)算機(jī)。如果我沒(méi)沉溺于那樣一門(mén)課里，麥金塔可能就不會(huì)有多重字體跟變間距字體了。又因?yàn)閃indows抄襲了麥金塔的使用方式，如果當(dāng)年我沒(méi)這樣做，

44、大概世界上所有的個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)都不會(huì)有這些東西，印不出現(xiàn)在我們看到的漂亮的字來(lái)了。當(dāng)然，當(dāng)我還在大學(xué)里時(shí)，不可能把這些點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴預(yù)先串在一起，但是這在十年后回顧，就顯得非常清楚。我再說(shuō)一次，你不能預(yù)先把點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴串在一起；唯有未來(lái)回顧時(shí)，你才會(huì)明白那些點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴是如何串在一起的。所以你得相信，你現(xiàn)在所體會(huì)的東西，將來(lái)多少會(huì)連接在一塊。你得信任某個(gè)東西，直覺(jué)也好，命運(yùn)也好，生命也好，或者業(yè)力。這種作法從來(lái)沒(méi)讓我失望，也讓我的人生整個(gè)不同起來(lái)。我的第二個(gè)故事，有關(guān)愛(ài)與失去。我好運(yùn)年輕時(shí)就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己愛(ài)做什么事。我二十歲時(shí)，跟Steve Wozniak在我爸媽的車庫(kù)里開(kāi)始了蘋(píng)果計(jì)算機(jī)的事業(yè)。我們拼命工作，蘋(píng)果計(jì)算

45、機(jī)在十年間從一間車庫(kù)里的兩個(gè)小伙子擴(kuò)展成了一家員工超過(guò)四千人、市價(jià)二十億美金的公司，在那之前一年推出了我們最棒的作品麥金塔，而我才剛邁入人生的第三十個(gè)年頭，然后被炒魷魚(yú)。要怎么讓自己創(chuàng)辦的公司炒自己魷魚(yú)？好吧，當(dāng)蘋(píng)果計(jì)算機(jī)成長(zhǎng)后，我請(qǐng)了一個(gè)我以為他在經(jīng)營(yíng)公司上很有才干的家伙來(lái)，他在頭幾年也確實(shí)干得不錯(cuò)。可是我們對(duì)未來(lái)的愿景不同，最后只好分道揚(yáng)鑣，董事會(huì)站在他那邊，炒了我魷魚(yú)，公開(kāi)把我請(qǐng)了出去。曾經(jīng)是我整個(gè)成年生活重心的東西不見(jiàn)了，令我不知所措。有幾個(gè)月，我實(shí)在不知道要干什么好。我覺(jué)得我令企業(yè)界的前輩們失望我把他們交給我的接力棒弄丟了。我見(jiàn)了創(chuàng)辦HP的David Packard跟創(chuàng)辦Intel的

46、Bob Noyce，跟他們說(shuō)我很抱歉把事情搞砸得很厲害了。我成了公眾的非常負(fù)面示范，我甚至想要離開(kāi)硅谷。但是漸漸的，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，我還是喜愛(ài)著我做過(guò)的事情，在蘋(píng)果的日子經(jīng)歷的事件沒(méi)有絲毫改變我愛(ài)做的事。我被否定了，可是我還是愛(ài)做那些事情，所以我決定從頭來(lái)過(guò)。當(dāng)時(shí)我沒(méi)發(fā)現(xiàn)，但是現(xiàn)在看來(lái)，被蘋(píng)果計(jì)算機(jī)開(kāi)除，是我所經(jīng)歷過(guò)最好的事情。成功的沉重被從頭來(lái)過(guò)的輕松所取代，每件事情都不那么確定，讓我自由進(jìn)入這輩子最有創(chuàng)意的年代。接下來(lái)五年，我開(kāi)了一家叫做NeXT的公司，又開(kāi)一家叫做Pixar的公司，也跟后來(lái)的老婆談起了戀愛(ài)。Pixar接著制作了世界上第一部全計(jì)算機(jī)動(dòng)畫(huà)電影，玩具總動(dòng)員，現(xiàn)在是世界上最成功的動(dòng)畫(huà)制作公司。然后，蘋(píng)果計(jì)算機(jī)買(mǎi)下了NeXT，我回到了蘋(píng)果，我們?cè)贜eXT發(fā)展的技術(shù)成了蘋(píng)果計(jì)算機(jī)后來(lái)復(fù)興的核心。我也有了個(gè)美妙的家庭。我很確定，如果當(dāng)年蘋(píng)果計(jì)算機(jī)沒(méi)開(kāi)除我，就不會(huì)發(fā)生這些事情。這帖藥很苦口，可是我想蘋(píng)果計(jì)算機(jī)這個(gè)病人需要這帖藥。有時(shí)候