6陳述句一筆記

1、陳述句一陳述句一（一）句子結(jié)構(gòu)之造句本章學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)主語+謂語主語+謂語+賓語主語+系+表注意事項(xiàng)：謂語與系語的區(qū)別謂語部分=時(shí)態(tài)/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+謂語動(dòng)詞 系語部分=時(shí)態(tài)/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+系語動(dòng)詞 即謂語帶動(dòng)詞，系語不帶動(dòng)詞例句：帶動(dòng)詞：He （did + eat） ate 他吃 了Tliey will come他們將要來不帶動(dòng)詞:He （does + be） is fine 他很好不帶動(dòng)詞：She may be a nurse她可能是為護(hù)士1、謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化謂語時(shí)態(tài)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的造句的方法例句一般過去式主語+ （did +動(dòng)詞原形） 過去式He (did + eat) ate一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語+ （do/do

2、cs+動(dòng)詞原 形）動(dòng)詞原形He (does + cat) eats一般將來時(shí)主語 + (be going to do + 動(dòng) 詞原形)He (be going to + cat) is going to eat現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+（bc doing +動(dòng)詞原 形）He (be going + cat) is eating現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語+ （have done +動(dòng)詞 原形）He (have done + cat) has eaten2、系語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及搭配主系主系結(jié)構(gòu)的造句方法例句am/is/are可以與如下詞進(jìn)行搭配： n.名詞adj.形容詞 adv 副詞 介詞 doneHe is optimis

3、tic.他為人樂觀was/wereI am watching movie 我在看電影He must be a good father他一定是個(gè)好爸爸Be going to beHe was not at home yesterday.他昨天不在家I am going to study cooking next month 下個(gè)月 我打算學(xué)習(xí)烹飪Be beingThe subway is being built.地鐵正在建I have been in BJ for 3 years.我在北京有 3 年了Havc/has been doneI could have completed my home

4、work 我本來可 以完成功課的陳述句一（二）句子結(jié)構(gòu)本章學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)主語+謂語+間賓+直賓注意事項(xiàng)1：賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)與賓語有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表一種狀態(tài)，為了補(bǔ)充說明賓語的意義、狀態(tài)等。通常大致有名詞、不泄時(shí)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞、介賓短語等 例句：I found you hard 找你真難hard是賓補(bǔ)用來完善句子的意思注意事項(xiàng)2：間賓與宜賓區(qū)別直接賓語表示動(dòng)作的承受者，一般是物間接賓i耳表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰活著為誰做的，一般是人例句：He teaches us English 他教大家英語。us表示間賓，English是直賓主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的造 句的方法待殊用詞例句主語+謂語+Don&

5、#39;t dye your hau- red不要把你的頭發(fā)染成賓語+賓補(bǔ) 注:keep和 leave都有使 處F某種狀態(tài), 他們之間 的區(qū)別是keep 表示一直管著, 而lenve鳧不宙紅色He got everything ready他把所有事情都準(zhǔn)備 好了makeHe made me a lot of trouble 他給我熱 了 不少 麻煩You make me upset你讓我心煩意亂Do I make myself clear 我說的清楚嗎？IIIJWI Tj管了并留下這個(gè)事兒）keepHe kept the door open for the whole night 他讓 門一晚

6、上都開著You should keep the room clean 你應(yīng)該保持房 間清潔leaveHe left the TV on他沒關(guān)電視She left the system down她讓系統(tǒng)處于關(guān)閉狀 態(tài)主語+謂語+ 間賓+直賓He taught me a lesson 他教訓(xùn) 了 我一頓I have given you many chances 我己經(jīng)給了 你 很多機(jī)會(huì)I have given many chances to you.陳述句一（三）帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的陳述句重點(diǎn)回顧任何一句話都要有時(shí)態(tài)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，具體參考情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（五）的陳述句部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用方法情 態(tài) 動(dòng) 詞表示現(xiàn)在或

7、將來+do （動(dòng)詞原形）v彳列句：I will follow the case /he couldn't pass the exam.表示進(jìn)行+be doingvf列句：They must be talking about your book / He should be reading表過去+have donev例句：Can he have eaten a lot? / Where can he have gone?v例句：She can" have forgotten taking her bag.vf列句： You may have bought the car. /

8、She might have sold the housev例句：I must have bought the wrong size of the cloth.v例句：He could have finished his homework on timevf列句：She wouldift have pailicipated in the party.vf列句: He shouldn't have been angry with his children.v例句： You needn't have bought a lot things for me.對(duì)過去的推測(cè)對(duì)過去的評(píng)價(jià)Ca

9、il / can't /may / might (也許，可能)could （能力，能） would （將耍，會(huì)） should （應(yīng)該） needn't （需要）must （一定）陳述句一（四）高頻詞匯高頻詞匯例句want/need用法：可與名詞5.）、不定式 （todo）以及代詞+不定式組合I want you to follow up our problems 我要你跟進(jìn)我們的 問題He wants to know it他要知道這個(gè)She wanted a cup of coffee 她要了 杯咖啡I don't need yoiw money我不需要你的錢You

10、need to be brave你需要勇敢些nccd/have to用法：可與名詞（n.）、不定式 （todo）以及代詞+不定式組合I don't need you to be womed about me 我不需耍你擔(dān)心 我I necd/have to get up early tomorrow 我明天得早點(diǎn)起床I nccd/have to go 我得走 了You don't need to explain 你不需耍解釋You don't need to be afraid 你不需要害怕had better (not) do STH. 翻譯：最好You had bet

11、ter get up early tomorrow morning 你最好明 天早上早點(diǎn)起床You had better not be late tomorrow meeting 你最好明天 的會(huì)議別遲到Y(jié)ou had better be smart 你最好聰明點(diǎn)have STH. to do 翻譯：有要做I have a lot of work to follow up我有很多工作要跟進(jìn)I have a plane to catch 我要趕飛機(jī)I have a conference to attend in this morning 我早上有個(gè) 會(huì)議要參加祈使句：主語是第二人稱，表示 說話者

12、對(duì)對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求，命令，叮Have a look / Watch out / Don't bother me / Don't believe him囑，邀請(qǐng)，勸告，警告燈（帶動(dòng)Never speak ill of others behind them永遠(yuǎn)不要在別人背詞/不帶動(dòng)詞）后說壞話Have a rest （時(shí)間比較長(zhǎng)，例如晚上休息）/ nap （午休） / break （時(shí)間較短，例如課間休息）Don't be sad Be happy / Be optumstic / Be quiet /Be kind陳述句一（五）高頻詞匯高頻詞匯例句Let 結(jié)構(gòu)：Let+賓語+

13、v/adj./adv./介詞短語Let the door open 讓門開著Let it go放手吧Let him sit down 讓他坐下Don't let him m不耍讓他進(jìn)來/ Let him not in讓他別進(jìn) 來Let us / Lefs 的區(qū)別不定代isj nobody/everybody somebody/anybodyNobody move 不許動(dòng) Anybody home ?有人在家？Someone tell me來個(gè)人告訴我Everybody in 都進(jìn)來省略（省主語）another minute/onc more minute 再來一分鐘 a cup of

14、coffee , please 一杯咖啡，謝謝once more再來一次反義疑問句 在祈使句后加wilVwon't sb.DoiTt tell them, will you.不要告訴他們,行嗎？Tell me, woift youzwill you.告訴我，行嗎？Let us got out, won't you /will you.讓我們出去，行嗎？There be +名訶（主系表結(jié)構(gòu)）There must be 20 persons in the room.房子里面應(yīng)該有 20人There will be storm tomorrow.明夭會(huì)有暴風(fēng)How much mone

15、y is there on the bed?有多少錢在床上 Is there any difference among of these products this time? 這次這些產(chǎn)品有什么不同？【注意】1、LeFs是Letus的縮寫。包括說話人和聽話人雙方在內(nèi)，含有催促、建議或請(qǐng)對(duì)方一起行 動(dòng)的意思。在聽話人表示贊同建議時(shí)可只用Let's.Let's got out, shall we?.讓我們出去,彳亍嗎？2、當(dāng)請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許自己（第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)）做某事時(shí)，要用Let us,這里的us不包括聽話 對(duì)方在內(nèi)，不能縮寫為L(zhǎng)ets.Let us got out, won'

16、;t you /will you.讓我們出去，行嗎？陳述句一（六）1、感知系列感官動(dòng)詞他看上去氣色不錯(cuò)He looks goodlook聽起來很不錯(cuò)it sounds greata/.形容詞聞起來很不好it smells badsound嘗起來很甜it tastes sweet我感覺病T I feel sicksmell你看上去像個(gè)傻子You look like a foolLike + n.名詞這個(gè)聽起來像個(gè)好主意it sounds like a good ideataste這個(gè)聞起來像狗屎it smells like shitfeel這個(gè)嘗起來像橙子it tastes like orang

17、e我感覺像個(gè)傻子I feel like a fool2、SPEND, TAKE, COST人花物物花人時(shí)間Spcnd(spcnt/spent)Takc(took/taken)金錢Spcnd(spcnt/spcnt)Cost(cost/cost)關(guān)鍵單詞習(xí)慣結(jié)構(gòu)spend(Sb.) spend sometime (in)doing /on STH./with sb. 翻譯特點(diǎn)：某人花了時(shí)間干某事例句：I spend 2 hours on my homework everyday.我平時(shí)花了 2 小時(shí)在作業(yè)上He spent the whole summer learning English.他花

18、 了 整個(gè)夏夭學(xué)習(xí)英語She spends 4 hours with her parents every weekend.她每個(gè)周末花 4 小時(shí) 陪父母They spent 100 million US dollars on new office.他們花了一個(gè)億新建 了辦公室Take （花時(shí)間）It take (Sb.) time to do STH.= To do STH. take (SB.) (time) 翻譯特點(diǎn)：某事花了某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間It takes me 2 hours to finish a movie = To finish a movie takes me 2 hours 我花了 2個(gè)小時(shí)看完了一部電影It took me a couple of weeks to play around BJ 玩遍北京花 了 我兩周時(shí) 間What took you so long?什么花了你這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間Cost （花錢）Monthly communicati