No2.主謂一致課件

1、專題專題 11 主謂一致主謂一致專題專題1111 主謂一致主謂一致 考點直擊 語法一致原則要求謂語動詞必須與主語在語法形式上保持一致。1單數(shù)名詞或代詞、不定式、動名詞(短語)、從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Smoking is bad for our health.吸煙有害健康。2不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲門。點睛點睛 英語中，主語與謂語的一致存在著三個原則：語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近原則。 1語法一致原則 專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 3介詞或介詞短語作插入語。主語后接with, al

2、ong with, together with, as well as, including, besides, like, except, but等短語作插入語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)由主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。如：Mike with his two dogs is walking in the park. 邁克和他的兩條狗正在公園里散步。4常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞作主語。一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞(如 trousers, shoes, clothes, gloves, glasses等)作主語時，謂語動詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)。但是，如果這些名詞被a pair of 修飾時，謂語動詞需用單數(shù)。如：A pair of

3、glasses is on the table.桌子上有副眼鏡。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 5“a number of名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“the number of名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：A number of workers have recently left the company. 最近有很多工人辭掉了工作。6“the形容詞”表示一類人，其作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如： The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 老年人比年輕人更容易感冒。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 7“

4、many a (more than one)單數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：More than one student is fond of playing computer games. 不止一個學(xué)生喜歡玩電腦游戲。Many a child is flying kites. 許多孩子在放風(fēng)箏。8“a lot of/lots of/plenty of名詞”，“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)名詞”等作主語時，謂語動詞與名詞的數(shù)保持一致。如：Three fifths of the forest was destroyed. 五分之三的森林被毀壞了。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 9在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞

5、that, who, which等作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。如：This is the boy who wants to see you.這就是想要見你的男孩。10在倒裝句中，謂語動詞應(yīng)與其后的主語的數(shù)保持一致。如：Here are some flowers and some money for you. 這兒有一些為你準(zhǔn)備的花和錢。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 2意義一致原則意義一致原則 意義一致即謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)要看主語所表示的概念。1形式上雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，如the police, people(人們), cattle等作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：

6、Watch out! The police are coming.當(dāng)心！警察來了。2the Chinese, the British等表示一個國家或民族的人的總稱的詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The English do not drink much wine.英國人不怎么喝酒。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 3形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，而意義上卻是單數(shù)的名詞，如news, physics, politics, economics及以s結(jié)尾的書名、報紙名、國名等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：This news is important to us.這條消息對我們很重要。The United St

7、ates is a developed country.美國是一個發(fā)達(dá)國家。4由and連接的兩個名詞作主語，指同一概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：The doctor and writer is very famous.這位醫(yī)生兼作家非常出名。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 5表度量、價格、時間、長度的復(fù)數(shù)名詞(短語)作主語時通常被看作一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Three years has passed since I came here. 自從我來這兒，三年已經(jīng)過去了。6集體名詞(如 family, team, group, class等)看作整體時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；強(qiáng)調(diào)其中每一個成

8、員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：My family is a big one with eight people. 我們家是一個有著八口人的大家庭。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 3就近原則就近原則 就近原則即謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于主語中最靠近它的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。1連詞notbut， eitheror， neithernor， not onlybut also等連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與靠近它的主語一致。如：Either you or I am wrong. 不是你錯了就是我錯了。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 2there be句型。當(dāng)there be后有兩個或幾個并列的主語時，be動詞

9、的數(shù)和與其靠得最近的那個主語一致。 如：There is a table and six chairs in the dining hall. 餐廳里有一張桌子和六把椅子。There are six chairs and a table in the dining hall. 餐廳里有六把椅子和一張桌子。專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 1In our school library there _ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them _ growing larger and larger.

10、A. are; isBis; are Chave; are Dhas; is22013安順安順 Neither my sister nor I _ been to America before. A. have ever Bhave never Chas ever Dhas neverA A考點過關(guān) 專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 3Doing exercise _good for your health. A. be Bam Cis Dare42013威海威海 Everyone except Tom and John _there when the meeting began. A.

11、are Bis Cwere Dwas52013遵義遵義 How time flies! Well graduate. Three years _really a short time. A. wasBareCisC DC 專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 12012黃石黃石 _that pair of _ a little cheaper? AIs; glass BAre; glass CIs; glasses DAre; glasses 解析解析 that pair of glasses意為“那副眼鏡”，它作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 C語法專練 專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 2B

12、oth Kate and I_ready for the picnic now. Agets Bis getting Care getting Dam getting 解析解析 bothand 連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 C專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 3The Germans_fly to Beijing next week. Ais going to Bwas going to Cwere going to Dare going to 解析解析 the Germans 作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 D42013鞍山鞍山 Neither he nor I_ from C

13、anada. We are from Australia. Ais B. are Cam D. beC專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 5Half of the teachers in our school _ over 40 years old. Ais Bare Chas D. have 解析解析 half of 后跟的是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 B專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 6Picking apples_much more interesting than having lessons. Ahas Bhave Cis D. are 解析解析 動名詞作主語時，

14、謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 C7. 2013揚(yáng)州揚(yáng)州 A number of tourists _ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city. Ahave been to B. has been to Chas gone to D. have gone toA專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 8. My family _ a happy one. Now the whole family _ having a party. Ais; are Bis; is Care; are Dare; is 解析解析 集體名詞family作

15、整體講時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；強(qiáng)調(diào)其中每一個成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A9.Robert with his two kids _ to the beach for vacation every year. Ago Bgoes Cwent Dare goingB專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 10_ of the water _ polluted. We must try to protect our environment. ATwo third; are BTwo third; is CTwo thirds; are DTwo thirds; is112013鹽城鹽城 Now the num

16、ber of Chinese people working in Africa _ more than one million. Ais B. are Cwas D. were12Not only my friends but also _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. Abe B. am Cis D. areDAB 專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 13The disabled _in need of help. AamBisCareDwere 解析解析 “the形容詞”表示一類人，作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)

17、。C14There _ some flowers on the teachers desk just now, but now there _nothing on it. Ahave; has Bwere; was Cwere; is Dhas; hasC專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 15How soon can you finish this job? Two days _ enough for me to finish the work. I need a week. Aisnt Barent Cis Dare 解析解析 時間段作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。根據(jù)“I need a week

18、.”可知應(yīng)該用否定形式。 A專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 162013齊齊哈爾齊齊哈爾 There _ a dictionary and two pens on the desk. AamB. isCare172013烏魯木齊烏魯木齊 Everyone except Tom and John _ studying for the final test now. A. are B. is Cwere D. was18Tom was the only one of the boys who _ praised by our teacher yesterday. Ais Bare Cwas D. wereBBC 專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 19_ thirty dollars enough for you, Ann? Yes, Mum.I only want to buy a notebook. AAre BIs CWere D. Was 解析解析 主語是thirty dollars，金錢作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。B專題專題11 11 主謂一致主謂一致 20Here _ some money and some pairs of shoes for you. Ais Bam Care Dwere 解析解析 在倒