小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容總結(jié)及練習(xí)

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題一:小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié):小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總體上有如下四大塊:1. 名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則.2. 時(shí)態(tài) (小學(xué)階段有學(xué)系了四種時(shí)態(tài):即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí), 一般將來(lái)時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí)) 包含一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能,構(gòu)成,變化(包括動(dòng)詞的變化和句式的變化)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的概念, 構(gòu)成, 變化(包括動(dòng)詞的變化: 動(dòng)詞+ing的變化規(guī)則; 句式的變化)一般將來(lái)時(shí): 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的概念, 構(gòu)成, 變化 (句式的變化)一般過(guò)去時(shí): 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的功能, 構(gòu)成, 變化 (包括動(dòng)詞的變化: 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則, 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式列表)上述語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容主要的操練方式是兩種: 1.動(dòng)

2、詞的恰當(dāng)方式填空 2.按要求進(jìn)行句式變換. (肯定句，否定句，疑問(wèn)句之間的互相轉(zhuǎn)化)一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-m

3、en, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peac

4、h_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_       juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,

5、are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊

6、疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she

7、 go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專(zhuān)練:一、 寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù) d

8、rink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_     carry _come_      watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_     teach_二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.

9、4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike

10、 _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su H

11、ai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.     What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_5

12、. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_8. John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)_五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)1. Is  

13、60;  your brother speak English?         _2. Does he likes going fishing?             _3. He likes play games after class.         _4. Mr. Wu teachs us Eng

14、lish.                _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞ing?

15、60;     但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：       疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_&#

16、160;    write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing     _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _     get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )s

17、ome nice food     now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.     9. Its  

18、0;  5     oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))_4Tom is reading books in

19、 his study . (對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))四、將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a pi

20、cnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱(chēng)互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1.         問(wèn)人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New

21、 York soon.2.         問(wèn)干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this   afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.        問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nin

22、e. When is she going    to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 練習(xí)：填空。1.     我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.     下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛

23、? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.           你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買(mǎi)一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.           你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.