主謂一致三個原則.

1、Agreement between subject and verb主謂一致主要有以下三個原則：1、語法一致原則（5 種情況）2、意義一致原則（10 種情況）3、就近原則語法一致原則1 and 連接不同的人或事時作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)；但如果連接的名詞指的是同一人或物, 或同一概念時, 謂語要用單數(shù)。The singer anddancer_ going to give us a performance.The knife and fork _on the table.2. 不定式 , 動詞 ing形式或主語從句作主語時 ,謂語動 詞 用 單 數(shù) 。 Whathe is doingseems

2、 veryimportant.Collecting stamps is his hobby.3. 定語從句的關系代詞 who, which, that 在從句中作主語時，要與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom, who is your friend, should help you.I, who am a teacher, lack humor.4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, includ

3、ing 如果句子中有這些連接詞和主語連用, 謂語動詞的數(shù)隨主語的變化而變化。例如：The teacher togetherwith his students, is planting trees in the street.5. many a, more than one 與單數(shù)名詞組成的短語,謂語用單數(shù)。Many a boy has seen it.More than one student is required to redo the homework.意義一致原則1. 不定代詞 all, more, some, any, none作主語 ,謂語動詞視情況而定。 All of the a

4、pples _rotten.All of the apple _rotten.2. the rest of; half of; part of; the majority of等以及分數(shù)、百分比 在句子中加名詞作主語的時候 , 謂語動詞與 of 后面的名詞保持一致。Halfofthestudents_finishedtheircomposition.Half of the water_(pollute).3. 集合名詞作主語， 強調(diào)整體謂語動詞用單數(shù)； 指全體人員時 , 動詞則用復數(shù)。這一類常見的集合名詞有 public, family, class, crowd, audience,team

5、, government, group。His family _already_(move)to France.His family _all music lovers.4. 某些名詞如 people, police, cattle 等 ,形式上是單數(shù) , 但意義上是復數(shù) , 謂語動詞應用復數(shù)。people 指 “民族 ”時是例外。The police_ searching for a thief.The cattle_eating grass on the hill.5. 不定代詞作主語, 謂語動詞要用單數(shù)，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody 等So

6、meone is asking for you.6. 某些名 詞如 clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses, pants, shorts 等 , 通常只用其復數(shù)形式 , 但當它們被 a pair of 修飾時 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Here _ a new pair of shoes for you.7 某些名詞以s 結(jié)尾如maths, politics, physics,news, plastics 等，謂語動詞應用單數(shù)。Physics is a very interesting subject.8. 以 a number of 作主語時 , 謂語動詞用復數(shù) ; 以

7、the number of 作主語時 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。A number of new books are on the desk.The number of students in you class is 50.9. 單復數(shù)同形的名詞 , 作主語的時候 , 其謂語動詞由上下文決定 , 這一類名詞有 : means, works,deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。Noteverymeansisuseful.。Not all means are useful.10. 如果主語由 “ the+ 形容詞 (或過去分詞 ) ”結(jié)構(gòu)擔任時 ,謂語通常用復數(shù)

8、;這類詞有 : the brave,the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead 等就近原則either .or; neither .nor; not only . but also,whether.or 在句子中連接主語的時候或者在therebe 句型中 ,謂語動詞要和就近的主語保持一致。應該注意的幾個問題:1. 在主謂倒裝的句子中 ,謂語動詞的數(shù)應與其后的主 語 一 致 。 例 如 :Between the two windows_（ hang） a picture.2.a (large) qua

9、ntity of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 , 其短語作主語時 ,謂語動詞單復數(shù)看后面的名詞。A large quantity of people _needed here.quantities of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 ,其短語作主語時 ,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。例如 :Quantities of food (nuts)_ on the table.3. 表示數(shù)量的 one and a half 后 , 名詞要用復數(shù)形式 , 但是其短語作主語時 ,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 例如： One and a half bananas is left on the table.4. 書刊名、時間、距離、價格、度量衡

10、等的復數(shù)名詞作主語時 , 謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。Thirty years is not a long time. Roots is a famous American novel5. every. and every .; each . and each .; no .and no . 在以上短語中 and 連接的單數(shù)名詞 , 整個短語在句中作主語時 , 謂語動詞常使用單數(shù)。Each man and each woman is asked to attend. No sound and no voice is heard.請用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。1. Three years _ (have

11、) passed since they met last time, and for them, three years_ (be) really a long time.2. _ (be) everybody going to take part in the game this afternoon?3. My family _ (be) the largest one in our village. Besides,my family _ (be) all party members.4. The whole class _ (be) now listening to the teache

12、r attentively.5. The news _ (be) very exciting.6. To learn one or two foreign languages_ (be) very important nowadays.7. The last and most difficult lesson _(be) Lesson 14.8. I, who _ your friend, will try my best to help you.9. The scientist and engineer _ (have) invented a new machine.10. Alice，to

13、gether with her friends，_(be) punished for having broken the school rules.11. Every girl and every boy _ (have) the right to join the club.12. _ (be) either she or you to goand attend the meeting? Neither she nor I_(be).13. Ancient and modern history _ (be) the subjects we are studying.14. Many a sc

14、ientist _ (have) devoted their lives to science.15. The old _ (be) respected in our country.選擇題：1 One or two days _ enough to see the cityA isB areC.amD be2 Neithermy wife nor Imyself _ able topersuade my daughter to change her mind A isB areC amD be3 Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired ofhavi

15、ng one examination after another A isB areC.amD have4 Not the teacher ， but the students _ lookingforward to seeing the film A isB areC.amD be5 Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for classyesterdayA wasB wereC has beenD have been6 A woman with some children _ soonA is comingB are comingC has comeD hav

16、e come7 No one except my parents _ anything aboutthis。A know B knows C is knownD are known8The teacher as well as the students _ the bookalready A has readB have readC are reading D is reading9 All but one _ in the accident A was killedB were killedC will be killedD are killed10. Not only I but also

17、 Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A. isB. areC. amD. be11. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.A. is offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD. have offered12. When and where to build the new factory _yet.A. was not decidedB. are not decidedC. has not decidedD. have not decided13. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.A. were; wasB. was; wasC. was; wereD. were; were14. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A . is playi